Objective To compare the success rates of different culture methods for hemorrhagic amniotic fluid.Methods Thirty-one hemorrhagic amniotic fluid samples from pregnant women who were subjected to chromosomal examination at Anhui Maternal and Child Health Hospital were collected from January 2021 to December 2022.Two culture methods,the slide in situ culture box method(re-ferred to as the slide method)and the plastic bottle culture combined with slide in situ culture box method(referred to as the combined culture method),were used for cell cultivation.All the cells were harvested and stained with Giemsa staining,then the number of eligi-ble karyotype was counted and the success rates were compared between the two methods.Results Among the 31 cases of the slide method,21 were successfully cultured with a success rate of 67.7％.For the combined culture method,all the 31 cases were success-fully cultured with a success rate of 100％.The success rate of the combined culture method was significantly higher than that of the slide method(P＜0.05).Of 31 bloody amniotic fluid samples,three cases were fresh bleeding,and an average number of eligible kary-otype was 8 in the slide method and 32 in the combined culture method.Twenty-eight cases were old bleeding,and an average number of eligible karyotype was 13 in the slide method and 53 in the combined culture method.The number of eligible karyotype in the com-bined culture method was significantly higher than that of the slide method(P＜0.05).Conclusion The combined culture method is suitable for the cultivation of hemorrhagic amniotic fluid samples,and should be worthy of promotion in the clinics.

The combination of thoracic radiotherapy and immunotherapy is increasingly widely used in clinical practice, which not only brings survival benefits but also increases the incidence of pneumonitis. The occurrence of pneumonitis affects the subsequent immunotherapy and can be life-threatening in severe cases. The occurrence and severity of pneumonitis after combination therapy depends on a variety of factors, including patient's age, physical strength, pulmonary function, race, combination therapy mode, radiotherapy dose parameters, type of immune checkpoint inhibitor, history of checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis or radiation pneumonitis, serum indexes and so on. At present, further research is needed to find out the influencing factors of the occurrence and severity of pneumonitis attributed to combined therapy, so as to better avoid, predict, identify and treat related pneumonitis in clinical practice.

Objective:To analyze the incidence, risk factors and occurrence time of radiation pneumonia (RP) and immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonia (CIP) in patients with lung cancer and lung metastatic cancer who received both thoracic radiotherapy and immunotherapy.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 137 patients with lung cancer and lung metastatic cancer receiving thoracic radiotherapy and at least one cycle of immunotherapy from January 2019 to January 2022 in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were retrospectively analyzed. The occurrence of RP and CIP was determined according to the clinical symptoms and thin-slice chest CT. The risk factors of symptomatic RP were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses of clinical data and treatment plan. The relationship between the occurrence time of symptomatic RP and the sequence of thoracic radiotherapy and immunotherapy was compared.Results:In the 137 patients with lung cancer and lung metastatic cancer who received both thoracic radiotherapy and immunotherapy, symptomatic RP was observed in 42 patients (30.7%) , including grade 2 RP in 33 patients (24.1%) , grade 3 RP in 6 patients (4.4%) , grade 4 RP in 1 patient (0.7%) , and grade 5 RP in 2 patients (1.5%) . The incidence of symptomatic RP was 40.0% (28/70) in patients who received thoracic radiation concurrent with immunotherapy and 20.9% (14/67) in non-synchronous patients, and the incidence of severe RP was 10.0% (7/70) and 3.0% (2/67) respectively. CIP was observed in 11 (8.0%) of 137 patients, including grade 2 CIP in 4 patients (2.9%) , grade 3 CIP in 6 patients (4.4%) , grade 5 CIP in 1 patient (0.7%) . There were 54.5% (6/11) of CIP patients with prior or concurrent symptomatic RP. Univariate analysis showed that smoking history ( χ2=9.85, P=0.002) , chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) history ( χ2=31.34, P<0.001) , thoracic radiotherapy concurrent with immunotherapy ( χ2=5.88, P=0.015) , total radiotherapy dose ( χ2=8.57, P=0.003) were associated with symptomatic RP. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that COPD history ( OR=9.96, 95% CI: 3.40-29.14, P<0.001) , thoracic radiotherapy concurrent with immunotherapy ( OR=2.84, 95% CI: 1.15-7.00, P=0.024) , and total radiotherapy dose ≥60 Gy ( OR=4.76, 95% CI: 1.68-13.50, P=0.003) were independent risk factors for symptomatic RP. RP occurred earlier in patients who received immunotherapy before thoracic radiotherapy [68.5 d (47.0 d, 101.8 d) ] than in patients who received immunotherapy after thoracic radiotherapy [117.5 d (79.0 d, 166.3 d) ], with a statistically significant difference ( Z=2.54, P=0.010) . Conclusion:The incidence of symptomatic RP is high in patients who receive both thoracic radiotherapy and immunotherapy. The history of COPD, thoracic radiotherapy concurrent with immunotherapy, and the total radiotherapy dose ≥60 Gy are independent influencing factors of symptomatic RP in patients with thoracic radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy. Symptomatic RP occurs earlier in patients who receive immunotherapy before thoracic radiotherapy than in patients who receive immunotherapy after thoracic radiotherapy.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Acronychia pedunculata water extracts on UV-induced light damage of human keratinocytes.Methods:The experiment was conducted from December 2018 to April 2020 in the Guangxi Medical University Laboratory of Genetics. The photoaged keratinocyte model was used, the cells were co-cultured with different concentrations of Acronychia pedunculata water extracts. The cell proliferation rate was detected by CCK-8 method. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of cells were detected by a test kit. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined by ELISA.Results:The proliferation of HaCaT cells was promoted by 0.5 mg/L-2.0 mg/L of the extracts. Compared with control group, the proliferation rate of HaCaT cells in the experimental group was significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with control group, the contents of ROS was decreased ( F=214.67, P<0.05), MDA was decreased ( F=811.88, P<0.05), SOD was increased ( F=28.95, P<0.05), CAT was increased ( F=213.31, P<0.05), GPX was increased ( F=65.10, P<0.05), T-AOC was increased ( F=305.58, P<0.05), IL-1β was decreased ( F=15.46, P<0.05), IL-6 was decreased ( F=59.2, P<0.05), and TNF-α was decreased ( F=33.13, P<0.05). Conclusions:The extracts of 0.5-2.0 mg/L of Acronychia pedunculata have protective effects on the photoaging cell model, which may be related to the increase of SOD, CAT, GPX and other antioxidant enzymes and the level of T-AOC in photoaging HaCaT cells, and the decrease of ROS, MDA content and the expression of inflammatory cytokines.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the advantages and technical limitations of various molecular genetic techniques in the diagnosis of two infants featuring all-round developmental retardation. METHODS: The two patients were initially screened by using chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). For patient 1, his parents were also subjected to CMA analysis, and the data was analyzed by using ChAS and UPD-tool software. For patient 2, methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR) was carried out. RESULTS: Patient 1 was diagnosed with maternal uniparental disomy (UPD) type Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) by CMA and UPD-tool family analysis. His chromosomes 15 were of maternal UPD with homology/heterology. Patient 2 was diagnosed with deletion type PWS by combined CMA and MS-PCR. CONCLUSION Correct selection of laboratory methods based on the advantages and limitations of various molecular techniques can help with diagnosis of genomic imprinting disorders and enable better treatment and prognosis through early intervention.

Objective: To identify the pathophysiological characteristics of cortical stroke survivors′ swallowing. Methods: Sixty cortical stroke survivors with dysphagia and cognitive impairment were enrolled into the observation group, while another 16 with dysphagia but without cognitive impairment formed the unimpaired control group and 16 healthy counterparts were selected for a normal control group. Each subject was recorded videofluoroscopically while swallowing 5ml of a liquid of medium consistency. The occurrence of refusing to eat, mouth opening difficulty, incomplete oral closure, residue in the oral cavity, residue in the pharyngeal cavity, leakage and aspiration were observed. Each subject′s swallowing time and kinematic parameters were analyzed from the fluoroscopic videos. Results: The incidence of refusing to eat (37.5%) and/or incomplete mouth closure (68.75%) were significantly higher in the observation group than in the other two groups. The incidence of difficulty in opening the mouth (37.5%), residue in the oral cavity (81.25%), residue in the pharyngeal cavity (56.25%), leakage (56.25%) and aspiration (50%) of the observation group were significantly higher in the observation group than among the normal controls, but were not significantly different from those incidences among the group without cognitive impairment. The average oral transit time and soft palate elevation time of the observation group were significantly longer than those of the other two groups. The observation group′s average hyoid movement time was significantly longer than that of the normal control group, but not significantly different from that of the group without cognitive impairment. There were no significant differences among the groups in average upper esophageal sphincter opening time, larynx closure time or the kinematic parameters. Conclusions Stroke survivors with dysphagia and cognitive impairment present dysphagia characteristic of oral phase swallowing difficulties.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the value of in situ amniocyte culture for prenatal diagnosis. METHODS: 2716 amniotic fluid samples were cultured in situ on slides. After the culture, the slides were stained, photographed and analyzed. RESULTS: All samples were successfully analyzed, with the success rates for primary culture and subculture being 98.42% and 1.58%, respectively. 224 samples (8.25%) were detected with chromosomal aberrations, which included 125 cases with trisomy 21, 31 with trisomy 18, 3 with trisomy 13, 4 with 45,X, 17 with 47,XXY, 5 with 47,XYY, 1 with 48,XXY,+18, 1 with 48,XXYY, 26 with structural chromosomal aberrations, and 11 with mosaicisms for aneuploidies. CONCLUSION In situ amniocyte culture is stable and has a high success rate, and is capable of identifying true and false mosaicisms, which can improve the accuracy of prenatal diagnosis.

The raw and processed roots of Plygonum multiflorum Thunb (PM) are used to treat different diseases in clinical practice. In order to clarify the influence of processing, a comparative study of chemical substance analysis was carried out. As the xenobiotics with a high enough exposure in target organs being considered as the potential effective or toxicity components, an in vivo study was also implemented to characterize the constitutes and metabolites, and meanwhile, the factor of compatibility with black bean were also considered. As a result, a total of 148 compounds were detected in PM extracts and more than 40 compounds were only detected in the processed products, which were probably new components produced during the steaming process. In in vivo study, 7 prototype components and 66 metabolites were detected or tentatively identified, 24 of which were reported for the first time. Our results indicated that processing greatly changed the chemical composition of PM and influenced the disposition of the compounds in vivo. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first global comparative study of raw and processed PM. These results expanded our knowledge about the influence of processing of PM and provided the essential data for further efficacy or toxicity studies.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Male ; Plant Preparations ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Polygonum ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spectrum Analysis

Objective: To explore the safety and feasibility of associating diaphragm resection and liver-diaphragmatic metastasis lesions resection for patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Methods: Retrospectively analysis 83 cases(98 times) of advanced ovarian cancer with liver-diaphragmatic metastasis between January 2012 and December 2016 at Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital.The patients were aged from 19 to 75 years.Surgical procedure included metastatic lesions resection(43 times) and stripping(55 times). Operation status, post-operative complications, pathology results and follow-up of the patients were analyzed. Results: Fifteen patients received twice surgical treatment and 68 patients received one time surgical treatment. Postoperative hemorrhage in chest and between liver and diaphragm was not occurred in all cases.Dyspnea and low oxygen saturation were occurred in two cases of stripping patients and 1 case of metastatic lesions resection patients.Results of CT examination indicated that there was medium to large amount of ascites in right chests.The symptoms were relieved after placing thoracic closed drainage.Other patients were recovered smoothly.All patients were diagnosed as ovarian cancer by pathological examination. Conclusion Associating diaphragm resection is safe and feasible for liver-diaphragmatic metastasis lesions from ovarian cancer.

Objective To compare the effect of motor development massage and neural development approach on the children with cerebral palsy. Methods The children with cerebral palsy were selected with layered matching as they accepted motor development massage or neural development approach, and reviewed with their score of Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66). Results There were 24 children in each group. The GMFM-66 score increased after treatment in both groups, but there was no statistical difference between these groups. Conclusion The gross motor function can be improved in the children with cerebral palsy with motor-development massage and neural development approach similarly.