Onco-critical care has emerged as an important subspecialty at the intersection of critical care medicine and oncology, attracting increasing attention in recent years. With continuous innovations in cancer therapies, patient survival has improved significantly; however, the incidence of associated critical complications has also increased. The reasons for cancer patients requiring intensive care unit admission are diverse and can be broadly categorized into three groups: progression of the underlying malignancy, treatment-related complications, and coexisting classical critical illnesses. Traditional critical care concepts and practices face limitations in addressing the multidimensional and heterogeneous challenges of onco-critical care. Based on the core mechanism of critical illness development—host/organ unregulated response (HOUR)—this article systematically elaborates on how this framework advances understanding and clinical practice into onco-critical care, with emphasis on its manifestations in neuroendocrine, immune-inflammatory, and coagulation-metabolic pathways. The review summarizes recent advances in clinical assessment and phenotyping systems for onco-critical illness and discusses a multidisciplinary, integrated management strategy centered on the "Disease Control, Host Response Modulation, Organ Support" triad. Finally, major challenges and future directions in this field are outlined. By integrating existing evidence and theoretical insights, this review aims to provide new perspectives and a theoretical foundation for the clinical management of onco-critical illness, thereby promoting its evolution toward precision and standardization.

With the rapid advancement of hemodynamic indices and monitoring technologies, their classification methods and application processes have become increasingly complex. Currently, no unified standard hasbeen established, making it difficult to fully meet the clinical requirements for hemodynamic management. To assist in hemodynamic monitoring assessment and therapeutic decision-making in critically ill patients, the Critical Hemodynamic Therapy Collaborative Group, in conjunction with the Critical Ultrasound Study Group, has jointly developed the Standard for the Application of Hemodynamic Monitoring Techniques in Critical Care. The first part of this standard systematically categorizes hemodynamic indicators into flow indicators, pressure and its derivative indicators, and tissue perfusion indicators, while elaborating on the clinical application of each. The second part establishes a standardized clinical implementation pathway for hemodynamic monitoring. It proposes a tiered monitoring strategy-comprising basic, advanced, indication-specific, and special scenario monitoring-tailored to different clinical settings. It emphasizes the central role of critical care ultrasound across all levels of monitoring and establishes hemodynamic assessment standards for organs such as the brain, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract. This standard aims to provide a unified framework for clinical practice, teaching, training, and research in critical care medicine, thereby promoting standardized development within the discipline.

When patients with malignant tumors are in the terminal stage of life, palliative care centered on the patient and their family plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life for advanced cancer patients and their families. As the core practitioners of palliative care, oncology nurses' cognition and practice of palliative care are closely related to the quality of palliative care for cancer patients. This paper analyzes the current state and influencing factors of the cognition and practice of palliative care from the perspective of oncology nurses and proposes improvement strategies, aiming to provide a reference for nursing managers to formulate targeted improvement programs and improve relevant systems.

AIM To evaluate the chemical constituent consistency in formula granules and traditional decoctions of Gouteng Jiangya Formula.METHODS HPLC characteristic chromatograms were established,the analysis was performed on a 30 ℃ thermostatic YMC-Triart C18 column(4.6 mm× 250 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.2％phosphoric acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 240 nm.Puerarin was used as an internal standard to calculate the relative correction factors of 3'-methoxy puerarin,puerarin apioside,magnolflorine,paeoniflora,daidzin,baicalin,palmatine,berberine,wogonoside and benzoylpaeoniflorin,after which the content detemination was made by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker(QAMS).RESULTS The characteristic chromatograms of 9 batches of formula granules and 15 bacthes of traditional decoctions demonstrated the similarities of more than 0.90 at the detection wavelengths of 192,210,240,260,280,300,320,360 nm,along with similar total peak areas.Eleven constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r＞0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 97.27％-101.64％with the RSDs of 0.36％-1.11％,the result obtained by QAMS and external standard method demonstrated no significant differences(P＞0.05).The contents of various constituents in the formula granules approximated those in the traditional decoctions.CONCLUSION The consistent kinds and contents of various constituents are obversable in formula granules and traditional decoctions of Gouteng Jiangya Formula,which can provide a reference for the reasonable clinical application of this formula.

Objective To explore the mechanism by which electroacupuncture improves ocular surface inflammation in dry eye mice.Methods 30 SPF-grade healthy male ICR mice were randomly divided into a blank group,a model group,a sham electroacupuncture group,a western medicine group and an electroacupuncture group,with 6 mice in each group.Mice in the blank group and other four groups were subcutaneously injected 200 μL of sterile physiological saline and 200 μL of scopolamine hydrobromide(0.5 mg dissolved in 0.2 mL of sterile physiological saline)at 8:00,11:00,14:00,and 17:00 every day for 35 consecutive days,respectively.From the 22nd day,mice in the sham electroacupunc-ture group were given blunt scalp acupuncture intervention at bilateral Jingming and Taiyang points,without subcutaneous penetration.In the western medicine group,fluorometholone eye drops were applied to both eyes of the mice at 8:00,13:00,and 18:00 daily,with 1 drop each time.Mice in the electroacupuncture group were given electroacupuncture in-tervention,with the same acupoint location and acupuncture time as the sham electroacupuncture group.The electroacu-puncture frequency was 2 Hz/20 Hz,the waves were sparse-dense and the intensity was 1 mA,once a day for 15 min.All groups were intervened for 14 days.The corneal fluorescein(FL)staining scores of mice in each group were detected be-fore modeling,after modeling,and after intervention.The corneal tissue morphology was observed under a light micro-scope.Immunohistochemistry staining and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)and receptor for advanced glyca-tion end products(RAGE)in the cornea,respectively.Results The FL scores of mice in model,sham electroacupunc-ture,western medicine,and electroacupuncture groups all significantly increased after modeling and intervention,com-pared with those before modeling(all P＜0.01).The FL scores of mice in electroacupuncture and western medicine groups significantly decreased after intervention,compared with those after modeling(both P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,electroacupuncture and western medicine groups showed a significant drop in FL score after intervention(both P＜0.01).HE staining showed that after intervention,mice in electroacupuncture and western medicine groups had a basically normal number of corneal epithelial layers,no obvious shedding of epithelial cells,and neatly arranged and slightly swollen collagen fibers in the stromal layer.The relative protein expression levels of HMGB1 and RAGE in the corneal tissue of both model and sham electroacupuncture groups were significantly higher than those of the blank group(allP＜0.01).The rela-tive protein expression levels of HMGB1 and RAGE in the corneal tissue of both electroacupuncture and western medicine groups were significantly lower than those of the model group(all P＜0.01).The relative mRNA expression levels of HMGB1 and RAGE in the corneal tissue of both model and sham electroacupuncture groups were significantly higher than those of the blank group(all P＜0.01).The relative mRNA expression levels of HMGB1 and RAGE in the corneal tissue of both electroacupuncture and western medicine groups were significantly lower than those of the model group(all P＜0.01).Conclusion Electroacupuncture mitigates corneal epithelial injury,reduces the expression of HMGB1 in the cor-neal tissue,inhibits the binding of HMGB1 and RAGE,and ultimately alleviates ocular surface inflammation responses of dry eye mice.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common male urological malignancies,in which bone metastasis of desmo-plasia-resistant prostate cancer is an important stage in the progression of the disease,which seriously affects the quality of life and survival of patients.With the development of nuclide therapy technology in recent years,223-Ra,as a new type of alpha-targeted therapy,has shown good efficacy in the treatment of desmoplasia-resistant prostate cancer bone metastasis.The purpose of this pa-per is to review the characteristics,mechanism of action,treatment,and the main research results of its treatment of desmoplasia-resistant prostate cancer bone metastasis,and provide a comprehensive review of the clinical application of 223-Ra in the treatment of desmoplasia-resistant prostate cancer bone metastasis for the clinical application of 223-Ra in prostate cancer bone metastasis.

The detection of coagulation function is helpful for the diagnosis of blood diseases,the assess-ment of bleeding and thrombus risks in patients,and the treatment of hemostasis and anticoagulation.It plays an important role in the diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of diseases.Solidification curve waveform analy-sis is a newly developed method for assessing coagulation function.It obtains more sensitive parameters for e-valuating the coagulation function of the body by taking the order derivative of the waveform reflecting the co-agulation process in routine coagulation experiments.Compared with traditional coagulation function tests,co-agulation cuvre waveform analysis curves is more comprehensive and effective in assessing the risk of bleeding and thrombosis.

Aging is characterized by a gradual deterioration of the physiological integrity of cells,tissues,and or-gans,resulting in a decrease in the body's physiological functions and an acceleration of the onset of age-related diseases,ultimately leading to death.The aging of the liver,which is a critical metabolic organ,is closely linked to various chronic liver diseases,such as hepatitis,liver fibrosis,and cirrhosis,and it ex-acerbates their prognosis and is a primary risk factor for their development at all stages.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of the causes,mechanisms,and potential therapeutic targets associated with liver aging holds significant clinical importance for delaying or potentially reversing liver aging and for treating chronic liver diseases.Stem cells,which are potential anti-aging agents,present a promising and effective alternative for managing liver aging.In this review,we systematically assess the driving factors,characteristics,and underlying mechanisms of liver aging.We then discuss the current status of the use of stem cells to mitigate liver senescence and address related liver diseases.The review reveals that a stem cell-based approach represents a promising therapeutic strategy for combating liver aging and associated diseases.

Objective To investigate the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome elements and risk factors in patients with type Ⅱ cardio-renal syndrome(CRS).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 116 patients with type Ⅱ CRS.The distribution of TCM syndrome elements was analyzed,and the correlation between the syndrome elements and risk factors of gender,age,smoking history,alcohol consumption history,coronary heart disease,hypertension,diabetes,and anemia were evaluated.Results(1)The analysis of syndrome elements of 116 patients with type Ⅱ CRS showed that the main disease-location elements were heart(96 cases,82.76%),lung(89 cases,76.72%),kidney(81 cases,69.83%),spleen(71 cases,61.21%),and liver(25 cases,21.56%);the main disease-nature elements were qi deficiency(113 cases,97.41%),blood deficiency(96 cases,82.76%),yang deficiency(95 cases,81.89%),phlegm(94 cases,81.03%),yin deficiency(90 cases,77.59%),dampness(61 cases,52.59%),water retention(55 cases,47.41%),and blood stasis(47 cases,40.52%).(2)The analysis of age groups of 116 patients with type Ⅱ CRS showed that the majority of the patients were middle-aged and elderly individuals over 60 years old,and the age groups covered＜60 years old(4 cases,3.45%),61-70 years old(10 cases,8.62%),71-80 years old(28 cases,24.14%),81-90 years old(64 cases,55.17%),and>90 years old(10 cases,8.62%).(3)The analysis of gender of 116 patients with type Ⅱ CRS showed that 46 cases(39.66%)were male,and 70 cases(60.34%)were female,the female outnumbering the male.(4)The exploration of correlation between TCM syndrome elements and risk factors with Logistic regression analysis showed that blood deficiency was positively correlated with alcohol consumption,hypertension,and anemia(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),yang deficiency was positively correlated with anemia(P＜0.05),yin deficiency was positively correlated with smoking and diabetes(P＜0.05),dampness was positively correlated with smoking and anemia(P＜0.01),water retention was positively correlated with gender and protein abnormalities(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and blood stasis was positively correlated with hypertension(P＜0.05).Conclusion The illness of type Ⅱ CRS is located in the heart,involving the five organs,and is closely related to the lungs and kidneys.The general pathogenesis of type Ⅱ CRS is characterized by being deficiency of qi and yang in the root cause,and having the symptom manifestations of phlegm and blood stasis.In type Ⅱ CRS patients,men are more likely to suffer water retention,smokers are more likely to suffer yin deficiency and dampness,drinkers are more likely to suffer blood deficiency,individuals with hypertension are more likely to suffer blood deficiency and blood stasis,individuals with diabetes are more likely to suffer yin deficiency,individuals with anemia are more likely to suffer blood deficiency,yang deficiency and dampness,and individuals with protein abnormalities are more likely to suffer water retention.

Objective: To prepare hollow mesoporous silicon nanoparticles ( HMSNs) loaded with allicin—diallyl trisulfide (DATS) , and to study their feasibility as a therapeutic agent for ischemic injury of lower limbs . Methods: HMSNs were synthesized by selective etching , and their microstructure was observed by scanning and transmis- sion electron microscopy. Their physical and chemical properties were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and dynamic light scattering (DLS) . Their biological safety was tested by erythrocyte hemolysis and cytotoxicity experiments . DATS was loaded into HMSNs by adsorption to obtain DATS sustained release nanoparticles (DATS-HMSNs) , and the cumulative release curve of DATS was calculated and produced by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups (sham operation group , normal saline group , DATS group , and DATS-HM- SNs group) . Lower limb ischemia models were made by femoral artery ligation and resection . The exercise ability and the contents of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α ) , interleukin-6 (IL-6) , monocyte chemoattractant protein- 1 (MCP-1) , reactive oxygen species (ROS) , platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CD31) , alpha smooth muscle actin ( α-SMA) , basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in muscles of mice in each group before and after limb ischemia were tested . Results : Scanning and transmission e- lectron microscope observation showed that the prepared HMSNs were hollow , spherical and uniform in particle size . DLS results showed that the particle size was (226. 5 ± 11 . 8) nm. The results of red blood cell hemolysis test and cytotoxicity test showed that HMSNs had good biocompatibility. The maximum drug loading rate of HMSNs on DATS was 27. 89% , the cumulative release rate of DATS in 7 days was about 80. 12% , and could reach 97. 27% in 21 days . Compared with the control group , after DATS-HMSNs were applied to mice with lower limb ischemia , immunohistochemical staining showed that the levels of CD31 , α-SMA , bFGF and VEGF increased ( P < 0. 05) . Elisa test showed that the levels of TNF-α , IL-6 , MCP-1 and ROS decreased (P < 0. 05) , and the exercise ability of mice recovered satisfactorily after ischemia. Conclusion DATS-HMSNs can release DATS slowly and continu- ously , providing protection against ischemic injury of lower limbs .