OBJECTIVE To explore comprehensive management and potential issues associated with long-term prescriptions medications of psychiatry， in order to provide a reference for the comprehensive management of long-term prescriptions of psychiatry in psychiatric hospitals and other medical institutions’ pharmacies. METHODS Starting from the applicable principles for long-term prescriptions of psychiatry， this study introduced the standardized assessment and precautions before issuing long-term prescriptions， the formulation and adjustment of the drug list， as well as the rational management of the long-term prescriptions. It also analyzed potential issues that may arise in the comprehensive management of long-term prescription medications and proposed corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS Prior to initiating long-term prescriptions， a standardized assessment should be conducted on patients from the aspects of their psychiatric condition and long-term potential risk factors， pharmacological treatment plans and other non-pharmacological therapies， physical illnesses. Additionally， healthcare providers should fulfill their obligation to inform patients or their family members. The comprehensive management of long-term prescription medications should be jointly established and improved by multiple departments， and the formulation of drug catalogs should avoid including drugs with potential social harm or medication risks while complying with policy requirements. Furthermore， measures such as adding special identifiers to long-term prescriptions， providing patients with reminders about （No.YGLX202537） prescription expiration， or offering online consultations can also effectively enhance the rationality of medication use under long-term prescriptions. Currently， the implementation of long-term prescriptions in psychiatry remains challenged by inconsistencies in prescription duration， incomplete coverage of diagnostic categories， poor patient adherence， and the risk of deviation in clinical assessments. In this regard， measures such as collaborating with multiple departments to strengthen long-term prescription information management， providing matching pharmaceutical services， ensuring the quality and rationality of long-term prescription implementation， and using modern methods to screen high-risk patients can be taken to improve patient medication compliance and safety.

OBJECTIVE: To study the durability of the anti-demineralization effects of fluoride varnish after being applied to dental root surfaces. METHODS: Coronal and radicular dentin samples were prepared from extracted human teeth. Duraphat^® (DP) was applied to the dentine surfaces to form a protective film. The film-dentin interfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the fluoride element was analyzed with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Thus, the differences between applying DP on crowns and roots were compared. Radicular dentin samples were prepared and randomly divi-ded into four groups: (1) Blank: DP was not applied, and demineralized in acetic acid (pH 4.5) for 4 days; (2) Blank+aging: DP was not applied, the samples were put into deionized water for 14 days at room temperature, and then demineralized in acetic acid (pH 4.5) for 4 days; (3) DP: DP was applied and demineralized in acetic acid (pH 4.5) for 4 days; (4) DP+aging: DP was applied, the samples were put into deionized water for 14 days at room temperature, and then demineralized in acetic acid (pH 4.5) for 4 days. Finally, SEM observation and EDS analysis of fluoride content were performed on film-dentin interfaces to evaluate the degree of demineralization, the morphology of DP film, and the penetration of fluorine. RESULTS: The immediate penetration depth of fluoride element from DP was deeper in the coronal dentin than that in radicular dentin. The samples in the blank and blank+aging groups demine-ralized significantly after acid etching. The DP group did not undergo demineralization, and the fluorine element penetrated to (76.00±8.94) μm below the interfaces. The structure of the protective film in the DP+aging group was damaged, but the underneath dentin did not undergo demineralization. The fluorine element still remained at a depth of (5.00±3.53) μm below the interfaces. CONCLUSION DP has an anti-demineralization effect on the root surface, and this effect can still be exerted for a period of time after losing the structure of protective film. It has the ability to prevent root caries and a certain durability.
Humans ; Tooth Root/drug effects* ; Fluorides, Topical/pharmacology* ; Tooth Demineralization/prevention & control* ; Dentin/drug effects* ; Fluorides ; In Vitro Techniques ; Cariostatic Agents/pharmacology*

Purpose The purpose of this study was to in-vestigate programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1)expression in gastric adenocarcinoma(GAC)patients and the consistency of immunohistochemical(IHC)detection of four different clones of PD-L1 antibodies,so as to provide reference for the gradual standardization of PD-L1 IHC detection in gastric adenocarcino-ma and subsequent clinical studies.Methods This study col-lected surgically resected and pathologically confirmed specimens from 286 gastric adenocarcinoma patients,and specimens were stained with four antibodies:PD-L1 22C3,SP263,E1L3N and SP142.The consistency of the antibodies was statistically ana-lyzed under different critical values using two scoring criteria:comprehensive positive score(CPS)and tumor proportion score(TPS).Results Regardless of the TPS and CPS cut-off val-ues,the positive rate of 22C3 was the highest among the four an-tibodies.Consistency analysis showed that E1L3N had good con-sistency with SP142(κ=0.612)and SP263(κ=0.660)only when the cut-off value of CPS positive was 1.In addition,the consistency between the other antibodies was only moderate or poor.Conclusion The four PD-L1 antibodies exhibited incon-sistent concordance across various TPS and CPS positive thresh-olds,so it is not recommended to exchange reagents during clini-cal testing of GAC and the test results shall be documented in accordance with the specification.

To determine the main components of the fishy smell of the Eupolyphaga Steleophaga, and to provide a theoretical basis for deodorizing the Eupolyphaga Steleophaga. METHODS Head space-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify the components of 10 batches of Eupolyphaga Steleophaga, and area normalization method and chemometrics method were used to analyze the smelly gas of different batches. Odor activity value(OAV) was used to evaluate the contribution of odor components and identify key odor components. RESULTS A total of 87 volatile odor components were identified, the key fishy smell compounds(OAV≥1) were m-methylphenol, dimethyltrisulfide, 4-methylphenol, 2-methyliso-borneol, 2-etzol, 4-methylvaleric acid, iso-valeric acid, etc. Modified fishy gas composition(0.1

Background::Endometriosis (EM) is a complex benign gynecological disease, but it has malignant biological behavior and can invade any part of the body. Clinical manifestations include pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, infertility, pelvic nodules, and masses. Our previous study successfully detected circulating endometrial cells (CECs) in the peripheral blood of patients with EM. The purpose of this study is to overcome the limitation of cell size in the previous microfluidic chip method, to further accurately capture CECs, understand the characteristics of these cells, and explore the relationship between CECs and the clinical course characteristics of patients with EM.Methods::Human peripheral venous blood used to detect CECs and circulating vascular endothelial cells (CVECs) was taken from EM patients ( n = 34) hospitalized in the Peking University People’s Hospital. We used the subtraction enrichment and immunostaining fluorescence in situ hybridization (SE-iFISH) method to exclude the interference of red blood cells, white blood cells, and CVECs, so as to accurately capture the CECs in the peripheral blood of patients with EM. Then we clarified the size and ploidy number of chromosome 8 of CECs, and a second grouping of patients was performed based on clinical characteristics to determine the relationship between CECs and clinical course characteristics. Results::The peripheral blood of 34 EM patients and 12 non-EM patients was evaluated by SE-iFISH. Overall, 34 eligible EM patients were enrolled. The results showed that the detection rates of CECs were 58.8% in EM patients and 16.7% in the control group. However, after classification according to clinical characteristics, more CECs could be detected in the peripheral blood of patients with rapidly progressive EM, with a detection rate of 94.4% (17/18). In total, 63.5% (40/63) of these cells were small cells with diameters below 5 μm, and 44.4% (28/63) were aneuploid cells. No significant association was found between the number of CECs and EM stage.Conclusion::The number and characteristics of CECs are related to the clinical course characteristics of patients with EM, such as pain and changes in lesion size, and may be used as biomarkers for personalized treatment and management of EM in the future.

Objective To understand the changing distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Proteus,Morganella and Providencia in hospitals across China from January 1,2015 to December 31,2021 in the CHINET Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Program.Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out following the unified CHINET protocol.The results were interpreted in accordance with the breakpoints in the 2021 Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)M100(31 st Edition).Results A total of 32 433 Enterobacterales strains were isolated during the 7-year period,including 24 160 strains of Proteus,6 704 strains of Morganella,and 1 569 strains of Providencia.The overall number of these Enterobacterales isolates increased significantly over the 7-year period.The top 3 specimen source of these strains were urine,lower respiratory tract specimens,and wound secretions.Proteus,Morganella,and Providencia isolates showed lower resistance rates to amikacin,meropenem,cefoxitin,cefepime,cefoperazone-sulbactam,and piperacillin-tazobactam.For most of the antibiotics tested,less than 10％of the Proteus and Morganella strains were resistant,while less than 20％of the Providencia strains were resistant.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales(CRE)was 1.4％in Proteus isolates,1.9％in Morganella isolates,and 15.6％in Providencia isolates.Conclusions The overall number of clinical isolates of Proteus,Morganella and Providencia increased significantly in the 7-year period from 2015 to 2021.The prevalence of CRE strains also increased.More attention should be paid to antimicrobial resistance surveillance and rational antibiotic use so as to prevent the emergence and increase of antimicrobial resistance.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of combining fractional CO2 laser with triam-cinolone acetonide and econazole nitrate cream for the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus(VLS).Methods The clinical data of 113 patients with vulvar lichen sclerosus(VLS)were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into an observation group and a control group based on different treatments received.Clinical symptoms(vulvar itching,painful intercourse)and signs(vulvar skin color,vulvar skin elasticity,range of vulvar lesions)were scored using the Cattaneo scoring criteria.The Cattaneo scores before and after treatment were recorded for each patient,and comparisons were made between groups in terms of Cattaneo scores and occurrence of adverse reac-tions.The therapeutic efficacy of fractional CO2 laser combined with triamcinolone acetonide and econazole nitrate cream was evaluated.Results After three treatments,both groups exhibited a significant decrease in Cattaneo scores,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The study group demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in Cattaneo scores compared to the control group(P<0.05).Furthermore,the cure rate of VSL was higher in the study group than in the control group(25.86%vs.10.91%,P<0.05).Regarding adverse effects,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Compared to the single application of fractional CO2 laser,the combination of fractional CO2 laser with triamcinolone acetonide and econazole nitrate cream demonstrates enhanced efficacy in alleviating signs and symptoms among patients with vulvar sclerosing tundra,while minimizing adverse reactions.This approach holds significant potential for clinical implementation.

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of hospice self-efficacy among clinical nurses between sense of life meaning and hospice behavior, in order to provide references for nursing managers to formulate strategies to improve clinical nurses′ hospice behavior.Methods:This was a cross-sectional survey study. The clinical nurses were selected from 8 tertiary hospitals in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region by convenience sampling method from July to November in 2023. General data survey scale, The Meaning in Life Questionnaire, End-of-life Care Self-efficacy Scale and Hospice Behavior Scale were used to investigate. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between variables, and AMOS 24.0 software was used to analyze the mediating effect of hospice self-efficacy on nurses′ sense of meaning of life and hospice behavior.Results:The effective response rate of the questionnaire was 89.82%(988/1 100). There were 41 males and 947 females, aged (32.95 ± 5.61) years old. The scores of sense of life meaning, end-stage hospice self-efficacy and hospice behavior of clinical nurses were (45.18 ± 7.90), (49.62 ± 10.93), (123.42 ± 28.55) points, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the sense of life meaning, hospice behavior and end-stage hospice self-efficacy of clinical nurses were correlated ( r values were 0.263-0.932, all P<0.01). The terminal hospice self-efficacy had a partial mediating effect between clinical nurses′ sense of life meaning and hospice behavior.The total effect of the sense of life meaning on clinical nurses′ hospice care behavior was 0.435, in which the direct effect was 0.246, accounting for 56.55% of the total effect, the indirect effect was 0.190, accounting for 43.45% of the total effect. Conclusions:End-stage hospice self-efficacy of clinical nurses is the mediating variable between sense of life meaning and hospice behavior. Managers can improve hospice behavior by cultivating end-stage hospice self-efficacy of clinical nurses.

BACKGROUND: High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the biggest cause of gynecological cancer-related mortality because of its extremely metastatic nature. This study aimed to explore and evaluate the characteristics of candidate factors associated with the metastasis and progression of HGSOC. METHODS: Transcriptomic data of HGSOC patients' samples collected from primary tumors and matched omental metastatic tumors were obtained from three independent studies in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected to evaluate the effects on the prognosis and progression of ovarian cancer using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Hub genes' immune landscapes were estimated by the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database. Finally, using 25 HGSOC patients' cancer tissues and 10 normal fallopian tube tissues, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to quantify the expression levels of hub genes associated with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages. RESULTS: Fourteen DEGs, ADIPOQ , ALPK2 , BARX1 , CD37 , CNR2 , COL5A3 , FABP4 , FAP , GPR68 , ITGBL1 , MOXD1 , PODNL1 , SFRP2 , and TRAF3IP3 , were upregulated in metastatic tumors in every database while CADPS , GATA4 , STAR , and TSPAN8 were downregulated. ALPK2 , FAP , SFRP2 , GATA4 , STAR , and TSPAN8 were selected as hub genes significantly associated with survival and recurrence. All hub genes were correlated with tumor microenvironment infiltration, especially cancer-associated fibroblasts and natural killer (NK) cells. Furthermore, the expression of FAP and SFRP2 was positively correlated with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, and their increased protein expression levels in metastatic samples compared with primary tumor samples and normal tissues were confirmed by IHC ( P = 0.0002 and P = 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study describes screening for DEGs in HGSOC primary tumors and matched metastasis tumors using integrated bioinformatics analyses. We identified six hub genes that were correlated with the progression of HGSOC, particularly FAP and SFRP2 , which might provide effective targets to predict prognosis and provide novel insights into individual therapeutic strategies for HGSOC.
Humans ; Female ; Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology* ; Prognosis ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Transcriptome ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/therapeutic use* ; Tetraspanins/genetics* ; Protein Kinases ; Integrin beta1/therapeutic use*

Objective:To explore the responsibilities of respiratory nurses in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patient and the difficulties in disease management, so as to provide reference basis for formulating COPD management training strategies for respiratory nurses.Methods:Using phenomenological methodology, 14 nurses from the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine in the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University and the First People′s Hospital of Yinchuan were interviewed in a personal semi-structured way from May to August 2021, and the data were sorted and analyzed according to Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results:Nurses′understanding of the responsibilities of COPD patient management could be summarized into five themes: dynamic monitoring and management of patients′ health, nursing decision-making of sudden changes in patients′ condition, implementation of patients′ out of hospital follow-up, promotion of improvement of patients′ self-management behavior, and cooperation among multidisciplinary team members. The difficult experience of nurses in the management of COPD patients abstracted five themes: lack of professional knowledge of COPD management, lack of clinical nursing decision-making authority, lack of human and financial support for follow-up, lack of communication skills with patients, and lack of multidisciplinary team formation in the hospital.Conclusions:Respiratory nurses have a clear understanding of the responsibilities of COPD patient management, but there are multiple difficulties in performing their responsibilities. We should pay attention to the responsibility positioning and difficulty support of nurses′ COPD management, and formulate targeted training strategies to promote the improvement of COPD nursing quality.