Objective To explore the medication rules of Professor Hua Baojin in the treatment of subsolid pulmonary nodules through retrospective analysis and data mining techniques. Methods The prescriptions of patients with subsolid pulmonary nodules who were diagnosed and treated by Professor Hua Baojin at Guang’anmen Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2024 were retrospectively collected. Data were imported into the Ancient and Modern Medical Case Cloud Platform for analysis of drug frequency, four natures and five flavors, meridian tropism, drug association, and hierarchical clustering. Results A total of 455 prescriptions were included, containing 205 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines, with a total frequency of 12048 times. Fifty-seven commonly used drugs were screened out, among which drugs with high frequencies included astragalus membranaceus (raw) and hawthorn fruit (charred). The nature of the drugs was mainly warm, cold, and neutral. The flavor of the drugs was mostly sweet, bitter, and pungent. The meridians they belonged to mainly included the lung, spleen, and liver meridians. Their efficacy was mainly tonifying deficiency, clearing heat, resolving phlegm, and relieving cough and asthma. Association analysis obtained 19 pairs of drug combinations, 21 groups of three-drug combinations, and four groups of four-drug combinations. Hierarchical clustering obtained 10 groups of drug combinations. Conclusion On the basis of the core pathogenesis of subsolid pulmonary nodule, Professor Hua applies the theory of regulating qi and detoxifying; regulating the qi of the liver, spleen, and lung; and detoxifying the toxins of phlegm and blood stasis, providing valuable experience for the clinical treatment of SSN.

Objective To establish an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)method for the detection of 34 prohibited and restricted pesticide residues in Atractylodes,and 21 batches of commercially available Atractylodes were detected to preliminarily investigate the pesticide residues in commercial Atractylodes.Methods The samples were extracted with pure acetonitrile,the extracts were purified by Waters-HLB 3cc(60 mg)solid phase extraction column,separated by Waters-C18 column,0.1%formic acid water(containing 10 mmol/L ammonium formate)and acetonitrile were used as mobile phases(gradient elution),and quantitatively analyzed by external standard method in multi-reaction monitoring positive ion mode according to the retention time.Results The linear relationship of each component was good in their respective concentration ranges,the correlation coefficients were all greater than 0.998 0.The limits of detection were within 0.8-4.0 μg/kg,and the limits of quantification were within 2.0-10.0 μg/kg.The average recovery rate was 74.1%-97.4%,and RSD was 0.6%-6.4%(n=9).Seven pesticide residues were found in 13 batches of 21 Atractylodes macrocephalus samples.Conclusion This method is simple to operate,accurate in quantification,has high recovery rate and good repeatability,and is suitable for the detection of multiple residues of prohibited and restricted pesticides in Atractylodes.

Objective To study the medication law of postoperative treatment of colorectal cancer by national TCM doctor Professor Piao Bingkui.Methods Professor Piao Bingkui's electronic medical records and paper medical records of colorectal cancer postoperative patients at Guang'anmen Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing Yiqingtang Chinese Medicine Clinic were collected and organized from their outpatients from January 1st,2002 to February 28th,2022.R4.2.1 was used to study the prescriptions,including high-frequency drugs,drug types,properties of Chinese materia medica,yin yang and five elements and dosage of drugs,as well as the law of multi-drug association in postoperative patients with colorectal cancer.Results Totally 642 colorectal postoperative cancer patients were included,involving 2 226 prescriptions,180 kinds of Chinese materia medica,and a total frequency of 39 988 times.The high-frequency drugs were Astragali Radix,fried Aurantii Fructus with wheat bran,Dioscoreae Rhizoma,etc.The main drugs in terms of efficacy were tonics for tonifying deficiency,disinfectants,etc.;the main properties were warm and neutral,the main tastes were sweet,pungent and bitter,and the main meridians were spleen meridians and stomach meridians.Ascending medicines were often used,and the drug were basically non-toxic.The frequency of using yang tonifying medicine was high,and the five elements were commonly used as local medicines;the dosage was mostly 10,15 and 20 g.The complex network analysis and clustering analysis of the association between multiple drugs found that Professor Piao Bingkui's basic prescription for treating colorectal cancer included Astragali Radix,fried Aurantii Fructus with wheat bran,Dioscoreae Rhizoma,salt Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus,Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium,Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma,Pseudostellariae Radix,and fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma with wheat bran.Conclusion In the treatment of colorectal cancer,Professor Piao Bingkui focuses on reinforcing the healthy qi,nourishing spleen and stomach function,combined with detoxication method and clearing heat,expelling phlegm and dampness,guiding stagnation and dispelling stasis methods,making syndrome differentiation as well as tonifying and benefiting qi,regulating qi movement,so as to realize the"treating middle-energizer as balance"and achieve mild level when treating colorectal cancer.

Objective:To construct and implement a multidisciplinary pain management model during the perioperative period based on the project-achieving quality control circle, so as to improve the quality of patient pain management during the perioperative period.Methods:Using the convenient sampling, 310 surgical patients from the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery, Thoracic Surgery, Urology Surgery and Joint Surgery of Liaocheng People's Hospital from June to July 2020 were taken as the pre-improvement group, and the routine perioperative pain management model was implemented. Starting from August 2020, a project-achieving quality control circle was carried out, following the steps of theme selection, topic clarification, goal setting, formulation of strategies, investigation of the best strategies, implementation of strategies, and confirmation of effectiveness, to implement a multidisciplinary pain management model during the perioperative period. A total of 310 surgical patients admitted to 5 departments from February to March 2021 were included in the improvement group.Results:The implementation rate of multidisciplinary pain management plan, the rate of out-of-bed activity within 24 hours after surgery, the rate of excellent postoperative rehabilitation compliance, and the average sleep score of patients in the improvement group all increased, with statistical differences ( P<0.05). After improvement, the awareness rate of pain knowledge among medical and nursing staff, the accuracy rate of nurses' rest and active pain assessment records, and the score of nurse pain knowledge all increased, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The construction and implementation of a multidisciplinary pain management model during the perioperative period based on the project-achieving quality control circle can effectively improve the quality of pain management for surgical patients, accelerate patient recovery, and improve the pain management of medical and nursing staff.

Leiomyomas are benign tumors that arise from smooth muscle cells and rarely involve the male genitourinary system. We reported a case of a patient who underwent radical orchiectomy for epididymal tumor. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was epididymal leiomyoma, and there was no recurrence after 9 months of follow-up.

In recent years, although the quantity of organ donation after citizen's death has been constantly increased, a large number of patients with end-stage renal diseases are waiting for kidney transplantation every year. The imbalance between donor and recipient is still one of the main problems affecting kidney transplantation in clinical practice. Therefore, it is of clinical significance to accurately evaluate the quality of donor kidney and fully utilize the expanded criteria donor kidney. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound has been gradually applied in the detection of multiple solid organs due to its safety, portability, real-time detection, quantification and other characteristics, and it also has promising application prospect in the evaluation of donor kidney quality. In this article, the advantages and limitations of current evaluation methods for donor kidney and current status and advantages of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in donor kidney evaluation were reviewed, and the application prospect of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the evaluation of donor kidney quality was discussed, aiming to increase the methods and enhance the accuracy for donor kidney evaluation, and provide reference for rational use of expanded criteria donor kidney.

Objective:To explore the safety and feasibility of optimized pathological evaluation system of donor's kidney and modified surgery during adult dual kidney transplantation(DKT)and evaluate its effectiveness to provide more alternative protocols for kidney transplantation from extended criteria donors.Methods:DKT was performed in 10 recipients using the same protocol from June 2019 to May 2021.And retrospective reviewing was performed for clinical data, including characteristics of donors and recipients, optimized pathological evaluation system, modified surgery, treatment regimens, complications and follow-ups.Results:There were 8 male and 2 female donors with an age of(57.9±12.8)years and BMI(24.1±4.1)kg/m 2.The percentage of DCD was 70% and DBD 30%.The serum creatinine before procurement was 107.6(93.3-163.5)μmol/l.Zero-point puncture biopsy was performed for both kidneys and optimized pathological evaluation system was implemented(Banff criteria & Remuzzi score). The pathological results indicated that glomerular sclerosis for left and right kidneys were 2.0(1.5-2.0)and 1.5(1.0-2.0). And Remuzzi score for left and right kidneys were(4.4±1.2)and(3.6±1.5)points respectively.All recipients were male with an age of(43.1±9.0)years and BMI(22.2±1.9)kg/m 2.All PRAs were negative pre-operation.Modified surgery was performed in all recipients(two kidneys were implanted outside iliac vessels without patch and artery of superior kidney was anastomosed to internal iliac artery). Operative duration was(195±54.3)min and serum creatinine before discharge 125.0(102.0-199.0)μmol/L.Renal dynamic scintigraphy indicated that glomerular filtration rate was(30.0±8.2)ml/min for left kidney and(29.2±13.9)ml/min for right kidney.MRA results indicated that morphologies of renal arteries and veins were regular.The time between operation and discharge was(22.4±4.7)days.Compared with SKT, serum creatinine before discharge of DKT was lower and DGF incidence of DKT was higher without statistical significance.The time between operation and discharge was longer for DKT than that for SKT( P<0.05). The complications consisted of 20% donor derived infection(DDI)and 50% DGF.And there was no surgical complication associated with vessels and ureter.Renal function remained stable during 6-month follow-ups. Conclusions:Optimized pathological evaluation system of donor's kidney and modified surgery during adult dual kidney transplantation are both safe and feasible.The postoperative function of transplanted dual kidney is successfully restored.However, long-term follow-ups are required for evaluating its effectiveness.

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are the largest transporter families in human bodies; they are widely distributed and have complex functions. ABC transporters can mediate the translocation of various substrates on the cell membrane. This paper summarizes the structure, classification, function and action mechanism of ABC transporters and the research progress of ABC transporters in AD in recent years, and discusses the future research direction for preventing and treating AD in this field to provide new ideas and references for the prevention and treatment of AD.

Objective:To summarize the medium-term outcomes of single kidney transplantation from senile deceased donors aged above 65 years.Methods:Forty-three kidney recipients from donors aged above 65(old-aged donor group, OAD) and 43 kidney recipients of the same age and gender from donors aged 18 to 49 years(standard-criteria donor group, SCD) were retrospectively reviewed.The survival outcomes of patients and grafts, renal functions, the incidence of delayed graft function(DGF)and other complications were recorded within the 3-year follow-up post-transplantation.Results:The 3-year patient survival rates were 95.3% both in OAD and SCD and the 3-year death-censored graft survival rates 92.7% and 97.6% respectively.The serum levels of creatinine were significantly higher in OAD than that in SCD( P<0.05). And lower estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)was found in OAD as compared with SCD( P<0.05). No significant difference existed in the incidence of DGF(OAD 20.9% and SCD 18.6%, P>0.05), acute rejection (OAD 4.7% and SCD 2.3%, P>0.05)or proteinuria(OAD 27.9%and SCD 14.0%, P>0.05). Conclusions:Single kidney transplantation from old-aged deceased donors may achieve excellent medium-term survival outcomes of patients and grafts.It can expand the donor pool though kidney functions were not as good as those of SCD.

Objective:To explore the outcome of kidney transplantation from donation after cadaveric death(DCD)with high pathological Remuzzi score.Methods:From January, 2019 to December, 2019, 31 recipients of kidney allograft transplantation from marginal donors with Remuzzi score≥4 in preimplantation biopsy were retrospectively enrolled. They were divided into two groups of dual kidney transplantation(DKT, 14 cases)and single kidney transplantation(SKT, 17 cases). Median Remuzzi score of left kidney(5.05 in DKT group vs 4.92 in SKT group)or right kidney(5.26 vs. 4.58)was comparable. Dual donor kidneys were implanted into ipsilateral iliac fossa. Survival outcomes, kidney function, acute rejection episodes, incidence of delayed graft function(DGF)and proteinuria were recorded within Year 1 post-operation.Results:Proportion of male(92.9% vs. 52.9%, P<0.05)and recipient's body mass index(BMI, 23.93 vs. 21.09)were significant higher in DKT group than those in SKT group. One graft failure occurred in DKT group at Month 11 post-operation. The 1-year graft survival rate was 92.9% in DKT group and 1-year recipient survival rate both 100% in two groups. Mean 12-month serum creatinine[SCr, (164±37.7)μmol/L vs. (154.92±96.2)μmol/L]and estimated glomerular filtration rate[eGFR, (41.84±9.01) vs. (44.8±18.16)ml/(min·1.73m 2)]were comparable between two groups(both P>0.05). There was no occurrence of thrombosis resulting in graft loss. One-year incidence of acute rejection, rate of DGF(42.9% vs 41.2%)and proteinuria(57.1% vs. 41.2%)were comparable between two groups(both P>0.05). Conclusions:Through donor-recipient matching and dual kidney transplant allocation, short-term survival outcome of kidney allograft from marginal donors with high Remuzzi score≥4 is encouraging. However, long-term outcomes should be further examined.