Objective To investigate the characteristics of intestinal flora and its correlation with peripheral blood microinflammatory factors in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with diabetes mellitus(PTB-DM).Methods A total of 162 patients with PTB-DM admitted to the hospital from September 2022 to September 2024 were selected as the PTB-DM group,and another 150 healthy subjects who underwent physi-cal examinations during the same period in the hospital were selected as the control group.The clinical data of all research subjects was collected.The composition of intestinal flora of the research subjects was analyzed by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology.The levels of peripheral blood microinflammatory factors[inter-feron-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin-6(IL-6),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)]in all research subjects were detected.The clinical data,composition of intestinal flora and levels of microinflammatory factors of the PTB-DM group were compared with those of the control group.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the relative abundance of intestinal flora and the levels of peripheral blood microin-flammatory factors in patients with PTB-DM.Results The relative abundances of Bacteroidales and Clostridi-ales in the PTB-DM group were significantly lower than those in the control group,while the relative abun-dances of Enterobacterales and Actinobacteriales were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of IFN-γ,IL-6 and TNF-α in the PTB-DM group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically signifi-cant(P<0.05).The relative abundances of Bacteroidales and Clostridiales in the PTB-DM group were nega-tively correlated with the levels of IFN-γ,IL-6 and TNF-α.The relative abundances of Enterobacterales and Actinobacteriales were positively correlated with the levels of IFN-γ,IL-6 and TNF-α(all P<0.05).Conclu-sion There is a significant imbalance of intestinal flora in patients with PTB-DM,and the levels of microin-flammatory factors IFN-γ,IL-6 and TNF-α in peripheral blood are significantly increased,and are closely re-lated to the relative abundance of specific flora.

Objective To explore the effect of the horticultural therapy in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in elderly care institutions.Methods A convenient cluster sampling method was used.The study was conducted among the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in 2 nursing homes with 5A-level in Guangzhou,from March to September 2024.Using a lottery method,subjects from 2 nursing areas across 2 elderly care institutions were allocated to an experimental group,with the other 2 nursing areas serving as a control group,each group comprising 55 cases.The experimental group participated in horticultural therapy on the basis of control group interventions,while the control group was given routine care and daily leisure activities.The cognitive function,basic psychological needs and quality of life were compared between the 2 groups after the intervention.Results Eventually,37 cases in the experimental group and 38 cases in the control group completed the study.After the intervention,the cognitive function,basic psychological needs and quality of life in the experimental group were all better than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The horticultural therapy program can delay the progression of cognitive decline in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in nursing homes,meet their basic psychological needs and improve their quality of life.

Objective To clarify the evidence of the frequency and risk factors for falls in knee osteoarthritis(KOA)of adults by meta-analysis.Methods Computerized searches of the CNKI,VIP,Wanfang data,CBM,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science were conducted for literature on risk factors for falls in adults with KOA from the inception of the databases to August 2024.After literature screening,data extraction,and quality evaluation,RevMan 5.4 software was used for Meta-analysis.Results A total of 26 articles were involved.Meta-analysis result showed that the rate of falls was 29.0％.Factors associated with increased risk of falls included being female(OR=1.35),decreased lower limb muscle strength(OR=1.72),decreased knee flexion muscle strength(OR=7.05),decreased static posture stability(OR=1.28),opioid use(OR=1.79),antidepressant use(OR=1.69),frequent stair climbing(OR=7.58),combined neurological disease(OR=1.77),history of falls(OR=3.29)and fear of falling(OR=2.54).Conclusion The rate of falls of patients with KOA is high.The adults with KOA who are women,have lower muscle strength of lower limbs and knee flexion muscle strength,poorer static posture stability,use opioids,antidepressant,frequent stair climbing,combined neurological disorders,previous falls in the past year and fear of falls are at higher risk of falls.Healthcare professionals should dynamically assess and detect the risk of falls in the patients with KOA and adopt targeted,individualized interventions to prevent falls.

Objective To explore the effect of the horticultural therapy in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in elderly care institutions.Methods A convenient cluster sampling method was used.The study was conducted among the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in 2 nursing homes with 5A-level in Guangzhou,from March to September 2024.Using a lottery method,subjects from 2 nursing areas across 2 elderly care institutions were allocated to an experimental group,with the other 2 nursing areas serving as a control group,each group comprising 55 cases.The experimental group participated in horticultural therapy on the basis of control group interventions,while the control group was given routine care and daily leisure activities.The cognitive function,basic psychological needs and quality of life were compared between the 2 groups after the intervention.Results Eventually,37 cases in the experimental group and 38 cases in the control group completed the study.After the intervention,the cognitive function,basic psychological needs and quality of life in the experimental group were all better than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The horticultural therapy program can delay the progression of cognitive decline in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in nursing homes,meet their basic psychological needs and improve their quality of life.

Objective To clarify the evidence of the frequency and risk factors for falls in knee osteoarthritis(KOA)of adults by meta-analysis.Methods Computerized searches of the CNKI,VIP,Wanfang data,CBM,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science were conducted for literature on risk factors for falls in adults with KOA from the inception of the databases to August 2024.After literature screening,data extraction,and quality evaluation,RevMan 5.4 software was used for Meta-analysis.Results A total of 26 articles were involved.Meta-analysis result showed that the rate of falls was 29.0％.Factors associated with increased risk of falls included being female(OR=1.35),decreased lower limb muscle strength(OR=1.72),decreased knee flexion muscle strength(OR=7.05),decreased static posture stability(OR=1.28),opioid use(OR=1.79),antidepressant use(OR=1.69),frequent stair climbing(OR=7.58),combined neurological disease(OR=1.77),history of falls(OR=3.29)and fear of falling(OR=2.54).Conclusion The rate of falls of patients with KOA is high.The adults with KOA who are women,have lower muscle strength of lower limbs and knee flexion muscle strength,poorer static posture stability,use opioids,antidepressant,frequent stair climbing,combined neurological disorders,previous falls in the past year and fear of falls are at higher risk of falls.Healthcare professionals should dynamically assess and detect the risk of falls in the patients with KOA and adopt targeted,individualized interventions to prevent falls.

OBJECTIVE To establish the characteristic chromatogram of the volatile oil in the standard decoction of Qingshang juantong decoction， and preliminarily infer the main active components of volatile oil that affect the clinical therapeutic effect. METHODS The volatile oil in the standard decoction of Qingshang juantong decoction was extracted by steam distillation. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography （UPLC） characteristic chromatograms of 15 batches of samples were established by the Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint （2012 edition）， and the similarity evaluation was carried out. The volatile oil of standard decoction was identified by UPLC coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF/MS）. Then the volatile oil components were analyzed by GC-MS. RESULTS The similarities of UPLC characteristic chromatograms for volatile oil of 15 batches of Qingshang juantong decoction were between 0.949 and 0.997. A total of 12 common peaks were obtained. According to the UPLC-Q-TOF/MS， the main components were methyl eugenol， E-ligustilide， E-butylidenephthalide and so on. A total of 23 components were identified by GC-MS， which were mainly 3，4，5-trimethoxy- methylbenzene， patchouli alcohol， Z-ligustilide and so on. CONCLUSIONS The characteristic chromatograms of the volatile oil in the standard decoction of Qingshang juantong decoction is established， and it is inferred that methyl eugenol， ligustilide， E- butylidenephthalide， patchouli alcohol， 3，4，5-trimethoxy-methylbenzene might be the main active components affecting the clinical therapeutic effect of the volatile oil of Qingshang juantong decoction.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum miR-505,miR-15 and endoscopic activity of ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods 98 patients with UC from May 2020 to May 2022 were selected as the observation group,and 80 patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)were selected as the control group during the same period.The modified Mayo score was used to evaluate the endoscopic activity in patients with UC,and the relationship among the changes of serum miR-505 and miR-15 levels and the endoscopic activity in patients with UC was analyzed.Results The level of serum miR-505 in observation group was lower than that in control group,while the level of miR-15 in observation group was higher than that in control group(P<0.05).The level of serum miR-505 in patients with active UC was lower than that in patients with the healing stage,while the level of serum miR-15 in patients with active UC was higher than that in patients with healing stage(P<0.05).The serum miR-505 level of E3 type was lower than that of E2 type and E1 type,and the serum miR-15 level of E3 type was higher than that of E2 type and E1 type(P<0.05).The Mayo score of type E3 was higher than that of type E2 and E1(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum miR-505 was negatively correlated with Mayo score(r =-0.51,P<0.05),while serum miR-15 was positively correlated with Mayo score(r = 0.54,P<0.05).Receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC curve)results showed that the cut-off value of miR-505 was 0.93,and the area under the curve(AUC)for evaluating the endoscopic activity of patients with UC was 0.67(95%CI:0.659～0.785),and the sensitivity and specificity were 73.24%and 68.55%,respectively.The cut-off value of miR-15 was 0.85,and the AUC for evaluating the endoscopic activity of patients with UC was 0.69(95%CI:0.672～0.814),and the sensitivity and specificity were 76.38%and 69.72%,respectively.The AUC for the joint evaluation of UC by both was 0.82(95%CI:0.809～0.912),and the sensitivity and specificity were 84.56%and 68.49%,respectively.Conclusion Serum miR-505 levels decrease and serum miR-15 levels increase in UC patients than IBS,and the level is closely related to patients'pathological conditions and endoscopic activity.Combined detection of serum miR-505 and miR-15 has a good value in evaluating endoscopic activity in UC patients.

Objective To develop and test the reliability and validity of the Intrinsic Capacity Assessment Scale for the Older People,so as to provide an effective tool for the assessment of the intrinsic capacity of the aged.Methods Based on the International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF)as the theoretical framework,the initial version of The Intrinsic Capacity Assessment Scale for the Older People was developed through literature analysis,Delphi expert consultation and pre-survey.From July to September 2023,650 old people were selected by convenience sampling method to conduct a survey,and 20 old people were surveyed after 2 weeks again to test the reliability and validity of the scale.Results The effective questionnaire recovery rates of the 2 rounds of expert correspondence were 92.3％and 91.7％;the expert authority coefficients were 0.83 and 0.86;the mean importance scores of items were 2.04-3.79 and 3.50-3.82,and the full score ratios were 4.2％-83.3％and 54.6％-86.4％,respectively.The coefficients of variation were 0.11-0.42 and 0.11-0.23,respectively.A total of 5 common factors were extracted from exploratory factor analysis,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 68.327％.The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fit indexes were x2/df=1.908,RMSEA=0.054,CFI=0.931,IFI=0.932,TLI=0.922,indicating a good fit.The Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.944;the split half reliability was 0.806;the retest reliability was 0.933.The content validity index of item level was 0.82-1.00,and the content validity index of scale level was 0.91.The Intrinsic Capacity Assessment Scale for the Older People included 35 items in 5 dimensions:movement,vitality,sensation,cognition and psychology.Conclusion The Intrinsic Capacity Assessment Scale for the Older People has good reliability and validity,and it can be used as a reliable tool to evaluate the intrinsic capacity level of the aged.

Objective:To investigate the effects of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) on patients′ immune markers and metabolic levels in the early stage of allergen treatment, and to gain insight into the role of SCIT in regulating immune responses and metabolic levels, so as to provide reference data for the further discovery of potential biomarkers.Methods:A longitudinal study was used to include 40 subjects who underwent SCIT with dust mite allergens in the Department of Pediatrics of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between November 2017 and February 2022, including 20 subjects each of single mite subcutaneous immunotherapy (SM-SCIT) and double mite subcutaneous immunotherapy (DM-SCIT). In this study, levels of dust mite allergen-specific antibodies and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism were measured before and 12 months after treatment, while pulmonary function tests were performed. The therapeutic effects of the patients were followed up by visual analogue scale (VAS), asthma control test (ACT) and total medication scores (TMS). The results were statistically analyzed using t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test. Results:After 12 months of treatment with SCIT, both groups showed a significant decrease in total VAS score (SM-SCIT: Z=-2.298, P<0.05; DM-SCIT: Z=-3.411, P<0.001); total ACT score (SM-SCIT: Z=-2.054, P<0.05; DM-SCIT: Z=-2.014, P<0.05) and total medication scores (SM-SCIT: Z=-3.799, P<0.000 1; DM-SCIT: Z=-3.474, P<0.001) were significantly higher, in addition to significantly higher MMEF75/25 values in the DM-SCIT group ( t=-2.253, P<0.05). There was no significant change in sIgE in the SM-SCIT group ( P>0.05), and the sIgG4 levels of the Der p, Der f, p 1, p 2, f 2, and p 21 fractions were significantly elevated ( Z=-2.651, -3.771, -2.949, -2.912, -2.725, -2.128, and -3.285, respectively, all P<0.05); The sIgE of Der p 2, f 2, p 7 and p 23 fractions( Z=-2.651, -3.771, -2.949, -2.912, -2.725, -2.128, -3.285, all P<0.05) and the sIgG4 levels of the Der p, Der f, p 1, p 2, f 1, f 2, p 10, p 21 and p 23 fractions ( Z=-3.808, -3.845, -3.061, -2.688, -2.464, -3.211, -2.371, -2.091, -2.427, all P<0.05) of the DM-SCIT group were significantly elevated. Metabolomics analysis showed that arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, 5, 9, 12-octadecatrienoic acid, 5(S)-hydroxylated eicosatetraenoic acid, and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid were significantly elevated at the beginning of the treatment period after SM-SCIT treatment ( Z of -2.191, -2.497, -1.988, -2.090, -2.19, -2.803, -2.073, all P<0.05); 5(S)-hydroxylated eicosatetraenoic acid showed elevated and alpha-linolenic acid, eicosadienoic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid were significantly decreased in the DM-SCIT group after treatment ( Z=-1.988, -2.090, -2.497, -1.988, respectively, all P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that arachidonic acid was significantly negatively correlated with changes in dust mite-specific IgG4 ( r=-0.499, P<0.05), and that alpha-linolenic acid, 5, 9, 12-octadecatrienoic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid were positively correlated with the ΔsIgG4 of the dust mite der p 2 ( r=0.451, 0.420, 0.474, respectively; all P<0.05). Conclusion:Significant changes in allergen-specific antibody levels and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism levels occur during SCIT, and the two may interact and influence each other.

Objective:To investigate the effects of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) on patients′ immune markers and metabolic levels in the early stage of allergen treatment, and to gain insight into the role of SCIT in regulating immune responses and metabolic levels, so as to provide reference data for the further discovery of potential biomarkers.Methods:A longitudinal study was used to include 40 subjects who underwent SCIT with dust mite allergens in the Department of Pediatrics of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between November 2017 and February 2022, including 20 subjects each of single mite subcutaneous immunotherapy (SM-SCIT) and double mite subcutaneous immunotherapy (DM-SCIT). In this study, levels of dust mite allergen-specific antibodies and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism were measured before and 12 months after treatment, while pulmonary function tests were performed. The therapeutic effects of the patients were followed up by visual analogue scale (VAS), asthma control test (ACT) and total medication scores (TMS). The results were statistically analyzed using t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test. Results:After 12 months of treatment with SCIT, both groups showed a significant decrease in total VAS score (SM-SCIT: Z=-2.298, P<0.05; DM-SCIT: Z=-3.411, P<0.001); total ACT score (SM-SCIT: Z=-2.054, P<0.05; DM-SCIT: Z=-2.014, P<0.05) and total medication scores (SM-SCIT: Z=-3.799, P<0.000 1; DM-SCIT: Z=-3.474, P<0.001) were significantly higher, in addition to significantly higher MMEF75/25 values in the DM-SCIT group ( t=-2.253, P<0.05). There was no significant change in sIgE in the SM-SCIT group ( P>0.05), and the sIgG4 levels of the Der p, Der f, p 1, p 2, f 2, and p 21 fractions were significantly elevated ( Z=-2.651, -3.771, -2.949, -2.912, -2.725, -2.128, and -3.285, respectively, all P<0.05); The sIgE of Der p 2, f 2, p 7 and p 23 fractions( Z=-2.651, -3.771, -2.949, -2.912, -2.725, -2.128, -3.285, all P<0.05) and the sIgG4 levels of the Der p, Der f, p 1, p 2, f 1, f 2, p 10, p 21 and p 23 fractions ( Z=-3.808, -3.845, -3.061, -2.688, -2.464, -3.211, -2.371, -2.091, -2.427, all P<0.05) of the DM-SCIT group were significantly elevated. Metabolomics analysis showed that arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, 5, 9, 12-octadecatrienoic acid, 5(S)-hydroxylated eicosatetraenoic acid, and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid were significantly elevated at the beginning of the treatment period after SM-SCIT treatment ( Z of -2.191, -2.497, -1.988, -2.090, -2.19, -2.803, -2.073, all P<0.05); 5(S)-hydroxylated eicosatetraenoic acid showed elevated and alpha-linolenic acid, eicosadienoic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid were significantly decreased in the DM-SCIT group after treatment ( Z=-1.988, -2.090, -2.497, -1.988, respectively, all P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that arachidonic acid was significantly negatively correlated with changes in dust mite-specific IgG4 ( r=-0.499, P<0.05), and that alpha-linolenic acid, 5, 9, 12-octadecatrienoic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid were positively correlated with the ΔsIgG4 of the dust mite der p 2 ( r=0.451, 0.420, 0.474, respectively; all P<0.05). Conclusion:Significant changes in allergen-specific antibody levels and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism levels occur during SCIT, and the two may interact and influence each other.