Objective To address the safety challenges arising from the rapid development of nuclear energy and technology, assess the current status of health emergency response capabilities in nuclear radiation emergencies, and promote capacity enhancement. Methods A preliminary evaluation system for health emergency response capability in nuclear radiation emergencies was developed based on a literature review. Two rounds of Delphi expert consultation (n = 20) were conducted, and the analytic hierarchy process was employed to establish judgment matrices for assigning indicator weights. Results The finalized system included six primary indicators (radiation protection capability, triage capability, decontamination and evacuation capability, medical treatment capability, radiation detection capability, and radiation dose estimation capability), along with 29 secondary indicators, such as capability for setting up emergency zones, capability for protecting personnel from internal and external contamination, on-site first aid capability, and personal dose monitoring capability. The expert response rate was 0.95, and the expert authority coefficient reached 0.80. The Kendall’s coefficient of concordance was W = 0.288 (P<0.01) for the first round of expert consultation and W = 0.308 (P<0.01) for the second round. Both rounds demonstrated high agreement among experts, and the consultation questionnaires passed reliability and validity tests. Conclusion By integrating qualitative analysis and quantitative calculation, this study developed a scientifically sound and operationally feasible evaluation system. This system will help identify gaps in health emergency response capabilities and provide scientific guidance and a decision-making basis for optimizing emergency plans and improving the level of health emergency response in nuclear radiation emergencies.

Objective:To investigate the effects of sampling methods on pathological assessment of resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specimen with tumor maximum diameter >3 cm after neoadjuvant therapy.Methods:NSCLC patients with a large tumor (diameter >3 cm) that were resected after neoadjuvant therapy from June 2020 to July 2023 were retrospectively collected in the Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, China. Sampling methods of the tumor bed were performed in accordance with the international and Chinese experts recommendations for resection specimens following neoadjuvant therapy (recommended sampling method, RSM), and all remaining tumor bed lesions were completely sampled after recommended sampling (complete sampling method, CSM). The difference of pathological response assessment of residual viable tumor (RVT) between RSM and CSM was examined.Results:A total of 90 cases were identified and analyzed, including 39 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 51 cases of adenocarcinoma, treated with neoadjuvant therapy including chemotherapy in 22 cases (24.4%), targeted therapy in 14 cases (15.6%), and chemoimmunotherapy in 54 cases (60.0%). There were 62 males and 28 females with an average age of (62.7±17.9) years. The average tumor maximum diameter was 4.3 cm (range, 3.1-8.0 cm). The average number of sampled blocks was 8 blocks (range, 5 to 16) and 15 blocks (range, 8 to 36) per case by RSM and CSM, respectively. According to the definition of major pathological response (MPR) in which RVT is ≤10%, the numbers of patients with MPR were 34 cases by RSM and 30 cases by CSM, respectively. Four cases showed inconsistent RVT between the two methods, including one case of squamous cell carcinoma and three cases of adenocarcinoma. The RVT of the four inconsistent cases was 7%, 7%, 5% and 9% (MPR by RSM), and 15%, 15%, 15% and 20% (non-MPR by CSM), respectively. The kappa values of MPR consistency evaluated by the two sampling methods were 0.893 for all cases, 0.906 for squamous cell carcinoma cases and 0.751 for adenocarcinoma cases. According to MPR cut-off of 65% for invasive primary adenocarcinoma, 24 cases and 20 cases achieved MPR by RSM and CSM, respectively. Of the four inconsistent cases, the RVT by RSM was 60% in three cases and 65% in one case (MPR), whereas the RVT by CSM was 70% in three cases and 75% in one case (non-MPR). The kappa value of the two sampling methods was 0.741.Conclusions:There is high consistency between RSM and CSM in the pathological assessment of post-treatment responses in resected NSCLC specimens with tumor maximum diameter larger than 3 cm. When the percentage of RVT cells is close to MPR, re-evaluation of the specimen is required and CSM may be necessary to accurately evaluate the degree of pathological remission, assist in clinical postoperative treatment, and predict patient prognosis.

Sj?gren's syndrome(SS)is one of the common rheumatic diseases in clinical practice.Modern medicine commonly uses drugs such as artificial tears,saliva,glucocorticoids,immunosuppressants,and biologics to control the condition.Clinical practice has shown that in addition to modern medical basic treatment,the use of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)can help improve the clinical efficacy of SS.According to the symptoms and signs of Sj?gren's syndrome in TCM,it is classified as"dryness and obstruction",and the core pathogenesis of the disease is spleen deficiency and deficiency of body fluids.Subsequently,toxic and pathogenic factors gather,leading to the decline of internal organs.The initial causes are spleen damage,unstable barrier,and invasion of pathogenic factors.The core link is spleen dysfunction,insufficient body fluid,and dryness arising from it.Spleen deficiency generates evil,obstruction of qi,and lack of body fluids are the root causes of illness.The main treatment method is the"spleen strengthening method",which treats spleen deficiency,dampness and stagnation,and the body fluid is not distributed.The treatment focuses on strengthening the spleen and qi,supplementing the lungs and generating fluids.Spleen deficiency leads to loss of vitality,blood stasis obstructs blood vessels,and the treatment is to strengthen the spleen,soothe the liver,remove blood stasis,and unblock the orifices.The spleen yang is not vigorous,and qi transformation is impaired.The treatment is to invigorate the spleen and warm the stomach,promote yang circulation,and promote diuresis.

Objective:To investigate the application of Galectin-9 and Pentraxin3 in cardiotoxicity assessment during anthracycline chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.Methods:A total of 143 breast cancer patients who received anthracycline chemotherapy in Department of Breast, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from Oct. 2021 to Oct. 2023 were separated into cardiotoxic group ( n=47) and non-cardiotoxic group ( n=96) according to whether cardiotoxicity occurred. Clinical data of patients were collected and the risk factors of cardiotoxicity were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression. The predictive efficacy of serum Galectin-9 and Pentraxin3 levels on cardiotoxicity was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) . Results:There was no statistically significant difference in age, body mass index, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, smoking history, drinking history, underlying disease (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia) , tumor stage, pathological type, tumor size, anthracycline type, or dose between the two groups ( t=1.07, 1.22, 0.96, 0.43, 1.07, 0.50; χ 2=0.12, 1.20, 0.14, 0.01, 0.47, 0.14, 3.32, 3.83, 1.91, 3.18, P > 0.05) ; The levels of troponin and B-type brain natriuretic peptide in cardiotoxicity group were higher than those in non-cardiotoxicity group ( t=13.48, 10.28, P < 0.05) , and serum Galectin-9 and Pentraxin3 levels were also higher ( t=22.53, 17.92, P < 0.05) . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that high levels of troponin, B-type brain natriuretic peptide, Galectin-9 and Pentraxin3 were all influential factors in the occurrence of cardiotoxicity ( OR=2.221, 2.050, 1.925, 1.976, P < 0.05) . ROC curve analysis showed that the area under curve of serum Galectin-9 for predicting cardiotoxicity was 0.722, the predictive sensitivity was 68.09%, and the specificity was 77.08%; The area under the curve of miR-135 for predicting cardiotoxicity was 0.636, the predictive sensitivity was 44.68%, and the specificity was 82.29%. Conclusion:Serum Galectin-9 and Pentraxin3 have high expression levels in breast cancer patients treated with anthracyclines, which are influential factors for the occurrence of cardiotoxicity after chemotherapy, and have high predictive value for the occurrence of cardiotoxicity in patients.

Sj?gren's syndrome(SS)is one of the common rheumatic diseases in clinical practice.Modern medicine commonly uses drugs such as artificial tears,saliva,glucocorticoids,immunosuppressants,and biologics to control the condition.Clinical practice has shown that in addition to modern medical basic treatment,the use of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)can help improve the clinical efficacy of SS.According to the symptoms and signs of Sj?gren's syndrome in TCM,it is classified as"dryness and obstruction",and the core pathogenesis of the disease is spleen deficiency and deficiency of body fluids.Subsequently,toxic and pathogenic factors gather,leading to the decline of internal organs.The initial causes are spleen damage,unstable barrier,and invasion of pathogenic factors.The core link is spleen dysfunction,insufficient body fluid,and dryness arising from it.Spleen deficiency generates evil,obstruction of qi,and lack of body fluids are the root causes of illness.The main treatment method is the"spleen strengthening method",which treats spleen deficiency,dampness and stagnation,and the body fluid is not distributed.The treatment focuses on strengthening the spleen and qi,supplementing the lungs and generating fluids.Spleen deficiency leads to loss of vitality,blood stasis obstructs blood vessels,and the treatment is to strengthen the spleen,soothe the liver,remove blood stasis,and unblock the orifices.The spleen yang is not vigorous,and qi transformation is impaired.The treatment is to invigorate the spleen and warm the stomach,promote yang circulation,and promote diuresis.

Objective:To investigate the application of Galectin-9 and Pentraxin3 in cardiotoxicity assessment during anthracycline chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.Methods:A total of 143 breast cancer patients who received anthracycline chemotherapy in Department of Breast, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from Oct. 2021 to Oct. 2023 were separated into cardiotoxic group ( n=47) and non-cardiotoxic group ( n=96) according to whether cardiotoxicity occurred. Clinical data of patients were collected and the risk factors of cardiotoxicity were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression. The predictive efficacy of serum Galectin-9 and Pentraxin3 levels on cardiotoxicity was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) . Results:There was no statistically significant difference in age, body mass index, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, smoking history, drinking history, underlying disease (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia) , tumor stage, pathological type, tumor size, anthracycline type, or dose between the two groups ( t=1.07, 1.22, 0.96, 0.43, 1.07, 0.50; χ 2=0.12, 1.20, 0.14, 0.01, 0.47, 0.14, 3.32, 3.83, 1.91, 3.18, P > 0.05) ; The levels of troponin and B-type brain natriuretic peptide in cardiotoxicity group were higher than those in non-cardiotoxicity group ( t=13.48, 10.28, P < 0.05) , and serum Galectin-9 and Pentraxin3 levels were also higher ( t=22.53, 17.92, P < 0.05) . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that high levels of troponin, B-type brain natriuretic peptide, Galectin-9 and Pentraxin3 were all influential factors in the occurrence of cardiotoxicity ( OR=2.221, 2.050, 1.925, 1.976, P < 0.05) . ROC curve analysis showed that the area under curve of serum Galectin-9 for predicting cardiotoxicity was 0.722, the predictive sensitivity was 68.09%, and the specificity was 77.08%; The area under the curve of miR-135 for predicting cardiotoxicity was 0.636, the predictive sensitivity was 44.68%, and the specificity was 82.29%. Conclusion:Serum Galectin-9 and Pentraxin3 have high expression levels in breast cancer patients treated with anthracyclines, which are influential factors for the occurrence of cardiotoxicity after chemotherapy, and have high predictive value for the occurrence of cardiotoxicity in patients.

Objective:To investigate the effects of sampling methods on pathological assessment of resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specimen with tumor maximum diameter >3 cm after neoadjuvant therapy.Methods:NSCLC patients with a large tumor (diameter >3 cm) that were resected after neoadjuvant therapy from June 2020 to July 2023 were retrospectively collected in the Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, China. Sampling methods of the tumor bed were performed in accordance with the international and Chinese experts recommendations for resection specimens following neoadjuvant therapy (recommended sampling method, RSM), and all remaining tumor bed lesions were completely sampled after recommended sampling (complete sampling method, CSM). The difference of pathological response assessment of residual viable tumor (RVT) between RSM and CSM was examined.Results:A total of 90 cases were identified and analyzed, including 39 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 51 cases of adenocarcinoma, treated with neoadjuvant therapy including chemotherapy in 22 cases (24.4%), targeted therapy in 14 cases (15.6%), and chemoimmunotherapy in 54 cases (60.0%). There were 62 males and 28 females with an average age of (62.7±17.9) years. The average tumor maximum diameter was 4.3 cm (range, 3.1-8.0 cm). The average number of sampled blocks was 8 blocks (range, 5 to 16) and 15 blocks (range, 8 to 36) per case by RSM and CSM, respectively. According to the definition of major pathological response (MPR) in which RVT is ≤10%, the numbers of patients with MPR were 34 cases by RSM and 30 cases by CSM, respectively. Four cases showed inconsistent RVT between the two methods, including one case of squamous cell carcinoma and three cases of adenocarcinoma. The RVT of the four inconsistent cases was 7%, 7%, 5% and 9% (MPR by RSM), and 15%, 15%, 15% and 20% (non-MPR by CSM), respectively. The kappa values of MPR consistency evaluated by the two sampling methods were 0.893 for all cases, 0.906 for squamous cell carcinoma cases and 0.751 for adenocarcinoma cases. According to MPR cut-off of 65% for invasive primary adenocarcinoma, 24 cases and 20 cases achieved MPR by RSM and CSM, respectively. Of the four inconsistent cases, the RVT by RSM was 60% in three cases and 65% in one case (MPR), whereas the RVT by CSM was 70% in three cases and 75% in one case (non-MPR). The kappa value of the two sampling methods was 0.741.Conclusions:There is high consistency between RSM and CSM in the pathological assessment of post-treatment responses in resected NSCLC specimens with tumor maximum diameter larger than 3 cm. When the percentage of RVT cells is close to MPR, re-evaluation of the specimen is required and CSM may be necessary to accurately evaluate the degree of pathological remission, assist in clinical postoperative treatment, and predict patient prognosis.

People with AIDS are highly prone to opportunistic infections,among which pulmonary infections are the most common,with high incidence and fatality rates.How to effectively prevent or reduce the occurrence of HIV-related lung infections(HRLI)is of great practical significance.From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),HRLI and AIDS share common pathological mechanisms,including qi deficiency,spleen defi-ciency,phlegm-heat or phlegm-dampness obstructing the lungs.Based on the TCM theory of"preventing disease before it occurs",the three-level prevention approach includes:the first step"preventing disease before it occurs"emphasizes strengthening the body's defense mechanisms by tonifying the spleen and benefiting qi,and nourishing the lungs and kidneys to strengthen the exterior and protect the body;the second step"preventing the progression of disease once it occurs"emphasizes the removal of pathogenic factors while strengthening the body's defenses.Based on the principles of syndrome differentiation and treatment in TCM,focuses are kept on the spleen tonifying and phlegm resolving,pathogenic factors dispelling and dampness eliminating,while protecting the spleen and nourishing other organs.The third step"preventing relapse after recovery"emphasizes replenishing deficiencies and enhancing immunity.Adopting the three-level prevention approach and early intervention can reduce the inci-dence of HRLI,which is a new idea for the prevention and treatment of HRLI with TCM.

Objective To explore syndrome and treatment law of TCM in treating pediatric pneumonia convalescence;To provide references for clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment.Methods The relevant literature about TCM in treating pediatric pneumonia convalescence was retrieved from CNKI,SinoMed,VIP,Wanfang Data and PubMed from the establishment of the databases to December 31,2024.Diagnostic basis,syndrome elements and TCM prescription information were extracted.Excel 2021 was used for frequency statistics,SPSS Modeler 18.0 was used for association rule analysis,Gephi 0.10.1 was used to complete complex network analysis,and Origin 2025 was used for data visualization.Results A total of 171 articles were included.Diagnosis basis predominantly involved symptoms,signs and course of the disease.TCM syndrome element distribution predominantly involved the lung,spleen,qi deficiency,yin deficiency,phlegm,dampness,blood stasis and heat,often presenting as a mixture of deficiency and excess patterns.A total of 98 prescriptions were collected,with high-frequency herbs primarily including tonifying and deficiency-replenishing herbs,and phlegm-resolving and antitussive herbs.The herbal properties and tastes were mainly warm,neutral,slightly cold,and sweet,bitter,pungent,primarily associated with the lung and spleen meridians.Complex network analysis identified three core patterns of syndrome-herb interactions.Conclusion The diagnosis of pediatric pneumonia convalescence relies on symptoms,signs and course of the disease as key criteria.The syndrome is often characterized by a deficiency-excess complex.Treatment should integrate the dynamic interactions among syndrome elements and adjust the balance between reinforcing healthy qi and eliminating pathogens based on the proportional weight of deficiency and excess.For deficiency patterns,it is necessary to focus on tonifying qi and nourishing yin.For concurrent syndromes or pathological factors,additional methods such as resolving phlegm,clearing heat,regulating qi,drying dampness,promoting digestion,cooling blood,and activating blood circulation may be incorporated.

Objective Emergency response to public health emergencies constitutes a vital component of the modernization of national governance systems and capacities, directly impacting national security, social stability, and public health. This study aims to analyze the key issues and research hotspots in the field of emergency response to public health emergencies, providing theoretical foundations and practical guidance for formulating scientific and effective emergency strategies and policies. Ultimately, it seeks to enhance the nation’s capability to respond to public health emergencies and safeguard public health. Methods Using core journals indexed in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database as the data source, 1094 journal articles in the field of emergency response to public health emergencies in China from 2003 to September 2024 were selected as the research sample. Citespace visualization software was employed to organize and analyze the research process in the field of emergency response to public health emergencies. Results The current research in this field predominantly involves small-scale cooperation, and the research process can be divided into four stages. The research in the emerging stage mainly focuses on the themes of emergency mechanism and emergency management, the development stage mainly centers on the themes of emergency capacity improvement and system exploration, the outbreak stage emphasizes the themes of COVID-19 and epidemic prevention and control, and the sustainable development stage highlights collaborative governance and informatization. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the development of research in this field. Currently, the field shows a continuous growth, with an increasing volume of publications. The focus of current research has shifted towards collaborative governance and the study of assessment tools, aiming to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness in responding to public health emergencies. Moreover, the field is advancing toward more systematic and comprehensive research. However, there is still a need to strengthen scientific communication and collaboration.