OBJECTIVES: To construct an intelligent analysis model for classifying fetal orientation during intrapartum ultrasound videos based on multi-feature fusion. METHODS: The proposed model consists of the Input, Backbone Network and Classification Head modules. The Input module carries out data augmentation to improve the sample quality and generalization ability of the model. The Backbone Network was responsible for feature extraction based on Yolov8 combined with CBAM, ECA, PSA attention mechanism and AIFI feature interaction module. The Classification Head consists of a convolutional layer and a softmax function to output the final probability value of each class. The images of the key structures (the eyes, face, head, thalamus, and spine) were annotated with frames by physicians for model training to improve the classification accuracy of the anterior occipital, posterior occipital, and transverse occipital orientations. RESULTS: The experimental results showed that the proposed model had excellent performance in the tire orientation classification task with the classification accuracy reaching 0.984, an area under the PR curve (average accuracy) of 0.993, and area under the ROC curve of 0.984, and a kappa consistency test score of 0.974. The prediction results by the deep learning model were highly consistent with the actual classification results. CONCLUSIONS The multi-feature fusion model proposed in this study can efficiently and accurately classify fetal orientation in intrapartum ultrasound videos.
Humans ; Female ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods* ; Pregnancy ; Fetus/diagnostic imaging* ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Video Recording

Microsurgery is not only a technology, but also a science. Microsurgery was enlisted as a tier-three discipline in the Classification of National Clinical Medicine Disciplines (Discipline code 320.2715) in 1992. In the new era, the discipline development of microsurgery should be inherited, innovated, realistic and pragmatic, and it also relies on the other surgical specialties to expand the applications of microsurgery. Microsurgery technology should firmly adhere to its core competitiveness and hold high the banner of microsurgical characteristics by offering the best possible serves to all the clinical surgical disciplines; Pay equal attention to medicine, teaching and scientific researches; Unite, collaborate and strengthen academic exchanges at home and abroad; Focus on talent training (i.e. exports of great country, leading figures, etc.) and support the development of private hospitals specialised in microsurgery. The supportive roles of the Chinese Journal of Microsurgery shall be further enforced to facilitate the discipline development of microsurgery and promoting high-quality development of microsurgery.

In 1963, the successful replantation of severed limbs in China was firstly reported in the world, and it opened a new era of microsurgery. In the past 60 years, Chinese microsurgery scholars had created numerous world firsts. Microsurgery is an advantage and characteristic clinical subject in China. We should continue to innovate and correctly position the clinical application of microsurgery technology, constantly expand the business space, serve the grass-roots level, educate new people, develop technologies and techniques, improve skills, strengthen communication.

Objective:To analyze the data of vision acuity from primary and secondary school students in different regions in China in a screening program performed by Huaxia Eye Hospital, and to investigate the prevalence and incidence of myopia among them.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Cross-sectional and cohort analysis of the visual acuity and refraction data of primary and secondary school students in China from 2019 to 2021 from Huaxia Eye Hospital was carried out.Myopia was defined as one eye with the uncorrected visual acuity less than 5.0 and a spherical equivalent <-0.50 D in the screening.The frequency of screening, the number of people, the distribution of vision acuity, and the distribution of myopia among subjects were compared by sexes, grades and regions, and the prevalence and incidence of myopia was analyzed.Standard logarithmic visual acuity chart was used for visual examination and automatic computerized optometry was used for refractive examination.Screening process was consistent in the study.This study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University (No.XMYKZX-KY-2019-011). The written informed consent was obtained from subjects or their guardians after explaining the examination procedure, methods and purpose prior to any medical examination.Results:A total of 4 027 schools in 51 cities of 19 provinces covering 4.556 million people were included in the vision study.The prevalence of myopia in screening was 64.85% in primary and secondary school population generally, 54.0% in primary school, 78.18% in junior high school and 87.05% in senior high school.There were statistical differences in the prevalence of screening myopia in different education stages ( χ2=100.7, P<0.001). The prevalence rate in females was higher than that in males ( χ2=5 557.5, P<0.001). The incidence of myopia within a year was 18.68% in primary and secondary schools, which was 16.57% in East China, 6.07% in Central China and North China, 15.11% in Southwest and Northwest China, 9.19% in South China, and there was a statistically significant differences among them ( χ2=1 200.9, P<0.001). Conclusions:The prevalence and incidence of myopia in primary and secondary school students are still high and vary with educational stages and regional factors.Scientific prevention and control of myopia should consider the two factors.

Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is one of the most frequent genetic abnormalities and the leading genetic cause of nonobstructive azoospermia. The breeding and study of KS mouse models are essential to advancing our knowledge of the underlying pathological mechanism. Karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization are reliable methods for identifying chromosomal contents. However, technical issues associated with these methods can decrease the efficiency of breeding KS mouse models and limit studies that require rapid identification of target mice. To overcome these limitations, we developed three polymerase chain reaction-based assays to measure specific genetic information, including presence or absence of the sex determining region of chromosome Y (Sry), copy number of amelogenin, X-linked (Amelx), and inactive X specific transcripts (Xist) levels. Through a combined analysis of the assay results, we can infer the karyotype of target mice. We confirmed the utility of our assays with the successful generation of KS mouse models. Our assays are rapid, inexpensive, high capacity, easy to perform, and only require small sample amounts. Therefore, they facilitate the breeding and study of KS mouse models and help advance our knowledge of the pathological mechanism underlying KS.
Animals ; Azoospermia ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Karyotyping ; Klinefelter Syndrome/genetics* ; Mice ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Chinese Journal of Microsurgery, based on the premise of doing well in the prevention and control of COVID-19 pandemics, shall keep on driving on the inheritance and innovation, carry forward the spirit of microsurgery, give full play to the advantages of microsurgery technology and improve the level of surgical repair and reconstruction, as well as try new ways for academic communications and give full play to the roles of an academic platform for a professional magazine; Clinical Orthopaedic Microsurgery(internal communication), the internal journal of editorial office, is the "showcase in China" to highlight and disseminate the achievements in microsurgery, focus on the support for the Chinese young microsurgeons who work in the front-line of medical services, provide a platform effectively for the young microsurgeons in China to actively participate in the Sino-English literary exchange, and truly "publish the papers on the land of our motherland".

Conventional wisdom holds that the central nervous system (CNS) does not have lymphatic vessels or lymphatic circulation, and it lacks lymphatic pathways to clear brain metabolites. However, with the development of study in intracranial clearance, it has been discovered that there are lymphatic systems in CNS, including glymphatic pathway and it meningeal lymphatic vessels. It further reveals the exchange system between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid (ISF). It also closely relates to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, age-related changes of brain, traumatic brain injury, circulatory diseases and tumors. In the past 10 years, the research in CNS has been a hot spot in life sciences. This article aims to explain the research progress from the aspects of the discovery of glymphatic system, anatomical structure and function, and relationship with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objective To explore the feasibility and potential application value of establishing the neonatal pig models of islet transplantation under the renal capsule. Methods Nine wild-type neonatal Duroc pigs were selected, including 1 animal as the control (p6307), 6 as islet transplant donors and 2 as islet transplant recipients (p6210, p6207). After islet isolation and differentiation in vitro, islet transplantation under the renal capsule of the pig was performed. Immunosuppressive therapy of tacrolimus (Tac) combined with sirolimus was given after operation. Postoperative body weight, blood glucose and serum creatinine levels of the recipients were monitored. The p6210 recipient neonatal pig was sacrificed at postoperative 4 weeks, while the p6207 recipient and the control neonatal pig were sacrificed at postoperative 8 weeks. The islet grafts under the renal capsule were collected for pathological staining and insulin immunofluorescent staining. Results After islet transplantation under the renal capsule of the pigs, the growth rate of body weight of the recipients was significantly slower than that of the control neonatal pig, accompanied with intermittent symptoms, such as anorexia and diarrhea, etc. However, the blood glucose and serum creatinine levels of the recipients did not significantly differ from preoperative levels and those of the control neonatal pig. Evident islet mass was observed under the renal capsule of the p6210 recipient. Pathological staining and insulin immunofluorescent staining confirmed that the islet mass had the function of secreting insulin, whereas no obvious islet mass could be seen under the renal capsule of the p6207 recipient. Pathological staining detected no evident islet mass, suggesting the possibility of islet transplantation failure caused by rejection in the p6207 recipient. Conclusions The establishment of neonatal pig models of islet transplantation under the renal capsule is a feasible technique, which provides preliminary evidence for the establishment of composite islet-kidney donor graft in pig models for xenotransplantation in the treatment of end-stage diabetic nephropathy.

To prepare and optimize the self-microemulsion co-loaded with tenuifolin and β-asarone(TF/ASA-SMEDDS) and evaluate its quality. The prescription compositions of TF/ASA-SMEDDS were screened by solubility test, single factor test and pseudo-tern-ary phase diagram, and the prescriptions were further optimized by Box-Behnken response surface method, with the drug loading and particle size as the evaluation indexes. Then the optimized TF/ASA-SMEDDS was evaluated for emulsified appearance, particle size, morphology and drug release in vitro. The optimized prescription for TF/ASA-SMEDDS was as follows: caprylic citrate triglyceride polyoxyethylene castor oil-glycerol(10.8∶39.2∶50), drug loading of(5.563±0.065) mg·g~(-1) for tenuifolin and(5.526±0.022) mg·g~(-1) for β-asarone; uniform and transparent pan-blue nanoemulsion can be formed after emulsification, with particle size of(28.84±0.44) nm. TEM showed that TF/ASA-SMEDDS can form spherical droplets with a uniform particle size after emulsification; In vitro release test results showed that the drug release rate and cumulative release of tenuifolin and β-asarone were significantly improved. The preparation process of TF/ASA-SMEDDS was simple and can effectively improve in vitro release of tenuifolin and β-asarone.
Anisoles ; Biological Availability ; Diterpenes, Kaurane ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Emulsions ; Particle Size ; Solubility ; Surface-Active Agents

In and from year 2020, we will work on an enthusiastic initiative: to make the Chinese Journal of Microsurgery a world leading sci-tech journal by executing our new mission "inheritance, innovation, unity, cooperation and internationalization" . Two special columns will be created: World Masters in Microsurgery and Pioneers of Microsurgery in China. We will start to compile a bilingual Bibliographic Index of Literatures in Microsurgery in China (Chinese and English), and publish a commemorative album which includes all the successive members of the editorial boards of the Chinese Journal of Microsurgery. A new academic and communicational forum will be established through a series of academic seminars held by the Chinese Journal of Microsurgery. In addition, we will start professional training programs for the surgeons and junior surgeons who work in the first-line of care in microsurgery, assist and enable them to participate international academic events and build/establish cooperation with their international counterparts. In line with international standards, we will apply bilingual titles and abstracts of articles in both Chinese and English, and add English interpretations/translations to all the references listed in Chinese. We will continue to keep our best work to make our journal being listed by the Medline hence to fulfil international involvement.