BACKGROUND:As a degradable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering,lactic acid is widely used in tissue regeneration and repair research,and plays an important role in promoting tissue healing,new bone formation and angiogenesis. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of lactic acid degradation products on osteoclasts and to investigate the effects of lactic-interfered osteoclast conditioned medium on the proliferation,migration and tube-forming capacity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. METHODS:(1)The mouse monocyte macrophage cell line RAW264.7 at logarithmic growth period was selected,and adherent cells were cultured in the osteoclast induction medium(DMEM medium with nuclear factor-κB receptor-activating factor ligand and 10%fetal bovine serum)containing different concentrations of lactic acid(0,5,10,20 mmol/L).After 5 days of culture,tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and cytoskeletal fibrillar actin staining were conducted.After 24 hours of culture,RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5.(2)RAW264.7 cells at logarithmic growth period were selected and adherent cells were divided into two groups.Control group was cultured in the osteoclast induction medium,while experimental group was cultured in the osteoclast induction medium containing 10 mmol/L lactic acid.After 5 days of culture,the medium in each group was removed and the cells in the two groups were cultured in the serum-free DMEM medium for another 24 hours.Cell supernatant was then collected and used as the conditioned medium after mixed with an equal volume of DMEM medium containing 10%fetal bovine serum.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells at the logarithmic growth phase were taken and separately co-cultured with the conditioned medium of the control and experimental groups.The proliferation,migration and tube-forming ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells were observed by cell counting kit-8 assay,migration assay,scratch assay and tube-forming assay.The mRNA and protein expression of angiogenesis-related genes and proteins were observed by RT-PCR and western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and cytoskeletal fibrillar actin staining showed that 5 and 10 mmol/L lactic acid promoted osteoclastic differentiation of RAW264.7 cells and the promoting effect of 10 mmol/L lactate was more significant.RT-PCR results showed that the expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5 mRNA of osteoclast-related genes was the highest when the lactic acid concentration was 5,10,and 20 mmol/L(P<0.05),especially 10 mmol/L.Compared with the control group,the proliferation,migration and tube-forming abilities of human umbilical vein endothelial cells were significantly increased in the experimental group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiogenin 1 mRNA and protein were increased in the experimental group(P<0.05).To conclude,lactate-induced osteoclast conditioned medium could promote the angiogenesis of endothelial cells,and the mechanism may be related to the promotion of the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiogenin 1.

BackgroundDepression is a prevalent emotional problem in adolescents， and parental psychological control is an important predictor of adolescent depression. However， existing research on the acting mechanism between the two is not adequate. ObjectiveTo explore the pathway of negative perfectionism and academic stress between parental psychological control and depressive symptoms among secondary school students， so as to provide references for reducing the incidence risk of depression in such population. MethodsFrom February to April 2023， 1 100 students across 2 middle schools and 2 high schools in Zhongshan city were selected as subjects. The survey was conducted adopting Parental Psychological Control Questionnaire， Chinese Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale （CFMPS）， sense of academic stress subscale in Mental Health Inventory of Middle School Student （MMHI-60） and Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale （CES-D）. Spearman correlation analysis was adopted to examine the correlation between scores of all scales above， and Amos 24.0 was used to test the mediating path of negative perfectionism and academic stress between parental psychological control and depressive symptoms among secondary school students. ResultsAmong the 1 009 valid questionnaires withdrew （91.73% of the total）， 261 students were detected to have depressive symptoms （25.87%）. As the results of Spearman correlation analysis showed， the scores of the Parental Psychological Control Questionnaire， score of negative perfectionism dimension in CFMPS， score of sense of academic stress subscale in MMHI-60 and CES-D score were positively correlated with each other （r=0.323~0.644， P<0.05 or 0.01）. The direct effect value of parental psychological control on depressive symptoms in secondary school students was 0.128 （95% CI： 0.061~0.201）， accounting for 31.37% of the total effect. Negative perfectionism and academic stress played independently as intermediatory roles between parental psychological control and depressive symptoms in secondary school students， and the indirect effect values were 0.099 （95% CI： 0.068~0.133） and 0.100 （95% CI： 0.060~0.143）， accounting for 24.27% and 24.51% of the total effect， respectively. Negative perfectionism and academic stress acted combinedly as the chain effect pathway between parental psychological control and depressve symptoms in secondary school students， with the indirect effect value of 0.081 （95% CI： 0.060~0.106） accounting for 19.85% of the total effect. ConclusionParental psychological control can affect the depressive symptoms among secondary school students directly， and through independent or chain paths of negative perfectionism and academic stress indirectly. ［Funded by Zhongshan Social Welfare Technology Research Project （number， 2022B1060）］

Nipah virus(NipahVirus,NiV)is a zoonotic virus that can cause encephalitis and severe respiratory symptoms in humans and animals,and is at risk of being introduced into China.At present,there are many factors related to the transmission of Nipah virus disease(NVD),but the actual effects of these factors are controversial.Therefore,with the help of meta-analysis,this paper aims to determine the current mortality and the main means of transmission of NVD,so as to pro-vide reference for the input of controlling Nipah virus disease and making emergency plans for pre-vention and control in our country.By searching the articles published in Pubmed,Embase,Web of knowledge,CNKI,VIP Chinese Sci-tech Journals Database and Wanfang Database up to December 31,2022,the literature of cross-sectional,cohort and case-control studies with NiV encephalitis fa-tality rate(CFR)and risk factors were selected.Results showed that a total of 25 literatures were included in the meta-analysis after retrieval and screening,and the fatality rate of NiV encephalitis was 64.6％(95％CI,60.8-68.2;I2=96.8％).Subgroup analysis showed that tree climbing(OR=1.43;95％CI:1.05-1.96),bats were seen near their nighttime residence(OR=2.38;95％CI:1.74-3.25)and direct contact with date palm SAP(OR=6.01;95％CI:4.07-8.89)Bananas(OR=2.25;95％CI:1.31-3.85)OR porcine(OR=11.87;95％CI:1.15-122.23)was significantly associated with NiV encephalitis.The results of this study suggest that NiV encephalitis has a high mortality rate,and tree climbing,nocturnal exposure to bats,and exposure to pig,banana,and date palm SAP increase the risk of NiV encephalitis.In order to prevent NiV transmission,epidemic surveillance,education and publicity should be strengthened and protective measures should be taken.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of anti-Sj?gren′s syndrome type A antibody(SSA)and anti-Sj?gren′s syndrome type B antibody(SSB)in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies(IIM)and IIM associated interstitial disease(ILD).Methods A total of 102 patients with IIM were selected.The general information,clinical manifestations and auxiliary examinations were collected.Their positive rates of anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibodies in IIM patients were analyzed.IIM patients were divided into the SS antibody negative group(73 patients)and the SS antibody positive group(29 patients)according to the results of anti SSA and SSB antibody tests.The clinical significance of anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibodies in IIM and IIM related ILD was analyzed.Results Compared with patients in the SS antibody positive group,patients in the SS antibody negative group were more likely to experience dry mouth,increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)and increased immunoglobulin A(IgA)levels(P＜0.05).The general situation score of the MDAAT(myositis disease activity assessment tool)was significantly higher in the SS antibody positive group than that in the SS antibody negative group(P＜0.05),and there were no significant differences in scores of other MDAAT items between the two groups(P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in the positive rate of myositis autoantibodies,recurrence rate,hormone therapy and immunosuppressive therapy between the two groups(P＞0.05).The proportion of patients treated with intravenous human immunoglobulin was higher in the SS antibody positive group than that of the SS antibody negative group(P＜0.05).Non-specific interstitial pneumonia(NSIP)was the most type of ILD in both the SS antibody negative group and the positive group,followed by usual interstitial pneumonia(UIP).Patients with IIM who were positive for anti-SSA/SSB antibodies were more likely to progress to the overlapping syndrome of combined SS.Conclusion Positive anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibodies in IIM patients are associated with dry mouth symptoms,and anti-SSA/SSB antibodies may become one of the important laboratory indicators for judging patient conditions and predicting disease outcomes.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the common chronic complication of diabetes, which can lead to foot ulcers, gangrene, and amputation in severe cases, seriously affecting their quality of life. DPN belongs to the category of "arthralgia", "hemorrhoids" and other categories of TCM, and the main pathogenesis is the deficiency of qi and blood, yin and yang, and the obstruction of the meridians by phlegm and stasis. Clinically, DPN is more common with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. Based on the theory of "qi meridian constant communication" in the Huang Di Nei Jing, this article proposed that for patients with DPN with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, the treatment should be based on the principle of "invigorating qi and activating blood circulation, dissolving stasis and arthralgia", so that the patients' qi meridian can be accessible, delay the disease progression, and provide reference for the TCM treatment of DPN.

ObjectiveTo explore the distribution of pharyngeal microbiota in coal miners exposed to dust. Methods Eight coal miners who had been engaged in occupational dust exposure for more than 20 years were selected as the dust-exposed group, and four coal miners who were not exposed to dust at work were selected as the control group using the judgment sampling method. Pharyngeal secretions of the coal miners were collected with throat swabs, and its pharyngeal microbiota was analyzed. The diversity, abundance and evenness of the microbiota were analyzed by gene sequencing using the 16sRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology. Results A total of 254 operational taxonomic units of pharyngeal microbiota were detected in the coal miners in the control group, which was 210 more than that in the dust-exposed group. The Chao1 index, Shannon index, PD-tree index and Pielou index of pharyngeal microbiota in the dust-exposed group decreased compared with the control group (all P<0.01). The abundance of Bacteroidetes and Clostridum, at the phylum level, in the pharynx of coal miners in the dust-exposed group was higher than that in the control group (all P<0.05). The abundance of Prevotella, Neisseria, and Monas, at the genus level, in the pharynx of coal miners in the dust-exposed group was higher than that in the control group(all P<0.05), while the abundance of Lactobacillus decreased (P<0.05). The analysis results of the receiver operating characteristic curve showed that Lactobacillus, Fusobacterium and Rothia may play a role for pharyngeal microbiota imbalance prediction in dust-exposed workers, and the area under the curves were all 1.00±0.00. Conclusion The species diversity and evenness of pharyngeal microbiota in coal miners exposed to dust are decreased, which may be related to the continuous inhalation of coal dust that disrupts the microbial environment of the throat.

Objective To screen mitochondria-targeting differential genes in alveolar macrophages of silicosis pa-tients and explore the role of mitochondrial homeostasis in alveolar macrophages of silicosis patients.Methods High-throughput sequencing dataset GSE174725 was downloaded,and differentially expressed genes were screened with R software and P＜0.05,|LogFC|＞1,and then intermixed with mitochondrial gene bank MitoCarta3.0 to obtain mitochondria-targeted differentially expressed genes.Then enrichment analysis was carried out to obtain the biological processes and pathways involved in differential genes,and the protein-protein interaction network was constructed.In addition,alveolar macrophages from silicosis patients and healthy controls were collected,the ex-pression levels of differential genes were detected by RT-qPCR,and the expressions of mitochondria-related factors mitochondrial fusion protein 1(MFN1),optic atrophy 1(OPA1)and dynamin-related protein 1(DRP1)in alveolar macrophages of silicosis patients were investigated by Western blot.Results A total of 204 differentially expressed genes were screened in silicosis patients,among which 62 differentially expressed genes were up-regulated,142 dif-ferentially expressed genes were down-regulated,and 22 differentially expressed genes were mitochondria-targeted.The concentration analysis of differentially expressed genes targeted by mitochondria showed that the cell compo-nents mainly enriched included mitochondrial membrane,endoplasmic membrane side components,etc.The bio-logical processes mainly enriched included mitochondrial electron transfer from NADH to ubiquinone,inflammatory response,immune response,etc.The main molecular functions enriched included the rotation mechanism of proton transport ATP synthase activity,NADH dehydrogenase activity,chemokine activity,etc.KEGG enrichment analy-sis mainly focused on the involvement in chemical carcinogenesis-ROS,IL-17 signaling pathway,toll-like receptor signaling pathway,chemokine signaling pathway,TNF signaling pathway,etc.In addition,RT-qPCR results showed that the expressions of mitochondrial cytochrome coxidase 1,mitochondrial cytochrome coxidase 2,mito-chondrial cytochrome coxidase 3,mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase 1,mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase 3,mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase 5,superoxide dismutase and mitochondri-ally encoded ATP synthase 6 gene were down-regulated in silicosis patients(P＜0.05).Western blot and RT-qPCR results showed that,in silicosis patients,the expression of MFN1 and OPA1 decreased(P＜0.05),while the expression of DRP1 increased(P＜0.05).Conclusion Bioinformatics analysis and validation,eight mito-chondrial targeted differential genes(MT-CO1,MT-C02,MT-CO3,MT-ND1,MT-ND3,MT-ND5,SOD and MT-ATP6)were finally obtained,which were enriched in mitochondrial respiratory chain and oxidative stress pathways and might play an important role in the process of silicosis.

Based on the compound pathogenesis theory of malignant tumor,this article combines the theories of positive-evil,yin-yang,and central qi theories with the theory of cancer toxin,pointing out that the deficiency of positive and excess of evil are the basis for the onset of tumors.The pathogenesis characteristics of tumors are the loss of both yin and yang,stagnation of qi,and cancer toxin deeply lurking.The paper believes that the loss of both yin and yang often originates from the spleen and kidney,stagnation of qi is first blamed on the spleen and stomach,and cancer toxin deeply lurking often accompanies multiple evil qi.Based on this,the detoxi-cation method of warming and nourishing is proposed to treat malignant tumors.It is the combination or sequential application of the three methods of warming,nourishing,and detoxification,which play the role of warming and nourishing together,harmonizing yin and yang;promoting the circulation of qi,relieving depression,and regulating emotions;eliminating cancer and toxin,and breaking the combined evil.

Methods: The median sagittal diameter and transverse diameter of the spinal canal from C2 to C7 were measured on CT images. The ratio of the median sagittal diameter to the transverse diameter was calculated. Accordingly, the spinal canal shape of each segment was classified into four, and the specific criteria of lunar phase classification were determined through linear discriminant analysis based on the ratio of the median sagittal diameter to the transverse diameter. The inter-rater reliability of the classification was explored using Kappa coefficients. Finally, the morphology of the different segments of the cervical spinal canal in healthy volunteers was revised and compared. Results: According to the ratio of the median sagittal diameter and the transverse diameter of the cervical spinal canal, the lunar phase classification of the cervical bony spinal canal was determined as follows: full-moon >0.65, 0.55< convex-moon ≤0.65, 0.46≤ quarter-moon ≤0.55, and residual-moon <0.46. The Kappa values of C2–C7 were 0.851, 0.958, 0.823, 0.927, 0.793, and 0.946, and the Kappa value of all C2–C7 segments was 0.854 that mainly presented two forms of full-moon (76.5%) and convex-moon (23.0%). A quarter-moon spinal canal was mainly distributed in C3, C4, C5, and C6; a residual-moon spinal canal was mainly distributed in C4 and C5; and the morphological distribution of C4 and C5 were similar (p>0.05). The frequency of the spinal canal of the residual-moon type was the highest, and the full-moon (6.5%) and residual-moon (7.5%) types of C7 were rare. Conclusions The morphological classification of the cervical spinal canal was established to present anatomical variations. The classification showed good inter-rater reliability.

Objective:To investigate the role of ferroptosis in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) combine with normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) in repairing steatotic liver donor after cardiac death (DCD) in SD rats.Methods:BMMSCs were derived from SD rats to establish the DCD model of rats steatotic liver. A total of 24 rats were randomly divided into four groups: simple steatotic liver model group (Sham), static cold storage group (SCS), NMP, BMMSCs combine with NMP preservation group (BNMP), and the preservation time was 4 hours. The donor liver function was evaluated by liver structure, liver enzymes and lactic acid content of perfusion fluid, bile secretion and inflammatory cytokines; furthermore, in order to evaluate the occurrence of liver ferroptosis, the content of Fe 2+, malondialdehyde and glutathione (GSH) in liver tissue, as well as the mRNA or protein expression changes of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (Ptgs2), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) were detected. Results:After DCD steatotic donor liver was preserved for 4 hours, the liver injury, pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines expression in the BNMP and NMP groups were better than those in the SCS group. During the machine perfusion preservation period, alanine aminotransferase [(189.0±12.5)U/L vs. (227.7±16.2)U/L], aspartate aminotransferase [(207.3±18.6)U/L vs. (247.0±11.8)U/L] and lactic acid [(2.3±0.3)mmol/L vs. (2.9±0.2)mmol/L] in the BNMP group is lower than those in NMP group, moreover, the amount of hepatic bile secretion in the BNMP group [(1 245.7±46.8) μl vs. (1 014.3±67.9) μl] was more than that in NMP group, the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). The content of Fe 2+ and malondialdehyde in the liver tissue of BNMP group was significantly lower than those of SCS and NMP groups, on the contrary, the content of GSH was significantly higher than those of SCS and NMP groups. In addition, in the BNMP group, the mRNA level of Ptgs2 and protein level of COX-2 in the liver were significantly reduced, and expression of GPX4 and FTH1 were significantly higher than those of NMP and SCS groups, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion:BMMSCs combine with normothermic machine perfusion can better repair SD rats DCD steatotic donor liver and its mechanism of action may be related to its regulation on liver ferroptosis.