OBJECTIVE: To explore the effectiveness of arthroscopic release of elbow joint assisted by medial small incision ulnar nerve release in the treatment of non-traumatic elbow stiffness. METHODS: The clinical data of 15 patients with non-traumatic elbow stiffness treated with arthroscopic release of elbow joint assisted by medial small incision ulnar nerve release between April 2019 and September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 6 males and 9 females with an average age of 46 years ranging from 34 to 56 years. The causes included rheumatoid arthritis in 3 cases, gouty arthritis in 2 cases, loose bodies in 3 cases, and elbow osteoarthritis in 7 cases. There were 4 cases with ulnar neuritis and 3 cases with synovial osteochondromatosis. The duration of elbow stiffness ranged from 6 to 18 months, with an average of 10 months. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were recorded. The effectiveness was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) score, range of elbow motion (maximum flexion, maximum extension, and total flexion and extension), Mayo score, and Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) elbow score. RESULTS: The operation time was 60-90 minutes, with an average of 65 minutes, and the intraoperative blood loss was 40-100 mL, with an average of 62 mL. All patients were followed up 13-18 months, with an average of 14 months. There was no complication such as vascular and nerve injury, poor wound healing, collateral ligament injury, elbow joint space narrowing, osteophyte proliferation, or loose body formation around the joint. At last follow-up, the elbow range of motion (maximum flexion, maximum extension, and total flexion and extension), VAS score, and Mayo score significantly improved when compared with those before operation ( P<0.05). The HSS elbow score was 85-95, with an average of 92; 12 cases were excellent, 3 cases were good, and the excellent and good rate was 100%. CONCLUSION Arthroscopic release of elbow joint assisted by medial small incision ulnar nerve release is an effective way to treat non-traumatic elbow stiffness, which has the advantages of small trauma, short operation time, and good effectiveness. It can carry out early elbow rehabilitation training and significantly improve elbow function.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Arthroscopy/methods* ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Elbow Joint/physiopathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Treatment Outcome ; Ulnar Nerve/surgery* ; Operative Time

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of monotropein on motor function recovery of mice with spinal cord injury (SCI) and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS: Forty-five adult female C57BL/6 mice were randomized equally into sham operation group, SCI group, and SCI group with daily intraperitoneal monotropein injection. The mice in the former two groups received daily saline injections. Motor function of the mice was evaluated using BMS scores, slant plate test, and footprint analyses. Pathological changes and neuronal counts in the spinal cord were observed using HE, LFB, and Nissl staining. The biological functions of monotropein were explored using GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. NeuN/cleaved caspase-3 immunofluorescence assay and Western blotting were used to detect neuronal apoptosis in the spinal cord of the mice. In cultured HT22 cells, the effect of monotropein on TNF-α-induced cell apoptosis was evaluated using TUNEL staining and Western blotting. In monotropein-treated HT22 cells and SCI mice, the changes in the PI3K/AKT pathway were examined, and the effect of a PI3K/AKT pathway activator (IGF-1) on HT22 cell apoptosis and motor function recovery of SCI mice were observed. RESULTS: SCI mice with monotropein treatment showed significantly improved motor functions with reduced SCI areas and increased myelin retention and neuron counts in the spinal cord. Bioinformatics analysis suggested a role of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in mediating the anti-apoptotic effects of monotropein. In SCI mice, monotropein obviously reduced apoptotic neurons, decreased expressions of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax and increased Bcl-2 expression in the spinal cord. In HT22 cells, monotropein significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced apoptosis and PI3K/AKT pathway activation. Treatment with IGF-1 obviously increased apoptosis of HT22 cells and exacerbated locomotor dysfunction in SCI mice. CONCLUSIONS Monotropein promotes motor function recovery in SCI mice by reducing neuronal apoptosis possibly by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Animals ; Spinal Cord Injuries/metabolism* ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Female ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Neurons/pathology* ; Recovery of Function

Objective To compare the long-term prognosis differences between surgical radical resection and endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer patients based on the SEER database. Methods A total of 1 437 patients with stage Tis to T_1b gastric adenocarcinoma were selected from the SEER database from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2013. They were divided into a surgery group (n=1 257) and an endoscope group (n=180) according to the treatment method. Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox regression model were used to analyze survival outcomes. Results The patients in the surgery group were younger than those in the endoscope group ([67.63±12.97] years old vs [71.29±10.82] years old), with higher rates of T₁ stage (97.45% vs 87.78%) and lymph node metastasis (19.73% vs 5.00%, all P＜0.001). The median follow-up time for all patients was 37 (15, 66) months, and the mortality rate of gastric cancer in the endoscope group was lower than that in the surgery group (23.33% vs 27.13%, P＜0.001). Univariate Cox analysis showed that treatment modality, age, sex, T stage, lymph node metastasis were all associated with early gastric cancer mortality (all P＜0.05), and the risk of death in the endoscope group was 43% of that in the surgery group (HR=0.43, P=0.015). After adjusting for multiple factors, there was no statistically significant difference in mortality risk between the two groups (P=0.067), but after excluding lymph node positive patients, the mortality risk in the endoscope group was 46% of that in the surgery group (HR=0.46, P=0.048). Conclusions For early gastric cancer patients with negative lymph nodes, endoscopic resection may provide better survival benefits than surgical procedures, suggesting that it can be the preferred treatment strategy for patients with low risk of lymph node metastasis.

Objective·To explore the association between gene-gene interaction of glutamate pathway and anhedonia.Methods·A total of 279 patients with schizophrenia(SZ)and 236 patients with major depression disorder(MDD)recruited in the outpatient department and ward of Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,and 236 healthy controls(HC)recruited in the community from January 2017 to August 2020 were included in the study.General demographic data and clinical characteristics of the three groups were collected and compared.The Chinese version of Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale(TEPS)was used to evaluate the pleasure experience ability of the three groups.Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction(GMDR)method was used to establish the interaction model of the single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)in glutamate pathway genes(NOS1AP,GSK3β,DAOA,DISC1 and GRIN2A).According to the interaction model,SZ and MDD patients were divided into high-risk group and low-risk group,and the differences in pleasure experience ability were compared between the two groups,so as to analyze the effect of gene-gene interaction on anhedonia.Results·There were significant differences in age and years of education among the three groups,and in age of onset and duration of illness between SZ and MDD groups(all P=0.000).There were significant differences among the three groups of participants in terms of overall pleasure experience,anticipatory pleasure experience and consummatory pleasure experience(all P=0.000);the overall pleasure experience,anticipatory pleasure experience and consummatory pleasure experience in the SZ and MDD group were lower than those in the HC group(all Pcorr=0.000),and there was marginal statistical difference in anticipatory pleasure experience between the SZ and MDD groups(Pcorr=0.051).Through GMDR modeling,it was found that the 2-loci interaction model composed of DAOA-rs3916965 and DISC1-rs821577 had a predictive effect on the overall pleasure experience ability of SZ patients(P=0.003),and the 2-loci interaction model composed of NOS1AP-rs1858232 and GRIN2A-rs1014531 had a predictive effect on the anticipatory pleasure experience ability of MDD patients(P=0.037);moreover,the overall pleasure experience ability of patients in the SZ high-risk group and anticipatory pleasure experience ability of patients in MDD high-risk groups were lower than those in their low-risk groups(t=3.443,P=0.000;t=3.471,P=0.001).Conclusion·The interaction of glutamate pathway gene polymorphisms may be involved in the occurrence of anhedonia.

Background:Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor originating from the gastric mucosal epithelium.OLGA/OLGIM staging systems are scoring systems for gastric mucosal atrophy and intestinal metaplasia based on gastroscopic pathology.Serum pepsinogen(PG)and PG Ⅰ/PG Ⅱ ratio(PGR)can reflect the gastric mucosal function and status.Studying the relationship between PG and OLGA/OLGIM stages and the changing trends is of great value for early screening of gastric cancer.Aims:To explore the relationship between serum PG and OLGA/OLGIM stages,and its application value in screening of early gastric cancer.Methods:A total of 188 healthy individuals underwent gastroscopy from June 2021 to June 2023 at Shanghai Health and Medical Center were selected.The serum PG level was measured,and the status of Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection was evaluated.OLGA/OLGIM stages were assessed according to the findings of gastroscopic pathology,and correlated with the serum PG level.After two years of follow-up,changes of PG and PGR in subjects with different baseline OLGA/OLGIM stages were analyzed.Results:There were significant differences in PG Ⅰand PGR among subjects with various baseline OLGA/OLGIM stages(P＜0.05).OLGA/OLGIM stages were correlated with Hp infection,family history of malignant gastrointestinal tumors and spicy diet(P＜0.05).The incidences of gastric mucosal atrophy in PG Ⅰ ≤70 μg/L group and PGR≤3.0 group were significantly higher than those in PG Ⅰ＞70 μg/L group and PGR＞3.0 group,respectively(P＜0.05).The follow-up results showed that for baseline OLGA/OLGIM stage 0,PG Ⅰ showed a decreasing trend over time,while no significant change of PG Ⅰ was found in other OLGA/OLGIM stages;PG Ⅱ showed a decreasing trend while PGR showed an increasing trend over time in all stages.But all these trends were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Conclusions:The combined detection of PG and Hp infection has important value in evaluating the severity of chronic atrophic gastritis and the risk of gastric cancer.It can be applied as an early screening project for gastric cancer in individuals undergoing physical examination.

The early response of plant auxin gene family Aux/IAA (auxin/indole-3-acetic acid) and its interaction with auxin response factor (ARF) are important pattern to regulate plant growth and development. This work identified 28 StoIAA and 24 StoARF members based on the whole genome data of the medicinal plant Senna tora L., which were classified into 10 and 8 subfamilies, respectively. Phylogenetic tree and collinearity analysis showed that S. tora has close evolutionary relationship with the IAA and ARF homologous genes of Glycine max, Medicago truncatula, and the segment duplication events dominate the expansion of StoIAA and StoARF. Gene structure analysis showed that the vast majority of StoIAA and StoARF contain characteristic conserved domain. Transcriptome data showed that StoIAAs and StoARFs were expressed in leaves, roots and seeds, some members had tissue specific expression. The StoIAA and StoARF promoter region most contain functional elements related to stress response, growth and development, hormone induction and secondary metabolism. In addition, gene expression analysis showed that many StoIAAs and StoARFs can quickly respond to drought and salt stress and exhibited same expression patterns under both stress condition. The yeast two-hybrid experiment confirmed that StoARF8 and StoARF10 exhibit varying degrees of interaction with multiple StoIAA proteins, respectively. The above results provide a basis for further biological functional analysis of the Aux/IAA and ARF gene family of S. tora.

Objective To establish a rapid screening method for 34 emerging contaminants in surface water by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS).Methods The pretreatment conditions of solid phase extraction(SPE)were op-timized by orthogonal experimental design and the surface water samples were concentrated and ex-tracted by Oasis? HLB and Oasis? MCX SPE columns in series.The extracts were separated by Kine-tex? EVO C18 column,with gradient elution of 0.1%formic acid aqueous solution and 0.1%formic acid methanol solution.Q-TOF-MS'fullscan'and'targeted MS/MS'modes were used to detect 34 emerging contaminants and to establish a database with 34 emerging contaminants precursor ion,prod-uct ion and retention times.Results The 34 emerging contaminants exhibited good linearity in the con-centration range respectively and the correlation coefficients(r)were higher than 0.97.The limit of de-tection was 0.2-10 ng/L and the recoveries were 81.2%-119.2%.The intra-day precision was 0.78%-18.70%.The method was applied to analyze multiple surface water samples and 6 emerging contaminants were detected,with a concentration range of 1.93-157.71 ng/L.Conclusion The method is simple and rapid for screening various emerging contaminants at the trace level in surface water.

Objective To investigate the expression of serum Elabela and leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein-1(LRG1)in ulcerative colitis(UC)patients and their correlation with disease activity index(DAI).Methods A total of 98 patients with UC admitted to Yuncheng Central Hospital from January to December 2022 were selected as the UC group,including 62 patients in active stage and 36 patients in remission stage.According to the severity of the disease,these patients were divided into mild group(n=26),moderate group(n=43)and severe group(n=29).In addition,these patients were grouped into gradeⅠ group(n=25),grade Ⅱ group(n=40)and grade Ⅲ group(n=33)based on the endoscopic activity index(EAI).According to the mucosal healing condition under endoscopy,these patients were divided into the healed group(n=65)and the unhealed group(n=33).Another 51 patients with colonic polyps were selected as control group 1,and 50 healthy individuals were selected as control group 2.Serum Elabela and LRG1 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between serum Elabela,LRG1 levels and DAI in UC patients.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was applied to analyze the predictive value of serum Elabela and LRG1 for endoscopic mucosal healing.Results The levels of Elabela(4.77±1.36 ng/ml)and LRG1(352.12±39.45 ng/ml)in UC group were higher than those in control group 1(2.51±0.53 ng/ml,121.02±21.06 ng/ml)and control group 2(2.35±0.42 ng/ml,120.35±23.49 ng/ml),and the differences were statistically significant(t= 11.410～39.000,all P＜0.05).The levels of Elabela(5.26±0.54 ng/ml)and LRG1(370.42±12.49 ng/ml)in the active group were higher than those in the remission group(3.93±0.42 ng/ml,320.60±8.47 ng/ml),and the differences were statistically significant(t=12.705,21.242,all P＜0.05).The levels of Elabela(5.89±0.20 ng/ml)and LRG1(369.92±16.59 ng/ml)in the severe group were higher than those in the moderate groups(4.51±0.67 ng/ml,356.12±18.75 ng/ml)and mild groups(3.95±0.21 ng/ml,325.65±10.14 ng/ml),and the differences were statistically significant(t=3.205～35.077,all P＜0.05).The levels of Elabela(5.80±0.18 ng/ml)and LRG1(369.16±13.47 ng/ml)in grade Ⅲ group were higher than those in grade Ⅱ group(4.49±0.35 ng/ml,355.46±16.34 ng/ml)and grade Ⅰgroup(3.86±0.16 ng/ml,324.15±8.71 ng/ml),and the differences were statistically significant(t= 3.854～48.725,all P＜0.05).The levels of Elabela(5.12±0.42 ng/ml)and LRG1(367.12±14.27 ng/ml)in unhealed group were higher than those in healed group(4.08±0.37 ng/ml,322.57±10.35 ng/ml),and the differences were statistically significant(t=12.043,15.917,all P＜0.05).The serum levels of Elabela and LRG1 in UC patients were positively correlated with EAI and ESR(r=0.602,0.298;0.576,0.302,all P＜0.05),but negatively correlated with hemoglobin level(r=-0.351,-0.334,all P＜0.05).The area under the curve predicted by the combination of serum Elabela and LRG1 for endoscopic mucosal healing was 0.926(95%CI:0.880～0.958),was higher than the 0.803(95%CI:0.741～0.856)and 0.783(95%CI:0.720～0.838)predicted by Elabela and LRG1 alone,and the difference was statistically significant(Z=4.101,4.228,all P＜0.05).Conclusion The serum levels of Elabela and LRG1 in UC patients increased,and they were related to the increase of DAI and worsening of the condition.Testing serum Elabela and LRG1 can provide a reference for evaluating mucosal healing under UC endoscopy.

Cardiovascular diseases are still one of the diseases that lead to high mortality.Currently,drugs for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases can significantly improve symptoms,but there are still shortcomings in re-ducing mortality rates.Therefore,new drugs that can improve symptoms and reduce mortality are needed.As a kind of hydroxylase inhibitor,roxadustat can effectively improve the symptoms of hypoxia by regulating the expression of hypoxia in-ducible factor(HIF).HIF is involved in almost all developmental,pathological or physiological processes in the body,including erythropoietin production,iron uptake,and metablism,cellular differentiation,energy metablism,inflammation and immune regulation.At present,the drug has a good prospect in the treatment of renal anemia,but it is rarely used in cardiovascular diseases.In this paper,the effects of roxadustat on cardiovascular diseases were systematically and com-prehensively discussed,and some help was provided for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

AIM:To investigate the effects of adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)with overexpression or si-lencing of long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)SNHG8 on the viability,migration,angiogenesis,and the expression of vasoac-tive factors in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).METHODS:Identification of ADSCs derived from morbidly obese patients(O-ADSCs)was conducted using flow cytometry and induction of lipogenesis and osteogenesis.The expression of lncRNA SNHG8 in healthy human ADSCs(H-ADSCs)and O-ADSCs was detected by RT-qPCR.Tran-swell method was used to establish the indirect co-culture system of ADSCs and HUVECs for 48 h,and the cells were di-vided into O-ADSCs+HUVECs group,H-ADSCs+HUVECs group,and HUVECs alone group.The mRNA and protein ex-pression levels of angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ),endothelin-1(ET-1)and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)in HUVECs were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot.The lncRNA SNHG8 overexpression and silencing lentiviruses were con-structed and used to infect O-ADSCs.The indirect co-cultured ADSCs and HUVECs were divided into O-ADSCs-OE-SNHG8+ HUVECs group,O-ADSCs-OE-NC+HUVECs group,O-ADSCs-sh-SNHG8+HUVECs group,and O-ADSCs-sh-NC+HUVECs group.After co-culture for 48 h,the viability,migration and tubule formation of HUVECs were detected by CCK-8,scratch and angiogenesis assays,respectively.The mRNA and protein expression levels of Ang Ⅱ,ET-1 and eNOS in HU-VECs were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot,respectively.The nitrate reductase method was used to detect the con-tent of NO in HUVECs.RESULTS:(1)The cultured cells were identified as ADSCs.(2)Compared with H-ADSCs,ln-cRNA SNHG8 expression was significantly up-regulated in O-ADSCs(P<0.01).(3)Compared with H-ADSCs+HUVECs group and HUVECs group,the mRNA and protein expression levels of Ang Ⅱ and ET-1 in HUVECs in O-ADSCs+HU-VECs group were up-regulated(P<0.01).(4)Overexpression of lncRNA SNHG8 in O-ADSCs enhanced the viability,mi-gration and tube formation ability of HUVECs,up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of Ang Ⅱ and ET-1,down-regulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of eNOS,and decreased the content of NO in HUVECs(P<0.05).However,silencing of lncRNA SNHG8 in O-ADSCs exerted opposite results(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:(1)The O-ADSCs can promote endothelial cell viability,migration and tubule formation through paracrine effects.(2)The O-ADSCs with overexpression of lncRNA SNHG8 promote the imbalance of diastolic and contractile factors secreted by endo-thelial cells,and induce the dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells.