Objective:To explore the surgical efficacy of cervical cerclage with cervical length (CL) <10 mm and emergency cerclage.Methods:From January 2013 to June 2022, a total of 98 singleton pregnant women who underwent ultrasound-indicated cervical cerclage because of CL<10 mm in the second trimester and underwent emergency cervical cerclage because of cervical dilation found by physical examination in Peking University First Hospital were enrolled. The differences in clinical data between the <34 weeks delivery group (25 cases) and the ≥34 weeks delivery group (73 cases) were compared. Meanwhile, according to different cervical status, they were divided into CL<10 mm group (43 cases) and cervical dilatation group (55 cases), and the cervical dilatation group was further divided into cervical dilatation <4 cm group and cervical dilatation ≥4 cm group. The clinical data and pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women with different cervical status were compared.Results:(1) There were significant differences in the proportion of preoperative CL<10 mm and the degree of preoperative cervical dilation between the <34 weeks delivery group and the ≥34 weeks delivery group (all P<0.05). (2) After cervical cerclage, compared with women in the cervical dilatation group, the prolonged gestational age in the CL<10 mm group was longer [(10.5±4.6) vs (14.3±3.4) weeks], the gestational age at delivery was later (median: 35.7 vs 38.0 weeks), the preterm birth rates before 37 and 34 weeks were lower, the late abortion rate was lower [9% (5/55) vs 0 (0/43)], and the newborn birth weight was higher, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). (3) Compared with the cervical dilation ≥4 cm group, the prolonged gestational age of the cervical dilatation <4 cm group was longer [(7.5±5.3) vs (11.1±4.2) weeks], the gestational age at delivery was later (median: 29.2 vs 36.0 weeks), and the birth weight of the newborn was higher (all P<0.05). The late abortion rate of cervical dilatation <4 cm group was lower than that of cervical dilatation ≥4 cm group [7% (3/45) vs 2/10; P=0.220]. Conclusions:Timely cervical cerclage in individuals with CL<10 mm could reduce preterm birth rate before 34 weeks gestation, and the pregnancy outcome is better than that of individuals with cervical dilation. Moreover, the pregnancy outcome of cervical cerclage in women with cervical dilation <4 cm is significantly better than that in women with cervical dilatation ≥4 cm.

With the rapid development of neuroelectrophysiology, neuroimaging and other technologies, a large amount of evidence has shown that the occurrence and development of idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) are closely related to the cortical-subcortical neural network. This article intends to review the relevant research on how the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures such as the thalamus, basal ganglia, and cerebellum are involved in the cognitive impairment of IGE, as well as the important subcortical neural nuclei targets currently targeted in the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy by neuromodulation, to evaluate the feasibility of neuromodulation therapy in clinical practice.

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by abnormal brain network function. The localization of the epileptogenic zone and feature analysis of the epileptic networks are key issues in clinical diagnosis and treatment as well as in research of disease mechanisms. In recent years, electroencephalography-functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG-fMRI), by integrating the high temporal resolution of EEG and high spatial resolution of fMRI, has provided an important tool for localizing epileptogenic zones and researching epileptic networks. This article reviews the recent advance in EEG-fMRI in epilepsy, with a focus on its role in localizing the origin of epileptic seizures, exploring the epileptic networks of different modalities, analyzing the characteristics of epileptic networks, and studying the pathogenesis of epilepsy combined with cognitive impairment, in order to analyze pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy and provide new perspectives for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To explore the surgical efficacy of cervical cerclage with cervical length (CL) <10 mm and emergency cerclage.Methods:From January 2013 to June 2022, a total of 98 singleton pregnant women who underwent ultrasound-indicated cervical cerclage because of CL<10 mm in the second trimester and underwent emergency cervical cerclage because of cervical dilation found by physical examination in Peking University First Hospital were enrolled. The differences in clinical data between the <34 weeks delivery group (25 cases) and the ≥34 weeks delivery group (73 cases) were compared. Meanwhile, according to different cervical status, they were divided into CL<10 mm group (43 cases) and cervical dilatation group (55 cases), and the cervical dilatation group was further divided into cervical dilatation <4 cm group and cervical dilatation ≥4 cm group. The clinical data and pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women with different cervical status were compared.Results:(1) There were significant differences in the proportion of preoperative CL<10 mm and the degree of preoperative cervical dilation between the <34 weeks delivery group and the ≥34 weeks delivery group (all P<0.05). (2) After cervical cerclage, compared with women in the cervical dilatation group, the prolonged gestational age in the CL<10 mm group was longer [(10.5±4.6) vs (14.3±3.4) weeks], the gestational age at delivery was later (median: 35.7 vs 38.0 weeks), the preterm birth rates before 37 and 34 weeks were lower, the late abortion rate was lower [9% (5/55) vs 0 (0/43)], and the newborn birth weight was higher, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). (3) Compared with the cervical dilation ≥4 cm group, the prolonged gestational age of the cervical dilatation <4 cm group was longer [(7.5±5.3) vs (11.1±4.2) weeks], the gestational age at delivery was later (median: 29.2 vs 36.0 weeks), and the birth weight of the newborn was higher (all P<0.05). The late abortion rate of cervical dilatation <4 cm group was lower than that of cervical dilatation ≥4 cm group [7% (3/45) vs 2/10; P=0.220]. Conclusions:Timely cervical cerclage in individuals with CL<10 mm could reduce preterm birth rate before 34 weeks gestation, and the pregnancy outcome is better than that of individuals with cervical dilation. Moreover, the pregnancy outcome of cervical cerclage in women with cervical dilation <4 cm is significantly better than that in women with cervical dilatation ≥4 cm.

With the rapid development of neuroelectrophysiology, neuroimaging and other technologies, a large amount of evidence has shown that the occurrence and development of idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) are closely related to the cortical-subcortical neural network. This article intends to review the relevant research on how the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures such as the thalamus, basal ganglia, and cerebellum are involved in the cognitive impairment of IGE, as well as the important subcortical neural nuclei targets currently targeted in the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy by neuromodulation, to evaluate the feasibility of neuromodulation therapy in clinical practice.

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by abnormal brain network function. The localization of the epileptogenic zone and feature analysis of the epileptic networks are key issues in clinical diagnosis and treatment as well as in research of disease mechanisms. In recent years, electroencephalography-functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG-fMRI), by integrating the high temporal resolution of EEG and high spatial resolution of fMRI, has provided an important tool for localizing epileptogenic zones and researching epileptic networks. This article reviews the recent advance in EEG-fMRI in epilepsy, with a focus on its role in localizing the origin of epileptic seizures, exploring the epileptic networks of different modalities, analyzing the characteristics of epileptic networks, and studying the pathogenesis of epilepsy combined with cognitive impairment, in order to analyze pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy and provide new perspectives for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

OBJECTIVE To excavate the adverse drug event （ADE） signals of three third-generation tetracycline antibiotics （tigecycline， omadacycline， eravacycline） based on FDA adverse event reporting system （FAERS）， and to provide reference for the safe use of them. METHODS The ADE reports of tigecycline， omadacycline and eravacycline from the first quarter of 2005 to the second quarter of 2023 were retrieved from FAERS database. The ADE signals of 3 kinds of drugs were mined by the method of reporting odds ratio method and the proportional reporting ratio method. RESULTS Totally 2 538 ADE reports with tigecycline， omadacycline and eravacycline as the primary suspected drugs were obtained， including 2 135 tigecycline ADE reports， 349 omadacycline ADE reports and 54 eravacycline ADE reports. A total of 131 ADE positive signals of tigecycline were mined， involving 19 system organ classes （SOCs）， mainly concentrated in investigations， hepatobiliary system， blood and lymphatic system， and gastrointestinal system， etc； the preferred terminologies （PT） with intense signal were hypofibrinogenaemia and blood fibrinogen decreased. Fourteen ADE signals were not mentioned in the drug instruction， such as renal failure， acute kidney injury and hemorrhage. Totally 24 ADE positive signals of omadacycline were mined， involving 6 SOCs， mainly concentrated in the gastrointestinal system and various examinations； the PTs with intense signals were tooth discoloration， jet-like vomiting and loose feces， etc. ADE signals were not mentioned in the drug instructions， included lip swelling， gastroesophageal reflux disease， eosinophilia， skin discoloration， feces softening， and night sweats. Five ADE positive signals of eravacycline were mined， involving 4 SOCs， mainly concentrated in various examinations， gastrointestinal system， etc. The most intense ADE signals were blood fibrinogen decreased and hypofibrinogenaemia. CONCLUSIONS ADE of the gastrointestinal system are mostly identified in the three third-generation tetracycline antibiotics， especially pancreatitis caused by tigecycline and gastroesophageal reflux disease caused by oral administration of omadacycline. The liver function， renal function （for tigecycline） and coagulation function （for tigecycline， eravacycline） should be monitored biyiliang@hotmail.com regularly during medication， so as to prevent the occurrence of serious ADE.

Humans ; Vaccines, Inactivated ; COVID-19/prevention & control* ; Vaccination ; Viral Vaccines ; Immunity ; Antibodies, Viral

Objective:To analyze the molecular epidemiological characteristics of the Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in Shijiazhuang, which can reveal the origin of the outbreak and provide a scientific basis for COVID-19 prevention and control.Methods:From January 2 to January 8, 2021, a total of 404 samples from 170 COVID-19 cases were collected from the Shijiazhuang Fifth Hospital. The consensus sequence of 2019 novel Coronavirus(2019-nCoV) was obtained through multiplex polymerase chain reaction-based sequencing. The sequences of 170 COVID-19 cases were analyzed by the PANGOLIN, and the data were statistically analyzed by T-test.Results:Among the 404 COVID-19 samples, a total of 356 samples obtained high quality genome sequences (>95%,100×sequencing depth). The whole genome sequences of 170 COVID-19 cases were obtained by eliminating repeated samples. All 170 sequences were recognized as lineage B1.1 using PANGOLIN. The number of single nucleotide polymorphism arrange from 18-22 and most of the single nucleotide polymorphism were synonymous variants. All of 170 genomes could be classified into 48 sub-groups and most of the genomes were classified into 2 sub-groups (66 and 31, respectively).Conclusions:All cases in this study are likely originated from one imported case. The viruses have spread in the community for a long time and have mutated during the community transmission.

Objective:To establish a candidate reference method for the determination of angiotensin Ⅱ in human plasma by isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS) and to evaluate its performance.Methods:Using [ 13C 6- 15N]-angiotensin Ⅱ as the internal standard, the plasma was accurately weighed by gravimetric method and mixed with a certain amount of internal standard. At the same time, enzyme inhibitor was added. After zinc sulfate solution protein precipitation and reversed-phase solid-phase extraction plate treatment, it was analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The multi reaction ion monitoring mode(MRM)was selected by mass spectrometry to detect specific ion fragments of angiotensin Ⅱ and internal standard. The linearity, sensitivity, precision, recovery rate and uncertainty of the performance of the established method were evaluated according to ISO15193. Results:Angiotensin Ⅱ had good linearity in the range of 10-1 000 pg/g ( r=0.999 5), the lower limit of quantification was 7.68 pg/g, the analytical recoveries were 97.14% to 102.85%, intra-batch imprecision≤3.21%, inter-batch imprecision≤2.96%, and total imprecision≤3.67%. Conclusion:A method for the determination of plasma angiotensin Ⅱ was established by ID-LC-MS/MS. The method is accurate and reliable, and is expected to be a reference method for the determination of plasma angiotensin Ⅱ.