ObjectiveTo investigate the anti-Alzheimer's disease （AD） effect of Dipsacus asper（DA） in the Caenorhabditis elegans model， and decipher the underlying mechanism via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α （PPARα）/transcription factor EB （TFEB） pathway. MethodsFirst， transgenic AD C. elegans individuals were assigned into the blank control， model， positive control （WY14643， 20 µmol·L^-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （100， 200， and 400 mg·L^-1， respectively） DA groups. The amyloid β-42 （Aβ₄₂） formation in the muscle cells， the paralysis time， and the deposition of amyloid β-protein （Aβ） in the head were detected. The lysosomal autophagy in the BV2 cell model was examined by Rluc-LC3wt/G120A. The expression levels of lysosomal autophagy-related proteins LC3Ⅱ， LC3I， LAMP2， and TFEB were detected by Western blot. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was employed to determine the mRNA levels of autophagy-related genes beclin1 and Atg5 and lysosome-related genes LAMP2 and CLN2 downstream of PPARα/TFEB. A reporter gene assay was used to detect the transcriptional activities of PPARα and TFEB. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the fluorescence intensity of PPARα， and the active components of the ethanol extract of DA were identified by UPLC-MS. RCSB PDB， Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP）， and Autodock were used to analyze the binding between the active components and PPARα-ligand-binding domain （LBD）. ResultsCompared with the model group， the positive control group and 200 and 400 mg·L^-1 DA groups showed prolonged paralysis time （P<0.05）， and all the treatment groups showed decreased Aβ deposition in the head （P<0.01）. DA within the concentration range of 50-500 mg·L^-1 did not affect the viability of BV2 cells. In addition， DA enhanced the autophagy flux （P<0.05）， up-regulated the mRNA levels of beclin1， Atg5， LAMP2， and CLN2 （P<0.05， P<0.01）， promoted the nuclear translocation of TFEB （P<0.05）， increased LAMP2 expression and autophagy flux （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and enhanced the transcriptional activities of PPARα and TFEB （P<0.01）. The positive control group and 200 and 400 mg·L^-1 DA groups showed enhanced fluorescence intensity of PPARα in the BV2 nucleus （P<0.01）. UPLC-MS detected nine known compounds of DA， from which 8 active components of DA were screened out. The docking results suggested that a variety of components in DA could bind to PPARα-LBD and form stable hydrogen bonds. ConclusionDA may reduce the pathological changes in AD by regulating the PPARα-TFEB pathway.

AIM: To analyze the changes in binocular visual function before and after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)in patients with different degrees of myopia.METHODS:A prospective non-randomized controlled study was conducted. A total of 94 patients(188 eyes)who visited the refractive outpatient department of the ophthalmology department of the General Hospital of the PLA from June 2022 to June 2023 and voluntarily chose SMILE were consecutively included. They were grouped according to the degree of myopia, including 24 cases(48 eyes)in the low myopia group(-3.00 D

Objective To compare the long-term prognosis of elderly patients with stageⅠnon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after lobectomy or segmentectomy. Methods Data of elderly patients with stageⅠNSCLC between 2010 and 2020 were collected from the SEER database. According to the resection method, patients were divided into a lobectomy group and a segmentectomy group. The overall survival (OS) and lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS) of the two groups were compared by propensity score matching (lobectomy : segmentectomy=2 : 1). Results A total of 9990 patients were included, including 5840 (58.46%) females and 4150 (41.54%) males, with an average age of (70.48±6.47) years. Among them, 9029 patients were in the lobectomy group and 961 patients were in the segmentectomy group. After propensity score matching, a total of 2883 patients were matched, including 1 922 patients in the lobectomy group and 961 patients in the segmentectomy group. There was no statistical difference in baseline data between the two groups (P>0.05). The 10-year OS rate and LCSS rate of the lobectomy group were higher than those of the segmentectomy group (OS: 51.15% vs. 38.35%, P<0.01; LCSS: 79.68% vs. 71.52%, P<0.01). Subgroup analysis showed that the survival advantage of lobectomy was found in patients aged 60-<70 years and ≥80 years; for patients 70-<80 years, there was no statistical difference in OS or LCSS between the two surgical methods (P>0.05). In addition, for patients with tumor diameter ≤2 cm (stages ⅠA1-ⅠA2), lymph node dissection number≥10, and receiving adjuvant radiotherapy/chemotherapy, segmentectomy could also achieve a similar prognosis as lobectomy. Conclusion Overall, for elderly patients with stage ⅠNSCLC, lobectomy can achieve better OS and LCSS. However, individual differences, tumor characteristics, and perioperative treatment plans should be considered comprehensively to determine the surgical method for elderly patients with stageⅠNSCLC.

Humans ; Aged ; Lung Diseases ; Pneumonia/drug therapy* ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy* ; Administration, Inhalation ; Community-Acquired Infections/drug therapy*

Objective To observe the effect of omeprazole enteric-coated capsules on clinical symptoms and serum inflammatory factor levels in children with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer.Methods Children with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer were divided into treatment group and control group by random number table method.The control group was given triple therapy of ranitidine hydrochloride tablets,amoxicillin and clarithromycin,while the treatment group was treated with omeprazole enteric-coated capsules combined with amoxicillin and clarithromycin.Clinical efficacy,symptom relief time,and changes in serum motilin(MOT),gastrin(GAS)and inflammatory factors[interlrukin-6(IL-6)and interlrukin-8(IL-8)]were compared between the two groups.Results There were 48 cases in treatment group and 48 cases in control group.After treatment,the total effective rates in treatment group and control group were 93.74％(45 cases/48 cases)and 85.42％(41 cases/48 cases),with significant difference(P＜0.05).After treatment,the disappearance time of ulcer induced pain in treatment group and control group were(1.51±0.26)and(2.08±0.42)d;the disappearance time of acid regurgitation were(2.29±0.40)and(2.93±0.33)d;the disappearance time of burning sensation were(2.37±0.21)and(2.85±0.54)d;the length of hospital stay were(6.21±1.07)and(6.94±1.25)d;serum MOT levels were(298.48±35.15)and(273.58±31.25)pg·mL-1;serum GAS levels were(167.28±19.46)and(128.32±18.61)ng·L-1;IL-6 levels were(58.67±5.39)and(76.14±6.63)mg·mL-1;IL-8 levels were(50.08±5.16)and(58.68±5.49)mg·mL-1.The above indexes were significantly different between control group and treatment group(all P＜0.05).The total incidence of adverse drug reactions in treatment group and control group were 8.33％and 12.50％,with no statistical significance(P＞0.05).Conclusion Omeprazole enteric-coated capsules in the treatment of children with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer can effectively alleviate various clinical symptoms and improve clinical efficacy.At the same time,it can lower serum levels of inflammatory factors and improve inflammation,with good effect.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin and linagliptin in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)with heart failure(HF).Methods Patients with T2DM and HF were randomly into control group and treatment group.Both groups were treated with individualized anti-HF and metformin-based hypoglycemic therapy.On this basis,the control group was given linagliptin orally(5 mg each time,once a day),while the treatment group was given oral administration of empagliflozin 10 mg every day.Patients in both groups were treated continuously for 6 months.The clinical efficacy and blood glucose indicators[fasting blood glucose(FBG),2 h postprandial blood glucose(2 h PBG),hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)],cardiac molecular markers[N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP),fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23),copeptin(CPP)]and caridac function indicators[left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular remodeling index(LVRI)]before and after treatment were compared,and the adverse drug reactions were recorded.Results There were 40 cases in treatment group and 40 cases in control group.After treatment,the total effective rates in treatment group and control group were 97.50％(39 cases/40 cases)and 80.00％(32 cases/40 cases),with no significant difference(P＜0.05).The FBG levels in treatment group and control group were(7.64±1.18)and(7.83±1.24)mmol·L-1;2 h PBG levels were(8.97±1.46)and(9.04±1.35)mmol·L-1;HbA1c levels were(7.58±1.27)％and(7.65±1.42)％,all with no significant difference(all P＞0.05).The NT-proBNP levels in treatment group and control group were(612.53±204.62)and(1 045.24±316.75)pg·mL-1;FGF23 levels were(362.74±62.61)and(493.27±74.64)μg·L-1;CPP levels were(12.58±3.43)and(16.87±4.36)pmol·L-1;LVEDD values were(51.19±2.36)and(53.35±2.24)mm;LVEF values were(52.69±3.38)％and(50.28±3.75)％;LVRI values were(2.62±0.29)and(2.96±0.33)kg·L-1,all with significant difference(all P＜0.05).The incidence rates of adverse reactions in treatment group and control group were 5.00％(2 cases/40 cases)and 10.00％(4 cases/40 cases),with no significant difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion Both empagliflozin and linagliptin can effectively reduce the blood glucose in patients with T2DM complicated with HF.Empagliflozin can better promote the improvement of cardiac function in patients without significantly increase the incidence of adverse drug reactions.

Objective To understand the types, proportions, and radiation dose levels of pediatric cardiac interventional procedures. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted using the basic information and radiation dose data from all cases of pediatric cardiac interventional procedures performed at two tertiary medical institutions in Beijing from July 2023 to August 2024. The data included air kerma-area product, reference point air kerma, and fluoroscopy time. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate the basic information and dosimetric indicators of the procedures. Non-parametric tests were employed to examine the differences between variables, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient was utilized to investigate the relationships among various factors. All cases were categorized into the diagnostic group and the therapeutic group. In the diagnostic group, the majority of procedures involved catheter examinations and angiography for identifying the type of disease. In the therapeutic group, the primary procedures included patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent foramen ovale, pulmonary stenosis, radiofrequency catheter ablation, major aortopulmonary collateral arteries, complex congenital heart diseases, and other interventional procedures. Results The survey comprised 1008 cardiac interventional procedures involving 476 males and 532 females. The ages of the participants ranged from 0 to 15 years and the body weights from 4.5 to 105 kg. Among these participants, 92 and 916 were classified in the diagnostic and therapeutic groups, respectively. The proportions of interventional procedures were in the order of atrial septal defect (36.9%), radiofrequency catheter ablation (22.3%), patent ductus arteriosus (15.1%), complex congenital heart disease (4.8%), patent foramen ovale (3.1%), pulmonary stenosis (3.1%), ventricular septal defect (2.2%), other procedures (2.0%), and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (1.5%). The radiation doses of different interventional procedures were statistically different (P < 0.05), with air kerma-area product ranging from 0.02 to 658.4 Gy·cm², reference point air kerma from 0.1 to 2524 mGy, and fluoroscopy time from 0.2 to 62 min. Conclusion In pediatric cardiac interventional procedures, there is considerable variability in radiation doses for the same type of procedure. Additionally, radiation doses for identical procedures vary between different medical institutions, and a few cases carry a risk of deterministic effects.

【Objective】 To investigate the allele frequencies polymorphic distribution of Duffy, Kidd and Diego blood group systems in Dongxiang ethnic group in Gansu Province. 【Methods】 Blood samples of 100 unrelated blood donors were randomly selected from Dongxiang ethnic group in Gansu from January to December 2017. Allelic typing of Duffy, Kidd and Diego blood groups was performed by fluorescence PCR. 【Results】 The allele frequencies of Duffy, Kidd, and Diego blood group systems of Dongxiang ethnic group were 0.835 for Fy^*01, 0.165 for Fy^*02, 0.570 for Jk^*01, 0.430 for Jk^*02, 0.020 for DI^*01, 0.980 for DI^*02, respectively. No Fy(a-b-), Jk(a-b-), Di(a+b-) rare phenotypes were found. The antigen incompatibility rates of Fy^a/Fy^b, Jk^a/Jk^b, Di^a/Di^b of Duffy, Kidd, and Diego blood group systems were 23.76%, 37.01% and 3.84%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The allele frequencies distribution of Duffy, Kidd and Diego blood group systems in Dongxiang ethnic group in Gansu were polymorphic and has unique ethnic distribution characteristics.

Objective: To investigate the impact of temperature changes between neighboring days (TCN) on the mortality risk of respiratory diseases, so as to provide the evidence for the study of deaths from respiratory diseases caused by climate change. Methods: The monitoring data of deaths from respiratory diseases in Zibo City from 2015 to 2019 were collected from Shandong Provincial Management Information System for Chronic Diseases and Cause of Death Surveillance. The meteorological and air pollutant data of the same period were collected from China Meteorological Data Website and ChinaHighAirPollutants dataset. The effect of TCN on the risk of deaths from respiratory diseases was examined using a generalized additive model combined with a distributed lag non-linear model, and subgroup analyses for gender and age were conducted. The disease burden attributed to TCN at different intervals was assessed by calculating attributable fraction. Results: Totally 11 767 deaths from respiratory diseases were reported in Zibo City from 2015 to 2019, including 6 648 males (56.50%) and 5 119 females (43.50%). There were 1 307 deaths aged <65 years (11.11%), and 10 460 deaths aged 65 years and older (88.89%). A monotonically increasing exposure-response relationship was observed between TCN and deaths from respiratory diseases in the general population, females, and the population aged 65 years and older. The 95th percentile of TCN (P95, 3.84 ℃) reached the peak at a cumulative lagged of day 11 (RR=2.063, 95%CI: 1.261-3.376). The results of subgroup analyses showed greater impacts on females and the population aged 65 years and older, with cumulative lagged effects peaking at day 12 (RR=3.119, 95%CI: 1.476-6.589) and day 11 (RR=2.107, 95%CI: 1.260-3.523). The results of attributional risk analysis showed that next-day warming might increase the attributable risk of deaths from respiratory diseases, and next-day cooling might decrease the attributable risk. Conclusion Next-day warming may increase the mortality risk of respiratory diseases, and has greater impacts on females and the population aged 65 years and older.

Fragment with some anti-pancreatic cancer activity was identified by screening our internal chemical library. Eighteen compounds in 4 classes were synthesized by systematic modification and their anti-pancreatic cancer activity were evaluated. Ⅱ-1 (IC₅₀ = 6.40 ± 0.34 μmol·L^-1) and Ⅱ-2 (IC₅₀ = 7.15 ± 0.51 μmol·L^-1) exhibited outstanding activity. Subsequently, the anti-migration ability and invasion ability of Ⅱ-1 was evaluated by wound healing assay and invasion assay, Ⅱ-1 exhibited good anti-migration ability and outstanding anti-invasion ability. Using molecular docking technology and molecular dynamics simulation technology, the potential target was locked on bispecific tyrosine phosphorylation regulates kinase 1A (DYRK1A). By enzyme activity testing, the inhibitory capacity of Ⅱ-1 and Ⅱ-2 was 48% and 32%, respectively.