Objective:To explore the optimization potential of clinical target volume (CTV) delineation proposed in the guidelines of the Oncology Group (RTOG), the Francophone Group of Urological Radiotherapy (GFRU), and the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO) based on prostate bed local occurrence patterns after radical prostatectomy identified using prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA PET).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with local prostate bed recurrence after radical prostatectomy who underwent PSMA PET at the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital from September 2021 to February 2024. The central point of each recurrence was marked. A six-zone method was established based on prostate bed anatomy and the characteristics of cross-sectional imaging. Then, the positional relationships (within or outside) were recorded with respect to recurrences and CTV defined by the RTOG, GFRU, and ESTRO (CTV RTOG, CTV GFRU, and CTV ESTRO), followed the analysis of the recurrence rates and distribution characteristics of various zones. Results:A total of 63 patients with prostate bed recurrence after radical prostatectomy were enrolled in this study, including 97 recurrences. The recurrence rates in the six zones were as follows: 10% of zone 1, 22% of zone 2, 29% of zone 3, 2% of zone 4, 12% of zone 5a, 18% of zone 5b, and 7% of zone 6. Among these zones, zones 2 and 3 showed the highest and second-highest recurrence rates, respectively. CTV GFRU and CTV ESTRO completely covered zones 2 and 3, while CTV RTOG covered zone 2 completely and zone 3 partially. Zone 4, characterized by a low recurrence rate, was not covered by CTV GFRU and CTV ESTRO but was entirely covered by CTV RTOG. Zone 5a, with a recurrence rate of 12%, was completely covered by CTV RTOG but was partially covered by CTV GFRU and CTV ESTRO. The range of 1.3 cm in front of the posterior wall of the bladder covered all recurrences in zone 5a. Conclusions:For CTV delineation of the prostate cancer surgical bed, zone 4, the anterior half of the bladder above the pubic symphysis midpoint, should be contracted due to the low recurrence rate in this zone. In contrast, the anterior boundary above the pubic symphysis midpoint should extend to 1.3 cm in front of the posterior wall of the bladder to completely cover the recurrence zones.

Objective:To explore the mechanism of how neurocognition affects social functioning through fa-cial emotion recognition in individuals with schizophrenia.Methods:Totally 203 patients with schizophrenia meet-ing the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition(DSM-IV)diagnostic criteria were re-cruited,with an age of(40±12)years,an initial onset age of(24±8)years,scored(60.4±16.1)points on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.Using the Personal and Social Performance Scale(PSP),the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery(MCCB),and the Facial Emotion Recognition Test(FERT)to assess patients'social functioning,neurocognition,and facial emotion recognition abilities.Results:In the relationship between MCCB fac-tor scores and PSP dimensions scores,happy face recognition showed a mediating effect in socially useful activities dimension(ACME=0.021,P＜0.01),sad(ACME=-0.026,P＜0.05)and surprised face recognition(ACME=-0.017,P＜0.05)showed mediating effects in self-care dimension.Additionally,sad(ACME=-0.025,P＜0.05)and fearful face recognition(ACME=-0.025,P＜0.001)played a mediating role in disruptive and aggres-sive behavior dimensions.Conclusion:Facial emotion recognition in patients with schizophrenia may play a media-ting role in the neurocognitive mechanisms of social dysfunction,with different dimensions of social dysfunction be-ing associated with specific categories of emotions.

Objective:To explore the optimization potential of clinical target volume (CTV) delineation proposed in the guidelines of the Oncology Group (RTOG), the Francophone Group of Urological Radiotherapy (GFRU), and the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO) based on prostate bed local occurrence patterns after radical prostatectomy identified using prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA PET).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with local prostate bed recurrence after radical prostatectomy who underwent PSMA PET at the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital from September 2021 to February 2024. The central point of each recurrence was marked. A six-zone method was established based on prostate bed anatomy and the characteristics of cross-sectional imaging. Then, the positional relationships (within or outside) were recorded with respect to recurrences and CTV defined by the RTOG, GFRU, and ESTRO (CTV RTOG, CTV GFRU, and CTV ESTRO), followed the analysis of the recurrence rates and distribution characteristics of various zones. Results:A total of 63 patients with prostate bed recurrence after radical prostatectomy were enrolled in this study, including 97 recurrences. The recurrence rates in the six zones were as follows: 10% of zone 1, 22% of zone 2, 29% of zone 3, 2% of zone 4, 12% of zone 5a, 18% of zone 5b, and 7% of zone 6. Among these zones, zones 2 and 3 showed the highest and second-highest recurrence rates, respectively. CTV GFRU and CTV ESTRO completely covered zones 2 and 3, while CTV RTOG covered zone 2 completely and zone 3 partially. Zone 4, characterized by a low recurrence rate, was not covered by CTV GFRU and CTV ESTRO but was entirely covered by CTV RTOG. Zone 5a, with a recurrence rate of 12%, was completely covered by CTV RTOG but was partially covered by CTV GFRU and CTV ESTRO. The range of 1.3 cm in front of the posterior wall of the bladder covered all recurrences in zone 5a. Conclusions:For CTV delineation of the prostate cancer surgical bed, zone 4, the anterior half of the bladder above the pubic symphysis midpoint, should be contracted due to the low recurrence rate in this zone. In contrast, the anterior boundary above the pubic symphysis midpoint should extend to 1.3 cm in front of the posterior wall of the bladder to completely cover the recurrence zones.

Objective:To explore the mechanism of how neurocognition affects social functioning through fa-cial emotion recognition in individuals with schizophrenia.Methods:Totally 203 patients with schizophrenia meet-ing the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition(DSM-IV)diagnostic criteria were re-cruited,with an age of(40±12)years,an initial onset age of(24±8)years,scored(60.4±16.1)points on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.Using the Personal and Social Performance Scale(PSP),the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery(MCCB),and the Facial Emotion Recognition Test(FERT)to assess patients'social functioning,neurocognition,and facial emotion recognition abilities.Results:In the relationship between MCCB fac-tor scores and PSP dimensions scores,happy face recognition showed a mediating effect in socially useful activities dimension(ACME=0.021,P＜0.01),sad(ACME=-0.026,P＜0.05)and surprised face recognition(ACME=-0.017,P＜0.05)showed mediating effects in self-care dimension.Additionally,sad(ACME=-0.025,P＜0.05)and fearful face recognition(ACME=-0.025,P＜0.001)played a mediating role in disruptive and aggres-sive behavior dimensions.Conclusion:Facial emotion recognition in patients with schizophrenia may play a media-ting role in the neurocognitive mechanisms of social dysfunction,with different dimensions of social dysfunction be-ing associated with specific categories of emotions.

Objective:To analyze the status quo, hotspots and fronts of emergency nursing training research at home and abroad in the past ten years, and to provide reference and ideas for the efficient development of emergency nursing training in China.Methods:CiteSpace 6.2.R2 software was used to visually analyze the Chinese and English literatures on emergency nursing training included in CNKI and Web of Science core databases from January 1, 2013 to June 1, 2023.Results:A total of 1 177 Chinese literatures and 1 163 English literatures were included. The number of foreign articles in this field increased year by year, while the number of domestic articles showed a downward trend since 2018. There were many stable core author groups and core institution groups in foreign countries, while there was less cooperation among domestic authors and institutions. The common research hotspots and frontiers at home and abroad focused on broadening the training audience of emergency nursing, innovating the training methods of emergency nursing, strengthening the evaluation of the effect of emergency nursing training, and paying attention to the training experience and needs of nurses. Foreign researches also focused on specialized nurses, interprofessional education and nurses′mental health, etc, and the research direction was diversified.Conclusions:The development stages of emergency nursing training researches at home and abroad are different, and the research hotspots are different. In the future, we should learn from foreign research, strengthen interdisciplinary cooperation, improve the depth and breadth of research, and strengthen the cooperation between authors, institutions and countries to promote the high-quality development of emergency nursing training research in China.

Objective:To analyze the morphology and distribution characteristics of subchondral bone cysts of the talus by CT three-dimensional reconstruction.Methods:A total of 176 patients diagnosed with subchondral bone cyst of the talus after CT scan of the ankle or foot from 2015 to 2020 were retrieved from the imaging report database of Tianjin Hospital, including 77 males and 99 females, aged 14-84 years［(56.1±14.0)years］. After three-dimensional reconstruction of the talus and cyst area by Mimics 20.0 software, an equal 2×2 grid configuration was constructed to divide the domed articular surface into four regions: anteromedial, anterolateral, posteromedial and posterolateral. For subchondral cyst of the talus, area involved under grid localization, gender, age and side of the onset were recorded. The anteroposterior diameter, transverse diameter, depth, surface area and volume of the subchondral bone cyst of the talus were measured.Results:Subchondral cyst of the talus was anteromedial in 131 patients (74.4%), anterolateral in 5(2.8%), posteromedial in 34(19.3%), and posterolateral in 6(3.4%). Subchondral cyst of the talus occurred in the older aged (≥60 years) for 78 patients (44.3%), in the middle aged (45-59 years) for 62(35.2%), in young adults for 32(18.2%), and in preadolescents for 4(2.3%). The age composition of the subchondral cyst of the talus involving the anteromedial, anterolateral, posteromedial and posterolateral regions was 59(49, 64)years, 44(39, 45)years, 61(54, 68)years and 40(22, 58) years, respectively (all P<0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in gender and side of the onset (all P>0.05). The anteroposterior diameter of the subchondral bone cysts located anteromedially, anterolaterally, posteromedially and posterolaterally was (9.7±4.4)mm, (3.5±1.1)mm, (10.3±4.4)mm and (2.1±0.8)mm, respectively; the transverse diameter was (5.4±1.7)mm, (3.9±1.8)mm, (5.9±2.2)mm and (3.4±1.1)mm, respectively; the depth was (7.1±2.4)mm, (3.2±2.2)mm, (8.2±3.0)mm and (3.9±1.9)mm, respectively; the surface area was 156.1(82.6, 198.2)mm 2, 23.0(21.4, 28.9)mm 2, 180.0(75.1, 230.4)mm 2 and 28.0(20.3, 36.7)mm 2, respectively; the volume was 77.1(37.1, 129.1)mm 3, 23.9(14.2, 37.8)mm 3, 104.6(37.7, 157.4)mm 3 and 13.0(10.4, 16.0)mm 3, respectively. When comparing the anteroposterior diameter, transverse diameter, depth, surface area and volume of the subchondral bone cysts in the anteromedial and posteromedial regions with the anterolateral and posterolateral regions, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.01) except for the transverse diameter of the subchondral bone cysts in the anteromedial region and the anterolateral region ( P>0.05). In addition, the depth of subchondral bone cysts in the anteromedial region was significantly greater than that in the posteromedial region ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Subchondral bone cysts of the talar are commonly found in the middle- and old-aged population. Anteromedial lesions of the talar dome are the most commonly seen, with large and deeply involved cysts, followed by posteromedial lesions of the dome, while anterolateral and posterolateral lesions of the dome are less common and have smaller cyst sizes. An equal 2×2 grid configuration for talar cysts is useful in positioning and characterizing bone cysts, and can assist clinicians in accurately diagnosing and treating bone cysts.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between prolonged PR interval and carotid atherosclerosis(CAS)in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:A total of 537 middle-aged and elderly inpatients with T2DM in the Southern Branch of the Sixth People′s Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected as the research objects. Color Doppler ultrasound was used to detect bilateral carotid artery intima-media thickness(CIMT). The subjects were divided into carotid atherosclerosis group(CAS group, n=352)and non-carotid atherosclerosis group(NCAS group, n=185). The difference in the PR interval of ECG between the two groups was compared. Pearson or Spearman rank correlation analysis was used for evaluating the correlation of PR interval and CAS lesions with various clinical index. The relationship between PR interval and CAS lesions was adopted by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results:The average PR interval of middle-aged and elderly patients with T2DM was(164.57±23.02)ms. The average PR interval in CAS group was significantly higher than that in NCAS group [(169.76±24.28) vs (154.70±16.42)ms, P<0.01]. The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that age, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, serum osteocalcin, and PR interval were independent factors influencing the development of CAS lesions in middle-aged and elderly patients with T2DM( OR=1.079, 1.936, 0.879, 1.039, respectively, P<0.05 or P<0.01)where each 1 ms increase in PR interval was associated with a 3.9% increase in the risk of CAS in middle-aged and elderly patients with T2DM( OR=1.039, 95% CI 1.006-1.073, P=0.020). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that middle-aged and elderly type 2 diabetic patients with PR interval≥158 ms were 4.072 times more likely to have CAS lesions than those with PR interval<158 ms( OR=4.072, 95% CI 1.417-11.702, P<0.01). Conclusion:The PR interval of electrocardiogram is correlated with CAS lesions in middle-aged and elderly patients with T2DM. Middle-aged and elderly type 2 diabetic patients with significantly prolonged PR interval should be reminded to screen for CAS lesions early.

Objective:To analyze the current situation of infertile couples in reproductive institutions in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei Province in China, thus providing clues for the optimal allocation of assisted reproductive medical resources.Methods:Based on a cross-sectional design, the information of 10 159 first-visit infertile couples from representative assisted reproductive centers in Beijing, Tianjin, and Shijiazhuang in Hebei Province was extracted from the national monitoring platform for couples with low fertility. The basic characteristics, lifestyle information, assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment information, and biological indicators of couples were investigated. Both of the regional and age distributions of those characteristics were analyzed.Results:The childless rate of the infertility population reached more than 80%. In Beijing, the rates of provincial patients [66.5% (1285/1934)], first marriage [91.7% (3326/3626)], and age≥43 years [3.3% (142/4331)] were significantly higher than those in Tianjin [11.9% (276/2381), 90.8% (2191/2412), 2.5% (101/4045)] and Shijiazhuang city [4.7% (77/1628), 86.0% (1533/1783), 1.5% (27/1783), all P<0.001]. The patients in Beijing had higher follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level and lower anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level [the rate of FSH>10 U/L: 8.9% (361/4077) and the rate of AMH<1.1 μg/L: 26.8% (602/2249)] than those in Tianjin [5.3% (202/3828), 25.8% (455/1763)] and Shijiazhuang in Hebei Province [6.9% (115/1666), 15.7% (269/1712), all P<0.05]. With the increasing of age, FSH level increased (the rates of FSH>10 U/L increased from 0% at 20 years old to 67.7% at 49 years old, AMH and AFC decreased (the rate of AMH<1.1 μg/L increased from 0% at 20 years old to 100% at 49 years old; and the rate of AFC<5 increased from 11% at 20 years old to 100% at 49 years old). Conclusion:The composition of first-visit infertility patients in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei Province are different. In the process of assisted reproductive resource allocation, the social needs, local conditions, the reasonably hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system should be fully considered.

Objective:To analyze the current situation of infertile couples in reproductive institutions in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei Province in China, thus providing clues for the optimal allocation of assisted reproductive medical resources.Methods:Based on a cross-sectional design, the information of 10 159 first-visit infertile couples from representative assisted reproductive centers in Beijing, Tianjin, and Shijiazhuang in Hebei Province was extracted from the national monitoring platform for couples with low fertility. The basic characteristics, lifestyle information, assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment information, and biological indicators of couples were investigated. Both of the regional and age distributions of those characteristics were analyzed.Results:The childless rate of the infertility population reached more than 80%. In Beijing, the rates of provincial patients [66.5% (1285/1934)], first marriage [91.7% (3326/3626)], and age≥43 years [3.3% (142/4331)] were significantly higher than those in Tianjin [11.9% (276/2381), 90.8% (2191/2412), 2.5% (101/4045)] and Shijiazhuang city [4.7% (77/1628), 86.0% (1533/1783), 1.5% (27/1783), all P<0.001]. The patients in Beijing had higher follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level and lower anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level [the rate of FSH>10 U/L: 8.9% (361/4077) and the rate of AMH<1.1 μg/L: 26.8% (602/2249)] than those in Tianjin [5.3% (202/3828), 25.8% (455/1763)] and Shijiazhuang in Hebei Province [6.9% (115/1666), 15.7% (269/1712), all P<0.05]. With the increasing of age, FSH level increased (the rates of FSH>10 U/L increased from 0% at 20 years old to 67.7% at 49 years old, AMH and AFC decreased (the rate of AMH<1.1 μg/L increased from 0% at 20 years old to 100% at 49 years old; and the rate of AFC<5 increased from 11% at 20 years old to 100% at 49 years old). Conclusion:The composition of first-visit infertility patients in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei Province are different. In the process of assisted reproductive resource allocation, the social needs, local conditions, the reasonably hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system should be fully considered.

Objective:To explore the abnormal features of cortical thickness of brain regions in patients with alcohol dependence (PADs) after acute detoxication and the correlation with clinical features of PADs.Methods:In this study, male inpatients with alcohol dependence (patient group, n=33) and healthy controls (control group, n=35) matched with age and education were enrolled during the period of Apr 2017 to Apr 2018. Brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, general demographic and clinical information were collected. FreeSurfer software was used to process the MRI data and compute the bilateral cortical thickness across 74 brain regions. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to analyse the differences of cortical thickness in different brain regions between the two groups, and the correlation between the cortex thickness and their clinical features in PADs was explored by using correlation analysis. Results:Compared with HCs, PADs showed significantly decreased cortical thickness of brain regions in the left middle and pole occipital, right superior occipital gyri, bilateral superior and inferior parietal gyri, and right intraparietal sulcus (all P<0.000 34, after Bonferroni correction). Positive correlation was found between the thickness of left superior parietal gyrus (SPG) and initial drinking age ( r=0.428, P=0.024) in PADs. Conclusion:The cortex thickness reduction of bilateral posterior parietal cortex might be a more characteristic injury in PADs. Furthermore, the initial drinking age may have a more obvious effect on the cortex of the left SPG.