Objective: To investigate the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms and their co-occurrence among secondary vocational school students and to examine their associations with physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST), so as to provide evidence for promoting mental health of the students. Methods: From September to December 2024, a convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 5 141 students across 16 secondary vocational schools in eight provincial level regions of China, including Fujian, Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shanghai, and Zhejiang. Information on general demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, and depressive and anxiety symptoms was collected using questionnaires. Multivariable Logistic regression model was used to analyze the associations of PA, ST with depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their co-occurrence. Results: The detection rates of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their co-occurrence among secondary vocational school students were 22.2%, 12.2%, and 10.5%, respectively. Univariate analyses showed that sex, left behind experience, maternal education level, family economic status, body mass index category, family structure, smoking, alcohol consumption, sugar sweetened beverage intake, eating takeout, sleep duration, PA, and ST were associated with the detection rates of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their cooccurrence ( χ 2=3.94-110.51, all P <0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression analyses showed that failure to meet the PA recommendation was associated with higher risks of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their co-occurrence ( OR =1.44, 1.33, 1.25); failure to meet the daily ST recommendation was associated with higher risks of anxiety symptoms and co-occurring depressive and anxiety symptoms ( OR = 1.51,1.76) (all P < 0.05 ). Combined analysis showed that, compared with the group meeting both PA and ST guidelines, students who met neither guideline, and those who failed the PA guideline but met the ST guideline had higher risks of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and their co-occurrence ( OR =1.88-2.96); students who met PA recommendation but failed ST guidelines had higher risks of anxiety symptoms and co-occurring depressive and anxiety symptoms ( OR =2.03, 2.46) (all P <0.05). Conclusions Insufficient PA is associated with depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their co-occurrence among secondary vocational school students, whereas excessive screen time is associated with anxiety symptoms and co-occurring depressive and anxiety symptoms. These associations are more pronounced when insufficient PA and excessive screen time occurred simultaneously.

In recent years,the Ross procedure has been increasingly applied in the treatment of aortic valve disease in children and young patients.However,right ventricular outflow tract(RVOT)reconstruction in this procedure often relies on allogeneic or artificial materials,which may lead to complications such as calcification and valve dysfunction.This article reports a case of protective Ross procedure using completely autologous tissue to construct a right ventricular-pulmonary artery(RV-PA)conduit.The patient was an 11-year-old male who presented with severe aortic stenosis combined with regurgitation.During the operation,his dilated ascending aortic wall and fresh pericardium were used to construct an autologous valved conduit for RV-PA reconstruction.This innovative technique achieves RV-PA reconstruction without allogeneic tissue,provides a new technical approach for the Ross procedure.Short-term results are satisfactory and the medium-and long-term outcomes require further follow-up verification.

OBJECTIVES: The purinergic receptor P2X2 (P2RX2) encodes an ATP-gated ion channel permeable to Na⁺, K⁺, and especially Ca²⁺. Loss-of-function mutations in P2RX2 are known to cause autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness 41 (DFNA41), which manifests as high-frequency hearing loss, accelerated presbycusis, and increased susceptibility to noise-induced damage. Zebrafish, owing to their small size, rapid development, high fecundity, transparent embryos, and high gene conservation with humans, provide an ideal model for studying human diseases and developmental mechanisms. This study aims to generate a p2rx2 knockout zebrafish model using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system to investigate the effect of p2rx2 deficiency on the auditory system, providing a basis for understanding P2RX2-related hearing loss and developing gene therapy strategies. METHODS: Two CRISPR targets (sgRNA1 and sgRNA2) spaced 47 bp apart were designed within the zebrafish p2rx2 gene. Synthesized sgRNAs and Cas9 protein were microinjected into single-cell stage Tübingen (TU)-strain zebrafish embryos. PCR and gel electrophoresis verified editing efficiency at 36 hours post-fertilization (hpf). Surviving embryos were raised to adulthood (F0), tail-clipped, genotyped, and screened for positive mosaics. F1 heterozygotes were generated by outcrossing, and F2 homozygous mutants were obtained by intercrossing. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with sequencing verified mutation type and heritability. At 5 days post-fertilization (dpf), YO-PRO-1 staining was used to examine hair cell morphology and count in lateral line neuromasts and the otolith region. Auditory evoked potential (AEP) thresholds at 600, 800, 1 000, and 2 000 Hz were measured in nine 4-month-old wild type and mutant zebrafish per group. RESULTS: A stable p2rx2 knockout zebrafish line was successfully established. Sequencing revealed a 66 bp insertion at the first target site introducing a premature stop codon (TAA), leading to early termination of protein translation and loss of function. Embryos developed normally with no gross malformations. At 5 dpf, mutants exhibited significantly reduced hair cell density in the otolith region compared with wild type, although lateral line neuromasts were unaffected. AEP testing showed significantly elevated auditory thresholds at all 4 frequencies in homozygous mutants compared with wild type (all P<0.001), indicating reduced hearing sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS We successfully generated a p2rx2 loss-of-function zebrafish model using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. p2rx2 deficiency caused hair cell defects in the otolith region and increased auditory thresholds across frequencies, indicating its key role in maintaining zebrafish auditory hair cell function and hearing perception. The phenotype's restriction to the otolith region suggests tissue-specific roles of p2rx2 in sensory organs. This model provides a valuable tool for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of P2RX2-related hearing loss and for screening otoprotective drugs and developing gene therapies.
Animals ; Zebrafish/genetics* ; Receptors, Purinergic P2X2/deficiency* ; CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics* ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Phenotype ; Zebrafish Proteins/genetics* ; Disease Models, Animal

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) is significantly expressed in various tissues such as the liver, kidney, myocardium, and skeletal muscle, which plays a central role in the development of various diseases by regulating key physiological processes such as energy homeostasis, redox balance, inflammatory response, and ferroptosis. As an important metabolic and excretory organ of the body, renal dysfunction can lead to water and electrolyte imbalance, toxin accumulation, and multiple system complications. The causes of kidney injury are complex and diverse, including acute injury factors (such as ischemia/reperfusion, nephrotoxic drugs, septic shock, and immune glomerulopathy), as well as chronic progressive causes [such as metabolic disease-related nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy (HN)], and risk factors such as alcohol abuse, obesity, and aging. This review briefly describes the structure, function, and activity regulation mechanism of PPAR-α, systematically elucidates the molecular regulatory network of PPAR-α in the pathological process of kidney injury including acute kidney injury (AKI) such as renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), drug-induced AKI, sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI), glomerulonephritis, chronic kidney disease (CKD) such as diabetic nephropathy (DN), HN, and other kidney injury, and summarizes the mechanisms related to PPAR-α regulation of kidney injury, including regulation of metabolism, antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis, and anti-ferroptosis. This review also evaluates PPAR-α's medical value as a novel therapeutic target, and aims to provide theoretical basis for the development of kidney protection strategies based on PPAR-α targeted intervention.
Humans ; PPAR alpha/metabolism* ; Acute Kidney Injury/therapy* ; Animals ; Kidney/metabolism*

Background: The function of CD69 expressed on T cells in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains unclear. We aimed to elucidate the roles of CD69 on T cells in the disease process and in antiviral therapy for CHB. Methods: We enrolled 335 treatment-naive patients with CHB and 93 patients with CHB on antiviral therapy. CD69, antiviral cytokine production by T cells, T-helper (Th) cells, and inhibitory molecules of T cells were measured using flow cytometry, and clinical-virological characteristics were examined dynamically during antiviral therapy. Results: CD69 expression on CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells was the lowest in the immune-active phase and was negatively correlated with liver transaminase activity, fibrosis features, inflammatory cytokine production by T cells, and Th-cell frequencies but positively with inhibitory molecules on T cells. CD69 expression on CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells decreased after 48 weeks of antiviral therapy, and patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion in week 48 showed lower CD69 expression on T cells at baseline and week 48. The area under the ROC curve of CD69 expression on T cells at baseline for predicting HBeAg seroconversion in week 48 was 0.870, the sensitivity was 0.909, and the specificity was 0.714 (P = 0.002). Conclusions CD69 negatively regulates T-cell immunity during CHB, and its expression decreases with antiviral therapy. CD69 expression predicts HBeAg seroconversion in week 48. CD69 may play an important negative role in regulating T cells and affect the efficacy of antiviral therapy.

OBJECTIVE To conduct a literature review of one case of follicular lymphoma complicated with iliac bone Cryptococcus neoformans infection so as to raise the understanding of such pathogen in the field of HIV-negative Hodgkin's/non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.METHODS The clinical data were collected from one case of follicular lymphoma patient complicated with C.neoformans infection who was treated in Xinrui Hospital of Xin-wu District,Wuxi City on Feb.24,2023 and retrospectively analyzed.All of relevant literatures regarding to the subject were retrieved in Pubmed,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP databases,and the clinical data of the patients with HIV-negative Hodgkin's/non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with C.neoformans infection were screened out and summa-rized.RESULTS The case was a 28-year-old male and had the underlying disease of follicular lymphoma.The C.neoformans was detected by iliac bone histopathology and metagenome next generation sequencing(mNGS).The condition of the patient improved after the treatment with amphotericin B cholesterol sulphate com-pound and fluconazole.A total of 28 patients,with this case included,were involved in the literature review,23 of whom were male,and 5 were female,and the age ranged between 16 and 79 years old.With respect to major in-fection sites,there were 15(53.57％)cases of cerebral infection,9(32.14％)cases of blood infections,7(25.00％)cases of pulmonary infection,4(14.285％)cases of skin infections,2(7.14％)cases of muscle tis-sue infections,2(7.14％)cases of pleural effusion infections,2(7.14％)cases of bone infections and 1(3.57％)case of bone marrow infection.Totally 11 patients had disseminated Cryptococcus infection,accounting for 39.28％.CONCLUSIONS The C.neoformans infection is seldom detected in the patients with HIV-negative Hodgkin's/non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.The brain is the major infection site with the high probability of dissemina-ted infection.It is necessary for the hospital to deepen the understanding of the pathogen in the field of HIV-negative Hodgkin's/non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of noninvasive matrix RF technology in promoting functional rehabilitation of the pelvic floor in postpartum women who have undergone natural delivery.Methods A prospective study was conducted on 80 nulliparous women who underwent spontaneous vaginal delivery at the hospital from January 2022 to April 2023.Participants were randomly allocated into a control group and an observation group,each comprising 40 individuals,using the random number table method.The control group received biofeedback electrical stimulation therapy,while the observation group was treated with non-invasive matrix radiofrequency(RF)technology.Both groups were assessed for pelvic floor muscle strength,pelvic floor structural parameters(levator hiatus area,levator muscle thickness),and levator ani muscle[measured by the maximum value of Young's modulus(Emax)in both resting and contracting states]before treatment,after one session,and at the end of the treatment period.At the conclusion of the treatment,vaginal lubrication and vaginal sensitivity were evaluated using the Female Sexual Function Index(FSFI).Additionally,the incidence of adverse events was compared between the two groups before and after the completion of treatment.Results After one treatment,there were no significant changes in pelvic floor muscle strength,levator ani muscle hiatus area,and levator ani muscle thickness in the control group compared to pre-treatment levels(P>0.05).In contrast,the observation group showed significant improvements in pelvic floor muscle strength and levator ani muscle thickness compared to pre-treatment levels,while the levator ani muscle hiatus area was significantly reduced(P<0.05).Additionally,at this point,the pelvic floor muscle strength and levator ani muscle thickness in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,whereas the levator ani muscle hiatus area was significantly smaller(P<0.05).By the end of the treatment,both groups demonstrated further improvements in pelvic floor muscle strength and levator ani muscle thickness compared to pre-treatment and post-first-treatment levels,with a continued reduction in the levator ani muscle hiatus area.Notably,the observation group consistently exhibited superior outcomes in all three parameters compared to the control group(P<0.05).At the end of treatment,the Emax differences in the subpubic branch,abdominal muscles,and posterior hypothalamus were significantly greater than those before and after a single treatment session in both groups(P<0.05).Moreover,the Emax differences in these regions were significantly higher in the observation group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Post-treatment,both groups showed increased scores for vaginal lubrication,vaginal sensitivity,and FSFI,with more pronounced improvements observed in the observation group(P<0.05).Following treatment,no significant differences were noted between the two groups regarding the incidence of urinary incontinence,lumbosacral pain,uterine prolapse,and vaginal wall bulge(P>0.05).However,the observa-tion group exhibited a lower frequency of adverse events compared to the control group(P<0.05).Additionally,maternal rehabilitation satisfaction was 100%(40/40)in the observation group,which was significantly higher than 85.00%(34/40)in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions The application of noninvasive matrix RF technology in the rehabilitation of pelvic floor muscle function in postpartum women who have undergone vaginal delivery demonstrates rapid efficacy.It can enhance pelvic floor muscle strength within a short period,restore pelvic floor structure,and significantly improve vaginal lubrication and sensitivity,thereby enhancing sexual well-being.

OBJECTIVE To conduct a literature review of one case of follicular lymphoma complicated with iliac bone Cryptococcus neoformans infection so as to raise the understanding of such pathogen in the field of HIV-negative Hodgkin's/non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.METHODS The clinical data were collected from one case of follicular lymphoma patient complicated with C.neoformans infection who was treated in Xinrui Hospital of Xin-wu District,Wuxi City on Feb.24,2023 and retrospectively analyzed.All of relevant literatures regarding to the subject were retrieved in Pubmed,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP databases,and the clinical data of the patients with HIV-negative Hodgkin's/non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with C.neoformans infection were screened out and summa-rized.RESULTS The case was a 28-year-old male and had the underlying disease of follicular lymphoma.The C.neoformans was detected by iliac bone histopathology and metagenome next generation sequencing(mNGS).The condition of the patient improved after the treatment with amphotericin B cholesterol sulphate com-pound and fluconazole.A total of 28 patients,with this case included,were involved in the literature review,23 of whom were male,and 5 were female,and the age ranged between 16 and 79 years old.With respect to major in-fection sites,there were 15(53.57％)cases of cerebral infection,9(32.14％)cases of blood infections,7(25.00％)cases of pulmonary infection,4(14.285％)cases of skin infections,2(7.14％)cases of muscle tis-sue infections,2(7.14％)cases of pleural effusion infections,2(7.14％)cases of bone infections and 1(3.57％)case of bone marrow infection.Totally 11 patients had disseminated Cryptococcus infection,accounting for 39.28％.CONCLUSIONS The C.neoformans infection is seldom detected in the patients with HIV-negative Hodgkin's/non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.The brain is the major infection site with the high probability of dissemina-ted infection.It is necessary for the hospital to deepen the understanding of the pathogen in the field of HIV-negative Hodgkin's/non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

OBJECTIVE To explore the indexes affecting the prognosis of the ICU patients with sepsis,establish the nomogram model for prediction of 28-day mortality rate,and validate it.METHODS On the basis of criteria for diagnosis of sepsis(3.0 version),the related data of the sepsis patients were extracted from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-Ⅳ(MIMIC-Ⅳ)database for retrospective study and were randomly divided into the train-ing set and the validation set in a 7∶3 ratio.Univariate analysis and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analysis were performed for the screening of influencing factors for prediction of 28-day mortality of the sepsis pa-tients.The nomogram prediction model was established based on the screened factors and was validated by the val-idation set,and the effect was evaluated.RESULTS A total of 7 955 sepsis patients were included.Seven variables were selected to establish the nomogram model for prediction of the 28-day mortality rate.The nomogram showed favorable performance in identification between the two cohorts,the area under receiver operating characteristic curves(AUROCs)were 0.748 and 0.721,respectively.Calibration curves and Hosmer-Lemeshow test(x2=8.689,10.614;P=0.369,0.225)indicated that the model had remarkable effect on correction.With the per-formance of decision curve analysis(DCA)and clinical impact curve(CIC),the model was considered to have high clinical application value.CONCLUSIONS The nomogram model shows favorable performance in prediction of the 28-day mortality rate and calibration capability.It is worthy to be further promoted and applied.

The observation of eye expression is an important aspect of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis.Traditional Chinese medicine proposes the original proposition that"the eyes are the messenger of the heart",suggesting that eye expression reflects the external manifestation of mental consciousness and cognitive activities.Research has shown that eye expression can directly reflect brain function and cognitive abilities,serving as a biological marker for pathological changes in brain structure and playing an important role in early diagnosis of mental disorders.In recent years,scholars have paid increasing attention to eye tracking technology as an objective tool for measuring eye expression.This paper outlines the theoretical basis of using traditional Chinese medicine's observation of eye expression for diagnosing mental disorders,and analyzes the current application status of eye tracking technology in diagnosing conditions such as depression,schizophrenia,and autism spectrum disorder.It is hoped that this review will provide insights for future research on applying objective methods to traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis through observing eye expressions.