Objective To construct large medical model named by "Huaxi HongYi"and explore its application effectiveness in assisting medical record generation. Methods By the way of a full-chain medical large model construction paradigm of "data annotation - model training - scenario incubation", through strategies such as multimodal data fusion, domain adaptation training, and localization of hardware adaptation, "Huaxi HongYi" with 72 billion parameters was constructed. Combined with technologies such as speech recognition, knowledge graphs, and reinforcement learning, an application system for assisting in the generation of medical records was developed. Results Taking the assisted generation of discharge records as an example, in the pilot department, after using the application system, the average completion times of writing a medical records shortened (21 min vs. 5 min) with efficiency increased by 3.2 time, the accuracy rate of the model output reached 92.4%. Conclusion It is feasible for medical institutions to build independently controllable medical large models and incubate various applications based on these models, providing a reference pathway for artificial intelligence development in similar institutions.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of heat-sensitive moxibustion on the quality of life in the elderly patients with malignant tumor based on palliative treatment. METHODS: A total of 100 elderly patients with malignant tumor were randomly divided into an observation group (50 cases, 3 cases dropped out) and a control group (50 cases, 4 cases dropped out). The conventional palliative treatment was performed in the control group. On the basis of conventional palliative treatment, heat-sensitive moxibustion was added at Shenque (CV8) and Zhongwan (CV12) in the observation group, once a day, 5 times a week, one course of treatment was composed of 2 weeks, and 2 consecutive courses of treatment were given. In the observation group, 15 patients voluntarily continued heat-sensitive moxibustion treatment, which was collected in the sub-observation group No.1, these patients were treated 3 times a week and for 6 months consecutively. Using the propensity score matching method, 15 patients who only completed 2 courses of treatment were assigned into the sub-observation group No.2. Before and after treatment, the scores of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), the Karnofsky performance status (KPS), and the anorexia/cachexia subscale-12 (A/CS-12), as well as the immune indexes (the contents of serum immune globulin [Ig]G, IgA, IgM and complements C3 and C4) were observed in the patients of the observation group and the control group. The monthly survivals were recorded in the two sub-observation groups after 6 months of treatment completion. The coordination was analyzed on the score of deqi scale of heat-sensitive moxibustion at the probing stage before treatment and the change in the score of EORTC QLQ-C30 before and after treatment in the patients of the observation group. RESULTS: After treatment, except the score related to the financial difficulties, the score of every items in EORTC QLQ-C30 was greater than that before treatment in the observation group (P<0.05); the scores for overall health, nausea/vomiting, pain, short breath, constipation and diarrhea of the scale were higher than those before treatment in the control group (P<0.05). The score for each item of the scale in the observation group was higher when compared with that in the control group, except the score for financial difficulties (P<0.05). After treatment, KPS score increased in the observation group when compared with that before treatment (P<0.05), and the score was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, A/CS-12 score was elevated in comparison with that before treatment in each group (P<0.05), and the score in the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, in the observation group, the contents of serum IgG, IgA and IgM, and C3 and C4 increased in comparison with those before treatment (P<0.05); and in the control group, the contents of serum IgG, C3 and C4 were declined (P<0.05). After treatment, the contents of serum IgG, IgA and IgM, and C3 and C4 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). After 6 months of treatment completion, the survival rate in the sub-observation group No.1 was higher than that of the sub-observation group No.2 (P<0.05). In the observation group, the positive coordination was presented between the score of deqi scale of heat-sensitive moxibustion and the change in the score of EORTC QLQ-C30 in the observation group (r>0, P<0.001). CONCLUSION On the basis of palliative treatment, heat-sensitive moxibustion can improve the quality of life, appetite and the immunity of the elderly patients with malignant tumor. Consecutive long-term moxibustion is contributed to prolonging the life span. The stronger deqi is felt during moxibustion delivery, the more significant the therapeutic effect is obtained.
Humans ; Moxibustion ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Quality of Life ; Neoplasms/psychology* ; Palliative Care ; Aged, 80 and over ; Middle Aged ; Acupuncture Points

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases are common clinical conditions. The number of patients with TMJ diseases is large, and the etiology, epidemiology, disease spectrum, and treatment of the disease remain controversial and unknown. To understand and master the current situation of the occurrence, development and prevention of TMJ diseases, as well as to identify the patterns in etiology, incidence, drug sensitivity, and prognosis is crucial for alleviating patients′suffering.This will facilitate in-depth medical research, effective disease prevention measures, and the formulation of corresponding health policies. Cohort construction and research has an irreplaceable role in precise disease prevention and significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment levels. Large-scale cohort studies are needed to explore the relationship between potential risk factors and outcomes of TMJ diseases, and to observe disease prognoses through long-term follw-ups. The consensus aims to establish a standard conceptual frame work for a cohort study on patients with TMJ disease while providing ideas for cohort data standards to this condition. TMJ disease cohort data consists of both common data standards applicable to all specific disease cohorts as well as disease-specific data standards. Common data were available for each specific disease cohort. By integrating different cohort research resources, standard problems or study variables can be unified. Long-term follow-up can be performed using consistent definitions and criteria across different projects for better core data collection. It is hoped that this consensus will be facilitate the development cohort studies of TMJ diseases.

Objective:To explore the clinical effects of free anterolateral thigh perforator flaps in repairing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) under a multi-disciplinary team (MDT) cooperation model.Methods:The study was a retrospective observational study. From June 2018 to December 2022, 49 DFU patients who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the Department of Hand and Foot Microscopy and Wound Repair Surgery of Henan Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), including 28 males and 21 females, aged from 47 to 68 years, with type 2 diabetes history period ranging from 6 months to 21 years. Under a MDT cooperation model, the physicians from department of endocrinology comprehensively assessed the patients, stabilized the patients' general condition, and controlled their complications, the surgeons from department of vascular surgery assessed and improved the patients' lower limb blood supply, the physicians from department of infectious diseases provided anti-infection treatment plans, the physicians from department of anesthesiology and perioperative medicine assessed the patients' perioperative risk and ensured their perioperative safety, and according to the patients' condition, the physicians from departments such as cardiology, neurology, nutrition, and rehabilitation actively and timely participated in the treatment. The surgeons from department of hand and foot microscopy and wound repair surgery prepared the wound base and used free anterolateral thigh perforator flaps to repair the wounds. After once or multiple debridement in the first stage, the wound area ranged from 5.0 cm×4.5 cm to 17.0 cm×10.0 cm. After once or twice vacuum sealing drainage treatment, the free anterolateral thigh perforator flaps were used to repair the wounds with incision area of 6 cm×5 cm to 18 cm×11 cm in the second stage. The descending branches of lateral circumflex femoral artery and the accompanying veins of flaps were anastomosed to the arteries and veins in the recipient sites, respectively. The wounds in the flap donor sites were sutured directly. After surgery, whether the patient's perioperative period was stable, the survival of flaps, the healing of wounds in the flap donor and recipient sites were observed. During the follow-up, the texture and appearance of flaps, whether there was a new ulcer, and the patient's walking ability were observed.Results:All the patients had stable perioperative period. Among them, the flaps in 46 patients survived successfully; the flaps in 2 patients developed complete necrosis, including 1 case whose ulcer was healed after repair of pedicled flap from the lower leg, and 1 case who underwent amputation of the lower leg; the flap in 1 patient developed partial necrosis, which was healed after dressing change and skin grafting. The wounds in the flap donor and recipient sites healed well. During the postoperative follow-up of 6-24 months, the flaps had good texture and appearance with no new ulcers, and the patients had no obvious impairment in daily walk.Conclusions:The MDT cooperation model can sufficiently ensure the perioperative safety of DFU patients. The free anterolateral thigh perforator flaps can repair the DFU wounds achieving good clinical effects with high flap survival rate and decreased amputation rate.

As artificial intelligence technology rapidly advances, its deployment within the medical sector presents substantial ethical challenges. Consequently, it becomes crucial to create a standardized, transparent, and secure framework for processing medical data. This includes setting the ethical boundaries for medical artificial intelligence and safeguarding both patient rights and data integrity. This consensus governs every facet of medical data handling through artificial intelligence, encompassing data gathering, processing, storage, transmission, utilization, and sharing. Its purpose is to ensure the management of medical data adheres to ethical standards and legal requirements, while safeguarding patient privacy and data security. Concurrently, the principles of compliance with the law, patient privacy respect, patient interest protection, and safety and reliability are underscored. Key issues such as informed consent, data usage, intellectual property protection, conflict of interest, and benefit sharing are examined in depth. The enactment of this expert consensus is intended to foster the profound integration and sustainable advancement of artificial intelligence within the medical domain, while simultaneously ensuring that artificial intelligence adheres strictly to the relevant ethical norms and legal frameworks during the processing of medical data.
Artificial Intelligence/legislation & jurisprudence* ; Humans ; Consensus ; Computer Security/standards* ; Confidentiality/ethics* ; Informed Consent/ethics*

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of free anterolateral thigh perforator flap(ALTPF) in reconstruction of temporal scalp defect after blood circulation reconstruction surgery for moyamoya disease.Methods:From May 2020 to July 2022, 7 patients with scalp defect after revascularisation of moyamoya disease were treated in Department of Hand and Foot Microsurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital (People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University). The patients were 4 males and 3 females, aged 33-59 years old, at 43 years old in average. There were 5 defects in left tempus and 2 in right tempus. The sizes of scalp defect were 4.5 cm × 5.5 cm-7.5 cm × 9.5 cm. Debridement and VSD management were primarily performed. After wounds were stabilised, ultrasound location of perforator vessels of ALTPFs was performed. Having confirmed that the perforator vessels were suitable for the surgical requirements, flap transfers were then performed. The descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex artery was end-to-side anastomosed with the superficial temporal artery, and the descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex vein was end-to-end anastomosed with the superficial temporal vein. Postoperative follow-up was conducted through outpatient clinic visits, telephone and WeChat reviews. Appearance, texture of ALTPFs and the flap donor sites were observed in follow-ups. Comparisons of the changes of nervous system before and after surgery were made. Cognitive function of the patients was assessed with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), together with the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) .Results:All 7 flaps survived. One flap had vascular compromise 6 hours after surgery, and was rectified after surgical intervention. All the patients were included in the postoperative follow-up for 7-33 (average 19) months. All flaps had good appearance with soft texture. There was no obvious difference in colour comparing with the skin around the recipient region. The donor sites healed well without hypertrophic scar. Examinations of nervous system of the patients were found the same as that before surgery. Using Manual Muscle Testing (MMT), the average limb muscle strength of the patients was 4 before surgery and 4 after surgery, without change; Using the Ashworth assessment scale, the average preoperative and postoperative limb muscle tension in this group of patients was 1, without change; The Berg balance scale was used to evaluate the patient's balance function, with an average score of 42 before surgery and 42 after surgery, without any changes; There was no change in limb sensation before and after surgery; Using the MMSE, the average preoperative score and postoperative score of this group of patients were 25 points, without any change. Using the modified Barthel index scoring standard, the average preoperative score for this group of patients was 75 points, and the average postoperative score was 79 points, and the ADL of the patient had improved to various levels.Conclusion:Reconstruction of scalp defect with free ALTPF after revascularisation of moyamoya disease has obvious advantages, such as it closes the wound quickly, prevents infection and achieves a good appearance. This surgical procedure can produce a good clinical effect.

The clinical data of a child with ABCB1 rs1045642 T/T genotype and skin photosensitivity induced by Voriconazole were analyzed retrospectively in Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University in September 2020.Literature was reviewed to discuss the relationship between ABCB1 genetic polymorphism and Voriconazole pharmacokinetics.The patient was a 6.8-year-old boy, who was diagnosed with primary immunodeficiency disease.Long-term oral Voriconazole was administered for prevention and treatment of fungal infections.Skin photodistributed erythema and pigmentation occurred about 3-4 weeks after treatment.The skin lesions were significantly alleviated about 1 month after the withdrawal of Voriconazole.Gene test showed ABCB1 rs1045642 T/T in the patient.Some studies reported that ABCB1 rs1045642 T/T genotype reduced the clearance rate of Voriconazole.Monitoring such adverse reaction of Voriconazole in clinical practice is important. ABCB1 gene polymorphism is possible to correlate with the pharmacokinetics and adverse reactions of Voriconazole.However, further large-scale clinical studies are warranted to verify it.

Objective:To investigate the surgical method and clinical effect of one-stage repair of soft tissue defects of dorsum of hand and multiple fingers by using the polyfoliate conjoined anterolateral thigh perforator flap (ALTP) .Methods:From November, 2015 to September, 2019, 9 cases of soft tissue defects of dorsum of hand and multiple fingers were treated, including 8 males and 1 female. The average age was 32 years old. Causes of injury: 4 cases of thermal injury, 3 cases of strangulation injury, and 2 cases of traffic accident injury. Location of injury: 7 cases of right hand, 2 cases of left hand. Three cases of dorsum of hand with 1st-4th fingers, 3 cases with 2nd-5th fingers, 2 cases with 2nd-4th fingers, and 1 case with 3rd-5th fingers; All with bone, joint and tendon exposure. There were 6 cases with fracture or joint dislocation. All of them had no obvious defect of bone and joint. VSD was used to cover them after debridement. According to the shape and size of the wound, all flaps were designed to repair the soft tissue defect as the polyfoliate conjoined ALTP. The flap size was 7 cm×13 cm-12 cm×17 cm. Regular outpatient, telephone and Wechat follow-up were carried out to evaluate the flap survival, appearance, color elasticity, donor scar, sensory recovery, finger function recovery and patient satisfaction.Results:Nine cases of flap survived well. The average followed-up time was 12 (6-18) months. The postoperative followed-up revealed satisfactory shapes of the flaps, protective touch and recovery of functions. The donor site had good healing and no effect on function. In the last followed-up, according to the trial criteria for function evaluation of upper limbs by Chinese Society of Hand Surgery, 5 cases were excellent, 3 cases were good, and 1 case was fair. The hand function recovered well and returned to work and daily life on average 6 weeks after operation.Conclusion:The polyfoliate conjoined ALTP can repair the soft tissue defect of hand dorsum with multiple fingers at one stage, and the flap is in good shape. There is no need to divide the fingers. It is one of the ideal methods to repair the soft tissue defect of hand dorsum.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of turning holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (THoLEP) and transurethral holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods A retrospective analysis of 532 patients with BPH surgery from January 2016 to December 2017 was performed,including 289 cases of transurethral resection of holmium laser enucleation (THoLEP) and 43 cases of transurethral holmium laser enucleation (HoLEP).Cases with incomplete data were excluded.Finally,100 patients were enrolled and divided into THoLEP group and HoLEP.The mean ages of patients in the THoLEP group and the HoLEP group were (74.6 ± 8.2) years and (75.3 ± 7.7) years,respectively.The prostate weights were (52.3 ± 23.1) g and (52.6 ± 22.7) g,respectively.International prostate symptom scores (IPSS) were (22.8 ± 1.3) and (23.1 ± 1.6),and the quality of life score (QOL) scores were (4.4 ± 0.5) and (4.3 ± 0.8),respectively.The rate of mximum flow rate (Qmax) was (5.9 ± 2.7) ml/s and (6.3 ± 2.8) mL/s,respectively.The residual urine volume was (149.3 ± 8.7) ml and (145.3 ± 9.7) ml,respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Results Compared with HoLEP group,THoLEP group showed shorter operation time [(44 ± 13) min vs.(61 ± 15) min,P ＜ 0.05] and less intraoperative bleeding [(101.6 ± 13.2) ml vs.(119.9 ± 18.0) ml,P ＜ 0.05].The weight of the resected tissue in the THoLEP group was slightly larger than that in the HoLEP group,however the difference was not statistically significant [(30.5 ± 9.5) g vs.(28.7 ± 8.5) g] (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of transient urinary incontinence in THoLEP group was less than that in HoLEP group [2 and 4 cases,P ＜ 0.05].There were no cases of urinary incontinence in both groups after 3 months,and no permanent urinary incontinence in both groups.THoLEP was slightly better than HoLEP group,but the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞0.05).Conclusions Compared with HoLEP,THoLEP has similar short-term results,and has more advantages in shortening the operation time,reducing intraoperative bleeding and transient urinary incontinence.It is a safer and effective method for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Development of new radiopharmaceuticals is crucial for the advance of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the development of radiopharmaceuticals based on radioactive metal nuclides such as ⁶⁴Cu. Copper is a transition metal element necessary for human physiology. Disorders of copper metabolism not only cause hereditary Wilson disease and Menkes disease, but also play an important role in the development of malignant tumors. In addition to radiolabeling for probes, ⁶⁴Cu can be used for PET diagnostic imaging of copper metabolism disorders. ⁶⁴CuCl₂ is a useful radiotracer that can be used to track the dynamic flow of copper ions in human body copper metabolism by PET imaging. In recent years, many preclinical and clinical studies of ⁶⁴CuCl₂ radiotracer have achieved good results, and have attracted a lot of attention in the field of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging. In this article, the progress in the development of ⁶⁴CuCl₂ as a radiotracer for PET diagnostic imaging of hereditary copper metabolism disorders and copper hypermetabolic tumors is reviewed, and further research studies and potential clinical application of ⁶⁴CuCl₂ PET/CT imaging is prospected.