There are millions of patients with taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy （TIPN）， and there is no effective treatment or prevention measure in clinical practice. The occurrence of TIPN may be related to the dosage form of paclitaxel drugs， genetic and molecular markers， drug dosage and chemotherapy cycle， patient factors， etc. At present， drugs for treating TIPN mainly include those that inhibit axonal degeneration （such as dosazosin， tamsulosin）， prevent mitochondrial dysfunction （such as glutathione trisulfides， antioxidants α -lipoic acid）， improve calcium imbalance in the internal environment （Shaoyao gancao decoction， N-type voltage-gated calcium channel inhibitor IPPQ）， and inhibit neuroinflammation （such as chemokine inhibitors and selective interleukin-8 receptor inhibitors DF2726A）. Further exploration of drug treatment strategies targeting different induction mechanisms is expected to become a new direction for precise clinical prevention and personalized treatment of TIPN.

Objective:To investigate the perinatal prognosis and its impact factors for premature infants with twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) who were born at ≤34 weeks of gestation.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 68 pregnancies of TTTS with gestational age ≤34 weeks at delivery, among them 106 preterm infants (TTTS group) were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from January 2003 to February 2019. During the same period, another 178 twins without TTTS, congenital malformation, and intrauterine intervention who matched the TTTS group in maternal age (differences within two years) and gestational age (differences within one week) were assigned as non-TTTS group. Perinatal prognosis of TTTS infants born at ≤34 weeks was analyzed by comparing the differences in postnatal early complications and perinatal outcomes (survival time morn than 28 days or not) between the TTTS and non-TTTS groups, recipient and donor twins, mild and severe TTTS infants, and among TTTS infants with different intrauterine interventions. The risk factors for perinatal survival in TTTS infants with gestational age ≤34 weeks were analyzed. Two independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, rank-sum test, Chi-square test, and ordered logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results:(1) Among the 68 pregnancies, the overall perinatal survival rate of the neonates was 72.1% (98/136), the double-twin survival rate was 48.5% (33/68), and the rate of at least one survivor was 95.6% (65/68). (2) In the TTTS group, 62 were recipients and 44 were donors. Stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ TTTS was found in 41 cases (mild TTTS group) and stage Ⅲ-Ⅴ in 65 cases (severe TTTS group). (3) The rate of severe brain injury was higher in the severe-TTTS group than those in the mild-TTTS group [9.2% (6/65) vs. 0.0% (0/41), χ 2=4.01, P=0.045]. (4) Gestational age ≤28 weeks ( OR=101.90, 95% CI: 5.07-2 048.37), stage Ⅳ ( OR=14.04, 95% CI: 1.56-126.32) and stage Ⅴ TTTS ( OR=51.09, 95% CI: 3.58-728.81) were independent risk factors for death within 28 days (all P<0.05). (5) Compared with the non-TTTS group, the TTTS group had higher rates of neonatal anemia [51.9% (55/106) vs. 33.1% (59/178), χ 2=9.71], polycythemia [5.7% (6/106) vs. 0.6% (1/178), χ 2=7.18], neonatal persistent pulmonary hypertension [3.8% (4/106) vs. 0.0% (0/178), χ 2=6.81], sepsis [15.1% (16/106) vs. 7.3% (13/178), χ 2=4.40], state Ⅲ or higher retinopathy of prematurity [3.8% (4/106) vs. 0.0% (0/178), χ 2=6.81], congenital cardiac structural abnormality [19.8% (21/106) vs. 0.6% (1/178), χ 2=33.45], heart failure [8.5% (9/106) vs. 0.6% (1/178), χ 2=12.29], and renal insufficiency [14.2% (15/106) vs. 1.1% (2/178), χ 2=20.04] (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with the twin premature infants without TTTS, those with TTTS and ≤34 gestational age were more likely to have cardiac, cerebral, and renal complications. The more severe the TTTS, the higher the incidence of severe brain injury. TTTS preterm infants with gestational age ≤28 weeks and stage Ⅳ or above have high risk of death.

Background Mercury, as a global heavy metal pollutant, poses a serious threat to human health. The toxicity of mercury depends on its chemical form. Distinguishing the forms of mercury in the environment is of great significance for mercury management and reducing human mercury exposure risks. Objective To establish a non-targeted metallomics method based on synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SRXRF) spectroscopy combined with machine learning to screen inorganic mercury (IHg) or methylmercury (MeHg) exposed rice plants. Methods Rice seeds were exposed to ultra-pure water (control group), 0.1 mg·L⁻¹ IHg (IHg group) or MeHg (MeHg group) solutions, respectively. After germination, the seedlings were cultured for 21 d, and rice leaves were collected, dried, weighed, and pressed. The content of metallome in rice leaves was determined by SRXRF. Machine learning models including soft independent modeling cluster analysis (SIMCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and logistic regression (LR) were used to classify the SRXRF full spectra of different groups and find the best model to distinguish rice exposed to IHg or MeHg. Besides, characteristic elements were selected as input parameters to optimize the model by improving computing speed and reducing model calculation. Results The SRXRF spectral intensities of the control group, IHg group, and MeHg group were different, indicating that exposure to IHg and MeHg can interfere the homeostasis of metallome in rice leaves. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) of SRXRF spectra showed that the control group could be well distinguished from the mercury exposed groups, but the IHg group and the MeHg group were mostly overlapped. The accuracy rates of the three models (PLS-DA, SIMCA, and LR) were higher than 98% for the training set, higher than 95% for the validation set, and higher than 94% for the cross-validation set. Besides, the accuracy of the LR model was higher than that of the PLS-DA model and the SIMCA model. Furthermore, the accuracy was 92.05% when using characteristic elements K, Ca, Mn, Fe, and Zn selected by LR to distinguish the IHg group and the MeHg group. Compared with the full spectra model, although the prediction accuracy of the characteristic spectral model decreased, the input parameters of the model decreased by 99.51%, and precision, recall, and F1 score were above 84.48%, indicating that the model could distinguish rice exposed to different mercury forms. Conclusion Non-targeted metallomics method based on SRXRF and machine learning can be applied for high-throughput screening of rice exposed to different forms of mercury and thus decrease the risks of people being exposed to mercury.

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of secondary prevention of stable angina in patients with coronary heart disease in three regions of China， namely Henan Province， Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region， and Tianjin City， and analyze the the influencing factors. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted to include patients with stable angina with coronary heart disease in Henan， Tianjin and Xinjiang from August 10， 2020 to March 14， 2021. General information， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome elements， prescriptions and other data of patients were collected， and clinical characteristics， blood pressure， blood lipid and blood glucose of patients were analyzed； the patients were divided into groups according to whether their blood pressure， blood lipid and blood glucose were up to standard. With the most common syndrome element as the main variable， region， age and gender as covariables， Logistic regression equation was incorporated to analyze the influencing factors for the patients' blood pressure， blood lipid and blood glucose being up to standard. ResultsA total of 1061 coronary heart disease patients with stable angina were included， including 658 in Henan， 210 in Xinjiang， and 193 in Tianjin. The clinical characteristics of patients in the three regions showed statistical different in age， sex， disease course， complication， blood pressure， blood lipid， blood glucose， smoking， drinking， living habits， and medication treatment （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. For the included patients， qi deficiency （79.55%， 844/1061） and blood stasis （39.96%， 424/1061） were the main syndrome elements. The overall compliance rate of blood pressure was 48.89% （506/1035）， blood lipids 12.68% （133/1049） and blood glucose 48.18% （504/1046）. Qi deficiency was the independent factor affecting the blood pressure of coronary heart disease patients with stable angina combined with hypertension （P = 0.029，95%CI ［1.048， 2.369］）， and the independent factors influencing the blood lipid standard of coronary heart disease patients with stable angina （P = 0.011， 95%CI ［1.133， 2.646］）， but not the independent factors affecting blood glucose standard in coronary heart disease patients with diabetes （P＞0.05）. ConclusionCoronary artery disease patients with stable angina have geographical variability in clinical characteristics and distribution of TCM syndrome elements， and the overall control of blood pressure， blood lipids， and blood glucose is poor， and qi deficiency syndrome is an independent risk factor affecting the control of blood pressure and blood lipids.

Objective:To investigate the changes of mortality，causes of death，and cause-specific mortality rate（CMR）of hospitalized neonates in NICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.Method:A retrospective study was performed to compare the mortality，cause of death，and CMR of hospitalized neonates in period Ⅰ（2005-2009），period Ⅱ（2010-2014）and period Ⅲ（2015-2020）.Result:The overall mortality of hospitalized neonates in NICU of our hospital was 0.51%（104/20 493）through 2005 to 2020. The mortality in period Ⅰ，Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 0.61%（48/7 855），0.43%（27/6 209），and 0.45%（29/6 429），respectively. Compared with period Ⅰ，the mortality of preterm infants decreased significantly in period Ⅱ（3.14% vs 1.24%， χ2=14.076， P<0.01）and in period Ⅲ（3.14% vs 0.90%， χ2=25.157， P<0.01）. Eighty-five（81.7%）neonates were premature，and ninety-one（89.2%）neonates had definite abnormal perinatal factors. The CMR of hospitalized neonates related to pulmonary hemorrhage，congenital anomalies，and NRDS were 1.22‰（25/20 493），0.93‰（19/20 493），and 0.59‰（12/20 493），respectively. The CMR of other causes were sepsis 0.44‰（9/20 493），extremely premature 0.34‰（7/20 493），and perinatal asphyxia 0.24‰（5/20 493），respectively. Compared with period Ⅰ，specific mortality of NRDS in period Ⅱ（1.27‰ vs 0.16‰， χ2=5.487， P=0.016）and period Ⅲ（1.27‰ vs 0.16‰， χ2=5.738， P=0.014）significantly decreased. The leading causes of neonatal death in period Ⅰ，period Ⅱ，and period Ⅲ were NRDS，pulmonary hemorrhage，and congenital anomalies，respectively.And 71.2%（74/104）of neonatal deaths occurred within 7 days after birth. Conclusion:The mortality of preterm infants and specific mortality of NRDS in NICU have significantly decreased over the past 16 years.Congenital anomalies and infections remain important causes of death，and further efforts are needed to improve perinatal care.

Objective The potential mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by rhubarb was preliminarily explored by network pharmacology and verified by cell experiments.Methods Based on network pharmacology,component collection and target prediction are carried out through multiple databases.PPI network construction,GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were combined with software to systematically predict the mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by rhubarb.The pathway information predicted by network pharmacology was verified by primary hepatocyte experiments and Western blot experiments.Results The results of network pharmacology showed that RH was the main component of hepatotoxicity induced by rhubarb.Seventeen core targets of hepatotoxicity induced by rhubarb were obtained.KEGG results suggested that DNA damage and apoptosis were one of the key mechanisms of hepatotoxicity induced by rhubarb.The results of primary hepatocytes and Western blot showed that RH could inhibit the viability of primary hepatocytes in a time-dose dependent manner.ABT and SFP can significantly reduce the toxicity of RH on primary liver cells in mice,and RFP can increase the toxicity of RH to mouse primary liver cells.Upregulation of γ-H2AX and PARP-1 protein in primary liver cells of mice after treatment with different concentrations of RH.Conclusion RH in rhubarb can significantly inhibit the viability of mouse primary hepatocytes,and its toxicity to mouse primary hepatocytes is mainly caused by the metabolic activation of RH by CYP 2C9.RH can activate PARP-1 protein,phosphorylate H2AX,induce DNA damage and apoptosis in mouse primary hepatocytes.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of TCM health management based on tertiary management system for patients with myocardial infarction （MI）. MethodsA total of 277 patients with non-acute MI were enrolled and given comprehensive TCM health management strategies including health education， lifestyle adjustment， risk factors control， medication and TCM appropriate techniques management through a tertiary management system with "the patient as the core， village/community physicians as the main executive body， and tertiary TCM hospital specialists as the leading body"， for a period of 12 months by using a prospective single-arm cohort study. Through patient reporting and medical records surveys， various indicators before and after 12-month management were collected and compared. The primary efficacy indicators were readmission rate and recurrent exacerbation rate， and the secondary efficacy indicators included disease awareness-related indicators， lifestyle behavior-related indicators， cardiovascular risk factor-related indicators and Canadian cardiovascular society （CCS） cardiac function classification. ResultsA total of 255 patients completed the study and were included in the final analysis. The recurrent exacerbation and readmission rates of patients after management were 23.14% （59 cases） and 20.25% （49 cases）， respectively， significantly lower than 36.08% （92 cases） and 53.72% （130 cases） before management （P＜0.05）. Except for knowledge on diabetes diagnostic criteria with no significant difference before and after management （P＞0.05）， awareness of other knowledge with regard to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were improved after management （P＜0.01）， as well as the total score （P＜0.01）. In terms of daily life behaviors， the rates of salty diet， sweet diet and greasy diet were significantly lower than baseline， while the rate of moderate exercise was significantly higher （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； the rates of ongoing smoking and vigorous exercise were not significantly changed （P＞0.05）. For cardiovascular risk factors， patients' total cholesterol， low-density lipoprotein （LDL） cholesterol， triglycerides， fasting glucose， total depression assessment scale score， and total anxiety assessment scale score were significantly reduced after management （P＜0.01）. Systolic blood pressure and body mass index （BMI） were both higher after management （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， and there was no statistically significant difference in diastolic blood pressure （P＞0.05）. In terms of the cardiovascular disease risk factors reaching the standard levels， the rate of LDL cholesterol ＜1.8 mmol/L significantly increased （P＜0.01）， while the rate of BMI ＜24 kg/m² and the rate of systolic blood pressure ＜140 mmHg both decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01） from baseline； the diastolic blood pressure and rate of fasting glucose ＜7.0 mmol/L were not significantly changed （P＞0.05）. The patients' CCS cardiac function classification was significantly reduced （P＜0.05）. ConclusionTCM health management based on the tertiary management system can enhance MI patients' awareness of the disease， change poor lifestyle habits， reduce risk factors such as blood lipids and blood glucose， improve anxiety and depression， increase activity tolerance， and reduce their recurrence exacerbation and readmission rates， which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To explore the application of painless diagnosis and treatment technology in children's peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC)guided by ultrasound.Methods Totally 82 children who planned to undergo PICC in the hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group using a random number table method,with 41 cases in each group;The control group underwent conventional ultrasound guided PICC catheterization,while the observation group underwent painless diagnostic and therapeutic techniques using ultrasound guided PICC catheterization;Compare the success rate of catheterization,completion time of catheterization,degree of pain in the child pain[children's pain behavior scale(FLACC)],tolerance[Houpt behavior scale(HBS)],compliance[Frankl scale(FCS)],and family satisfaction between the two groups.Results The success rate of catheterization in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the catheterization time was shorter than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The FLACC score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,while the HBS score and FCS score were higher than those of the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05);The total satisfaction of family members in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The use of painless diagnosis and treatment technology in ultrasound-guided PICC catheterization in children can improve the success rate of catheterization,shorten the catheterization time,reduce the degree of pain in children,enhance tolerance and compliance,and improve family satisfaction.

AIM:Using bioinformatics analysis methods to identify the hub genes involved in myocardial isch-emia-reperfusion injury(MIRI).METHODS:Firstly,the rat MIRI related dataset GSE122020,E-MEXP-2098,and E-GEOD-4105 were downloaded from the database.Secondly,differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were screened from each dataset using the linear models for microarray data(limma)package,and robust DEGs were filtered using the robust rank aggregation(RRA)method.In addition,the surrogate variable analysis(SVA)package was used to merge all datas-ets into one,and merged DEGs were screened using the limma package.The common DEGs were obtained by taking the intersection of the two channels of DEGs.Next,the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network of common DEGs was con-structed,and the hub genes were identified using the density-maximizing neighborhood component(DMNC)algorithm.The receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the hub gene.Then,the mRNA and protein expression levels of hub genes were detected in the rat MIRI model,and the literature re-view analysis was carried out on the involvement of hub genes in MIRI.Finally,the gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)was performed on hub gene to further reveal the possible mechanism in mediating MIRI.RESULTS:A total of 143 robust DEGs and 48 merged DEGs were identified.After taking the intersection of the two,48 common DEGs were obtained.In the PPI network of common DEGs,5 hub genes were screened out,namely MYC proto-oncogene bHLH transcription fac-tor(MYC),prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2),heme oxygenase 1(HMOX1),caspase-3(CASP3),and plasminogen activator urokinase receptor(PLAUR).The ROC results showed that the area under the curve values for all hub genes were greater than 0.8.MYC,PTGS2,CASP3,and PLAUR showed high mRNA and protein expression in rat MIRI,while there was no difference in mRNA and protein expression for HMOX1.The literature review revealed that among the 5 hub genes,only PLAUR has not been reported to be involved in MIRI.The GSEA results for PLAUR indicat-ed that its functional enrichment mainly focused on pathways such as NOD-like receptor signaling pathway,P53 signaling pathway,Toll-like receptor signaling pathway,apoptosis,and fatty acid metabolism.CONCLUSION:MYC,PTGS2,CASP3,HMOX1,and PLAUR are involved in the pathological process of MIRI.PLAUR is a potential hub gene that can mediate MIRI by regulating pathways such as NOD like receptor signaling,P53 signaling,Toll like receptor signaling,cell apoptosis,and fatty acid metabolism.The results can provide reference for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets of MIRI.

Brucellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Brucella infection. So far, animal to animal Brucellosis has not been eradicated, and there is a lack of safe and effective human vaccine. Therefore, "early, combined, sufficient, and full course" drug treatment remains an important strategy in the management of human Brucellosis. The goal of treating brucellosis is to alleviate and shorten the symptom period, reduce complications, relapses, and chronicity. At present, although antibiotic treatment is effective for most patients, there are still some patients who experience treatment failure or later recurrence, so the treatment strategy for brucellosis urgently needs to be optimized. This article elaborates on the treatment principles, clinical treatment status, and future development trends of brucellosis, in order to provide references for optimizing drug treatment methods for brucellosis.