Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction in oxidative stress in coronary heart disease model rats with heart blood stasis syndrome based on Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.Methods The rats were divided into normal group,sham-operation group,model group,Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction group and trimetazidine group.The rat model of coronary heart disease with heart blood stasis syndrome was established by ligation of the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery.Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction group and trimetazidine group were administrated with the corresponding drugs at the dosages of 14.04 g/kg and 5.4 mg/kg,respectively,and normal group,sham-operation group and model group were administrated with the same volume of normal saline for 14 days.The general state of rats was observed,body mass was recorded and electrocardiogram was collected.Echocardiography was used to examine cardiac functions(LVEF,LVFS,LVIDd,LVIDs);the morphology of myocardial tissue was observed by HE staining,serum malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)were detected by ELISA,the positive expressions of Keap1,Nrf2,HO-1 and NQO1 in myocardial tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the normal group and sham-operation group,the rats in the model group showed signs of mental fatigue,reduced activity,dull fur,purple claws,and a significant decrease in body mass(P<0.01);the ST segment in lead Ⅱ of the electrocardiogram was significantly elevated,LVEF and LVFS were significantly reduced,and LVIDd and LVIDs significantly increased(P<0.01),with severe degeneration and necrosis of myocardial cells,disappearance of striated structures,disordered arrangement of myocardial fibers,infiltration of inflammatory cells;the serum MDA content significantly increased,while the activities of SOD,GSH-Px and T-AOC significantly decreased(P<0.01);the positive expressions of Keap1 and Nrf2 in myocardial tissue significantly increased,while the positive expression of HO-1 and NQO1 significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the rats in Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction group and trimetazidine group showed improvement in their mental state,increased activity,shiny fur,rosy nails,and significantly increased body mass(P<0.01);the ST segment of the electrocardiogram decreased to varying degrees,with significant increases in LVEF and LVFS,and significant decreases in LVIDd and LVIDs(P<0.01);a large number of myocardial cells survived,the arrangement of myocardial fibers was relatively regular,and the infiltration of inflammatory cells was significantly reduced;the serum MDA content was significantly reduced,while the activities of SOD,GSH-Px and T-AOC significantly increased(P<0.01);the positive expression of Keap1 in myocardial tissue significantly decreased,while the positive expressions of Nrf2,HO-1 and NQO1 significantly increased(P<0.01).Conclusion Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction may inhibit oxidative stress by activating Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway to improve the pathological morphology and structural damage of myocardial tissue and promote the recovery of cardiac functions in rats with heart blood stasis syndrome of coronary heart disease.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction in oxidative stress in coronary heart disease model rats with heart blood stasis syndrome based on Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.Methods The rats were divided into normal group,sham-operation group,model group,Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction group and trimetazidine group.The rat model of coronary heart disease with heart blood stasis syndrome was established by ligation of the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery.Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction group and trimetazidine group were administrated with the corresponding drugs at the dosages of 14.04 g/kg and 5.4 mg/kg,respectively,and normal group,sham-operation group and model group were administrated with the same volume of normal saline for 14 days.The general state of rats was observed,body mass was recorded and electrocardiogram was collected.Echocardiography was used to examine cardiac functions(LVEF,LVFS,LVIDd,LVIDs);the morphology of myocardial tissue was observed by HE staining,serum malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)were detected by ELISA,the positive expressions of Keap1,Nrf2,HO-1 and NQO1 in myocardial tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the normal group and sham-operation group,the rats in the model group showed signs of mental fatigue,reduced activity,dull fur,purple claws,and a significant decrease in body mass(P<0.01);the ST segment in lead Ⅱ of the electrocardiogram was significantly elevated,LVEF and LVFS were significantly reduced,and LVIDd and LVIDs significantly increased(P<0.01),with severe degeneration and necrosis of myocardial cells,disappearance of striated structures,disordered arrangement of myocardial fibers,infiltration of inflammatory cells;the serum MDA content significantly increased,while the activities of SOD,GSH-Px and T-AOC significantly decreased(P<0.01);the positive expressions of Keap1 and Nrf2 in myocardial tissue significantly increased,while the positive expression of HO-1 and NQO1 significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the rats in Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction group and trimetazidine group showed improvement in their mental state,increased activity,shiny fur,rosy nails,and significantly increased body mass(P<0.01);the ST segment of the electrocardiogram decreased to varying degrees,with significant increases in LVEF and LVFS,and significant decreases in LVIDd and LVIDs(P<0.01);a large number of myocardial cells survived,the arrangement of myocardial fibers was relatively regular,and the infiltration of inflammatory cells was significantly reduced;the serum MDA content was significantly reduced,while the activities of SOD,GSH-Px and T-AOC significantly increased(P<0.01);the positive expression of Keap1 in myocardial tissue significantly decreased,while the positive expressions of Nrf2,HO-1 and NQO1 significantly increased(P<0.01).Conclusion Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction may inhibit oxidative stress by activating Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway to improve the pathological morphology and structural damage of myocardial tissue and promote the recovery of cardiac functions in rats with heart blood stasis syndrome of coronary heart disease.

BACKGROUND:Immunosuppression leads to impaired body immune function and aggravates the disease.Herb-partitioned moxibustion can effectively regulate immune function and improve immunity in the body,but its regulatory mechanism has not been elucidated. OBJECTIVE:To sequence immunosuppressed model rats treated with herb-partitioned moxibustion using bioinformatics techniques based on transcriptomics and to explore the mechanisms by which it regulates immunity. METHODS:Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups:control,model,and herb-partitioned moxibustion groups,with eight rats in each group.The model and herb-partitioned moxibustion groups were subjected to establishment of an immune suppression model by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide at a dose of 35 mg/kg for 3 consecutive days.No interventions were administered to the control and model groups after modeling.In contrast,the herb-partitioned moxibustion group received moxibustion treatment at Zhongwan,Shenque,Guanyuan,and Zusanli acupoints using a combination of moxa and herbal cakes,once a day,for 10 consecutive days,with samples being collected the day after the end of the intervention.Peripheral blood was collected from all groups of rats to measure their white blood cell count.RNA-seq was performed on the Illumina sequencing platform,and differentially expressed genes were selected for bioinformatics analysis using the GO and KEGG databases. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group,the model group exhibited a significant decrease in white blood cell count(P<0.001).RNA-seq analysis identified 3 026 differentially expressed genes between the model and control groups,with 1 565 upregulated and 1 461 downregulated.There were 535 differentially expressed genes identified between the herb-partitioned moxibustion group and the model group,with 280 upregulated and 255 downregulated.The Venn diagram analysis revealed that 159 genes were downregulated in the model group compared with the control group.However,after moxibustion with herbal cakes,these genes were upregulated.Protein-protein interaction network analysis identified 10 core targets,including Oasl,Oas2,Isg15,Herc6,Mx2,Helz2,Mx1,Syk,Hspa1a,and Ret.According to GO and KEGG analyses,moxibustion with herbal cakes regulated the body through pathways related to immune response,viruses,angiogenesis,and the autoimmune system.To conclude,there is a significant association between herbal cake-separated moxibustion intervention and immune suppression targets,including Oasl,Oas2,Isg15,Herc6,Mx2,Helz2,and Mx1.The intervention exhibits regulatory effects in the pathways related to immune responses,viral activities,and angiogenesis.

Abstract Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has demonstrated unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as glycolipid metabolism disorder. However, its widespread application has been hindered by the unclear biological essence of TCM syndromes and therapeutic mechanisms. As an emerging interdisciplinary field, phenomics integrates multi-dimensional data including genome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, and microbiome. When combined with TCM's holistic philosophy, it forms TCM phenomics, providing novel approaches to reveal the biological connotation of TCM syndromes and the mechanisms of herbal medicine. Taking glycolipid metabolism disorder as an example, this paper explores the application of TCM phenomics in glycolipid metabolism disorder. By analyzing molecular characteristics of related syndromes, TCM phenomics identifies differentially expressed genes, metabolites, and gut microbiota biomarkers to elucidate the dynamic evolution patterns of syndromes. Simultaneously, it deciphers the multi-target regulatory networks of herbal formulas, demonstrating their therapeutic effects through mechanisms including modulation of insulin signaling pathways, improvement of gut microbiota imbalance, and suppression of inflammatory responses. Current challenges include the subjective nature of syndrome diagnosis, insufficient standardization of animal models, and lack of integrated multi-omics analysis. Future research should employ machine learning, multimodal data integration, and cross-omics longitudinal studies to establish quantitative diagnostic systems for syndromes, promote the integration of precision medicine in TCM and western medicine, and accelerate the modernization of TCM.

Gout in modern medicine is often attributed to "Li Jie Disease （历节病）"， "Bai Hu Wind" （白虎风）， and "Bi （痹） Syndrome" categories in traditional Chinese medicine， mainly because its joint pain often presents as wandering attacks， and the clinical symptoms are similar to those caused by wind. However， the essence of gout is actually dietary disorders caused by internal injuries， so it should not be classified as Bi （痹） syndrome due to wind， cold， dampness. Focusing on the theory of "gout is not Bi syndrome" proposed by TONG Xiaolin， combining ancient and modern medical literature and modern clinical research， this article analyzes the underlying etiology of gout， which originates from dietary irregularities and accumulation of turbid toxins， as well as the disease mechanism of "toxicity hurts joints and accumulation of toxins impairs the kidneys"， in order to clarify the essential difference between gout and impediment syndrome. Using the theory of "state-targeted diagnosis and treatment"， gout is classified into two categories： dampness-heat and deficiency-cold， and the treatment strategy of lowering the turbid toxin， facilitating the joints， and preserving the kidneys was proposed in order to guide the clinical practice.

As cardiac magnetic resonance imaging technology advances,T1 mapping has emerged as a non-invasive method offering visual and quantitative insights into myocardial fibrosis,edema,and infiltration associated with cardiac dis-eases.The application of T1 mapping in myocardial diseases allows for evaluating both focal and diffuse myocardial fibro-sis,playing a crucial clinical role in the differentiation,treatment,and prognostic risk assessment of diseases.This arti-cle aims to provide a thorough overview of the clinical applications of T1 mapping in patients with cardiomyopathy,summa-rizing the commonly employed scanning techniques and imaging principles.

As cardiac magnetic resonance imaging technology advances,T1 mapping has emerged as a non-invasive method offering visual and quantitative insights into myocardial fibrosis,edema,and infiltration associated with cardiac dis-eases.The application of T1 mapping in myocardial diseases allows for evaluating both focal and diffuse myocardial fibro-sis,playing a crucial clinical role in the differentiation,treatment,and prognostic risk assessment of diseases.This arti-cle aims to provide a thorough overview of the clinical applications of T1 mapping in patients with cardiomyopathy,summa-rizing the commonly employed scanning techniques and imaging principles.

Diabetic gastroenteropathy is a serious chronic complication that accompanies the progression of diabetes mellitus， severely impacting patients' quality of life and overall health. Nearly half of diabetic patients experience symptoms such as nausea， vomiting， early satiety， abdominal distension， and abdominal pain， which increases their anxiety and depression， prompting frequent medical visits and further burdening the healthcare system. In-depth research into the pathogenesis of diabetic gastroenteropathy has identified several core mechanisms， including hyperglycemia， autonomic and enteric nervous system dysfunction， abnormal secretion of gastrointestinal hormones， macrophage polarization， brain-gut axis dysregulation， microRNA deficiency， and oxidative stress-induced damage and apoptosis of interstitial cells of Cajal （ICC）. Current clinical treatments mainly rely on prokinetic and antiemetic drugs. However， their notable adverse effects and diminishing efficacy with long-term use remain pressing issues. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， with its unique theoretical framework and extensive practical experience， potent in prescription formulation and acupoint selection guided by holistic concepts and syndrome differentiation， has gradually become an important option for treating diabetic gastroenteropathy. Numerous studies have confirmed that mechanisms include improving gastrointestinal hormone secretion， repairing ICC damage， regulating the nervous system， reducing oxidative stress， and modulating the brain-gut axis. These findings provide new insights into the treatment of diabetic gastroenteropathy. This article summarized the pathogenesis of diabetic gastroenteropathy and reviewed recent research on Chinese medicine and acupuncture-moxibustion therapy in improving gastrointestinal motility for diabetic gastroenteropathy treatment， aiming to offer clinical treatment insights and highlight the need for further research to explore comprehensive and individualized treatment approaches， providing better strategies for managing diabetic gastroenteropathy.

Objective To explore the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)based on music therapy on insomnia. Methods From July,2023 to April,2024,70 patients with insomnia in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow Univer-sity were randomly divided into control group(n=35)and observation group(n=35).Both groups accepted mu-sic therapy;moreover,the observation group accepted tDCS,and the control group accepted sham tDCS,for four weeks.They were assessed with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)total score and sub-score,Hamilton De-pression Scale 17-item(HAMD-17),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Chinese version of Stress Perception Scale(CPSS);and the relative power of resting-state electroencephalography(EEG)and mean blood flow veloci-ty(Vm)of each cerebral artery with transcranial Doppler were measured before and after treatment. Results Five cases dropped down in the control group,and four in the observation group.PSQI total score and sub-score,HAMD-17 score,HAMA score and CPSS score(|t|>3.503,P<0.01)in the observation group decreased after treatment,and were less in the observation group than in the control group(|t|>2.304,P<0.05),except sleep duration,sleep efficiency and CPSS scores.The relative power of δ and θ increased in the observation group,and decreased in α,β and γ(|t|>6.468,P<0.001),and were better in the observation group than in the control group(|t|>2.395,P<0.05).The Vm of each artery increased in the observation group(|t|>4.624,P<0.001),and were more in the observation group than in the control group(|t|>2.147,P<0.05). Conclusion tDCS based on music therapy may further improve sleep quality and EEG activity,increase cerebral blood flow velocity,and reduce adverse emotions in insomnia patients.

The Menghe Medical School is a highly influential academic school of Chinese medicine in China.Its academic features are mainly learning from others'strengths,openness and tolerance;integrity as the foundation,communication as the strength;harmo-ny as the way,and agility as the technique.The Menghe Medical School originated in Menghe,developed in Shanghai,spread all over the country,and spread around the world.The reasons for the prosperity and development of the Menghe Medical School are analyzed.Among them,imperial doctors being rewarded and supported,the stars having their roots in Menghe,inheritance from teach-ers by blood,help from in-laws,and the establishment of education and leadership in development are the main factors.On the basis of inheriting the scholarship of Menghe Medical School,Professor Tong Xiaolin innovatively proposed academic ideas such as the train-ing path of Xiang thinking,state-target differentiation and treatment,and dosage and effectiveness of prescriptions and medicines,pushing the academic thought of Menghe Medical School to a new theoretical peak in the new era.Based on the majestic development path of the Menghe Medical School,the implications for the inheritance,innovation and development of modern Chinese medicine are analyzed.