Objective: To explore the experiences of obesity among junior high school students, and reveal its core themes and essential features, so as to provide evidence for health promotion. Methods: From March to August 2025, semi structured in depth interviews were conducted with 22 obese junior high school students (15 boys,7 girls) aged 13-16 years from two junior high schools in Beijing and one junior high school in Shenyang.Each interview lasted about 40 minutes, and the outline of the interview mainly involved three dimensions: obesity experience, obesity life experience, suggestions and future expectations. Data were analyzed using Moustakas phenomenological method. Results: A total of 4 core themes and 13 sub themes were identified: health experiences (external discipline, health conflicts, perceptual tension), exercise experiences (restricted activity, weight loss expectations, psychological catharsis, physical education test pressure), emotional experiences (appearance anxiety, self soothing, generalized impact), and social experiences (social devaluation, external support, covert suppression). Conclusions Obesity is a complex experience co-constructed by body awareness, physiological indicators, and sociocultural factors. Interventions should enhance students’ body awareness, facilitate a shift from external discipline to internal motivation, and form a collaborative health promotion pathway involving families, schools, and society.

Objective: To explore the longitudinal association between weight trajectories and physical fitness test composite scores among primary school students, so as to provide empirical evidence for school based weight management and physical health promotion. Methods: A total of 2 112 students from a primary school in Beijing who participated in physical fitness assessments annually from 2008 to 2023 were included and classified into different body weight trajectory groups based on body mass index (BMI) threshold: "normal/overweight-obese". Group based trajectory model was used to identify distinct weight trajectories. Generalized estimating equation and Cox regression were used to analyze the associations between weight trajectories and changes in physical fitness test scores, as well as event risks. Robustness checks were conducted. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school students was 26.50%. BMI showed a significant negative correlation with physical fitness composite scores ( r=-0.19, P <0.01). Four types of weight trajectories were identified: persistent normal group (64.5%, 1 362), persistent overweight- obese group (18.2%, 385), normal to overweight-obese group (14.0%, 296), and overweight-obese to normal group (3.3%, 69). Compared to the persistent normal group, both the normal to overweight-obese and persistent overweight-obese groups showed significantly higher risks of failing the physical fitness test ( HR =4.23, 4.60), and the speed of achieving excellent was slower ( HR = 0.52, 0.40) (all P <0.05). Robustness tests confirmed the stability of the findings. Conclusions Body weight trajectories have a long term impact on physical fitness performance among primary school students. Students with persistent or progressive overweight-obese trajectories have limited score improvement and a higher risk of failure; primary school students with persistent or progressive overweight and obesity should be a key focus.

Objective: To explore the interrelationships between mental vulnerability, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and positive psychological capital in medical postgraduates, so as to provide precise intervention targets for mental health services in universities. Methods: From April to June 2025, a convenience sampling method was used to select 1 461 medical postgraduates from three colleges in Hubei Province. Participants were assessed using the Mental Vulnerability Questionnaire (MVQ), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire-Chinese Version (CERQ-C) and the Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PPQ). The network analysis model was constructed using a Gaussian graphical model. Results: The network analysis revealed that the edge connection between somatic symptoms and mental symptoms was the strongest, followed by the connection between refocus on planning and positive reappraisal within cognitive emotion regulation, with edge weights of 0.69 and 0.59, respectively. Interpersonal problems within psychological vulnerability exhibited the highest expected influence( EI =1.27), serving as the core node of the network. Rumination within cognitive emotion regulation demonstrated the highest bridge expected influence( BEI =0.33), playing a critical connecting role among psychological vulnerability, cognitive emotion regulation, and positive psychological capital. Conclusion In the mental health network of medical postgraduates, mental vulnerability, cognitive emotion regulation, and positive psychological capital interact through their respective key dimensions, jointly affect overall mental health.

目的 探究急性脑梗死（ACI）患者血清碱性螺旋-环-螺旋转录因子40（BHLHE40）、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂家族E成员1（SERPINE1）、胆绿素还原酶B（BLVRB）水平与其颈动脉粥样硬化（CAS）程度、近期预后的关系。方法 选择2023年4月—2024年8月邯郸市第一医院（以下简称“本院”）收治的112例ACI患者（研究组），另选取在本院通过健康体检的110例健康人为对照组。根据患者颈动脉内膜中层的厚度（IMT）结果，将研究组患者中的22例纳入正常组，38例纳入增厚组，52例纳入斑块组。以预后评估结果为基准，将研究组患者中的68例纳入预后良好组，44例纳入预后不良组。用ELISA法测定BHLHE40、SERPINE1、BLVRB在ACI患者血清中的表达水平；多因素Logistic回归分析ACI预后不良危险因素；ROC曲线分析BHLHE40、SERPINE1、BLVRB的预测价值。结果 与对照组比较，研究组患者血清BHLHE40、SERPINE1、BLVRB水平明显升高（P<0.05）；与正常组对比，增厚组、斑块组患者血清BHLHE40、SERPINE1、BLVRB水平明显升高，且斑块组显著高于增厚组（P<0.05）；与预后良好组比较，预后不良组血清BHLHE40、SERPINE1、BLVRB水平及NIHSS评分明显提高（P<0.05）；在ACI患者中，血清BHLHE40、SERPINE1、BLVRB水平升高，NIHSS评分提高是其预后不良的危险因素（P<0.05）；BHLHE40、SERPINE1、BLVRB联用，预测ACI预后不良的AUC为0.939；联合预测AUC优于单独预测（Z值分别为3.804、3.197、3.240，P<0.05）。结论 ACI患者血清BHLHE40、SERPINE1、BLVRB水平升高，三者不仅与病情进展相关，亦是预后的影响因素；联合检测可有效提升对ACI不良预后的预测效能。

Objective: To develop and compare multiple machine learning models for identifying high-risk college students exhibiting phubbing behavior and to determine key predictive factors, so as to provide evidence for precise screening and early intervention strategies. Methods: In December 2025, 1 828 undergraduate students, selected from three universities in Wuhan by using convenience sampling method, were surveyed via online qustionnaire for sociodemographic characteristics, phubbing behavior, family cohesion index, mature happiness, fear of negative evaluation, multidimensional state boredom, and psychological vulnerability. Four machine learning algorithms, including multilayer perceptron (MLP), extreme gradient booting (XGBoost), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), and gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), were applied. The dataset was randomly split into a training set and a test set at a ratio of 7∶3. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, recall, F1-score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The best performing model was further interpreted using shapley additive explanation (SHAP) analysis to assess feature importance. Results: In the training set,955 participants were classified as having low level phubbing behavior, and 325 participants were classified as having high level phubbing behavior. Significant differences were observed in psychological vulnerability, multidimensional state boredom, family cohesion index, and mature happiness between groups ( Z =-10.29, -11.72, -8.17, -7.83, all P <0.05). Significant differences were also found in the detection rate of high level phubbing behavior according to family residence, family status, left behind experience,interpersonal relationships,exercise frequency,physical flexibility,and sleep status ( χ 2=12.22, 38.93, 16.90, 44.64, 58.17, 82.14, 37.89, all P <0.05). Among the four machine learning models (MLP, KNN, GBDT, XGBoost),all showed good discrimination ability, with XGBoost performing best (accuracy 79%, recall 71%, F1-score=0.70, AUC=0.78), while GBDT achieved the highest precision (78%). Feature importance analysis showed that multidimensional state boredom was the most important predictor of phubbing behavior, followed by psychological vulnerability, family cohesion, mature happiness, and fear of negative evaluation. SHAP analysis indicated that multidimensional state boredom, psychological vulnerability, and fear of negative evaluation had positive risk effects, while family cohesion and hedonic well being had protective effects for high risk of phubbing behavior. Conclusions Multidimensional state boredom is the core predictor of phubbing behavior among college students. The XGBoost model demonstrates good predictive performance and can provide a reference for identifying high risk individuals and implementing targeted interventions.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Yifei Jianpi prescription on the of signal transducer and activator of transcription protein 1 （STAT1）/interferon regulatory factor 3 （IRF3） signaling pathway in a pneumonia model induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） and to explore the mechanism of Yifei Jianpi prescription in improving lung immune and inflammatory responses. MethodsSixty male SPF SD rats were used in this study. Ten rats were randomly assigned to the normal control group， and the remaining 50 were instilled with LPS in the trachea to establish a pneumonia model. After successful modeling， the rats were randomly divided into the model group， dexamethasone group （0.5 mg·kg^-1）， and Yifei Jianpi prescription high-dose （12 mg·kg^-1）， medium-dose （6 mg·kg^-1）， and low-dose （3 mg·kg^-1） groups， with 10 rats in each group. Treatment was administered once daily， and the normal control and model groups received the same volume of normal saline. After 14 days， flow cytometry was used to detect the classification of whole blood lymphocytes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure serum levels of immunoglobulin G （IgG）， immunoglobulin A （IgA）， immunoglobulin M （IgM）， and the content of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-8 （IL-8）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and interleukin-10 （IL-10） in alveolar lavage fluid （BALF）. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe lung tissue pathology and score the damage. Thymus weight， spleen weight， and wet-to-dry weight ratio （W/D） were recorded. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression of STAT1， IRF3， IL-6， and interferon-alpha （IFN-α） in lung tissues， while Western blot was performed to assess the protein expression of STAT1， IRF3， IL-6， and IFN-α. ResultsCompared with the normal control group， the model group showed significantly increased proportion of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood， decreased proportions of NK cells and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ （P<0.05， P<0.01）， decreased serum levels of IgG and IgA， significantly increased IgM levels （P<0.01）， significantly elevated content of TNF-α， IL-6， and IL-8 in BALF， and significantly decreased IL-10 levels （P<0.01）. Lung tissue damage was evident， with significant increases in thymus and spleen weights and a higher W/D ratio （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression of STAT1， IRF3， IFN-α， and IL-6 in lung tissues was significantly upregulated （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Yifei Jianpi prescription groups showed significantly reduced proportions of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood， increased proportions of NK cells and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratios （P<0.05， P<0.01）， significantly increased serum levels of IgG and IgA， significantly decreased IgM levels （P<0.05， P<0.01）， significantly reduced levels of TNF-α， IL-6， and IL-8 in BALF， and significantly increased IL-10 levels （P<0.01）. Lung tissue damage was alleviated， thymus and spleen weights were significantly reduced， and the W/D ratio was markedly decreased （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression of STAT1， IRF3， IFN-α， and IL-6 in lung tissues was significantly downregulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionYifei Jianpi prescription can alleviate lung tissue damage and improve immune and inflammatory responses in LPS-induced pneumonia rats. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of STAT1/IRF3 signaling pathway activation.

Given the current ethical issues such as unknown high risks in the clinical application of new biomedical technology， thus， medical institutions need to establish new technology management systems， including clarifying the concept， the assessment and admission mechanism， and ethical management systems of new technology. According to the direction of the development of new technology in the medical institution， the ethics review committee should also perfect the management system of ethics committees and the professional composition of ethics review committee members， improve the ability of ethics committee members to evaluate new biomedical technology， increase the assessment of ethical risks of new technology in the preliminary review stage， strengthen the requirements for emergency plan formulation， as well as set the frequency of the follow-up review based on the risk level of new technology. The ethics review committee should work together with the medical management department to formulate an ethical standardization training system for the clinical application of medical technology in the institution， and regularly conduct training for all staff， to promote medical workers’ understanding of the management requirements of biomedical technologies. Different types of new biomedical technology have different ethical risks. Therefore， the medical management departments and ethics review committees of medical institutions should formulate specific management rules based on the characteristics of new technology types. However， it should be noted that when new biomedical technology generally is first introduced into clinical practice， there are often issues regarding fairness and justice in the use of the technology.

BACKGROUND:Micro-robots have the characteristics of small size,flexibility,and strong targeting,and can complete complex tasks in a single or clustered manner in a narrow environment.With the continuous optimization of materials,preparation processes,and driving approaches,they have shown increasingly important application value in the field of biomedicine. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the application of field-driven micro-robots in medical field and to look forward to their application prospect. METHODS:Using"microrobots,nanorobots,drivers,biomedical,medical"as Chinese keywords and"microrobots,micro-robots,nanorobots,micromachine,microswimmer,medical"as English keywords,WanFang Data and PubMed databases were searched,respectively.The search time range was from January 2010 to January 2024,and a small number of long-term articles were included.Through reading the titles and preliminarily screening the abstracts,the repetitive studies,low-quality journals,and irrelevant literature were excluded.After reading the entire text,66 papers were finally included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Field-driven medical micro-robots mainly include magnetic,optical,thermal,ultrasonic,and multi-mixed factor-driven robots.Field-driven robots have been used in intestinal diagnosis,drug targeting therapy,and stem cell therapy.Medical micro-robots are currently only used in a small number of clinical applications,but most of which are still in the theoretical and experimental stages.Medical micro-robots will face many challenges in future,such as large-scale preparation,precise control of micro-robots,recycling or degradation in vivo,whether the materials used will cause adverse reactions to the human body,and the related minimally invasive medical procedures.

Objective Using meta-analysis to identify the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods A computerized retrieval of academic papers concerning the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI from the databases of CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP,SinoMed,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,and Cochrane Library was conducted.The retrieval time period was from the establishment of the database to January 2024.In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the study,two independent reviewers screened the literature according to the preset inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted key data,and strictly evaluated the quality of the literature.RevMan5.4 software was used to make meta-analysis.Results A total of 23 articles with a total of 9 780 cases were included in this analysis.The results of meta-analysis showed that reperfusion time ≥6 h(OR=1.52),preoperative TIMI blood flow≤level-Ⅰ(OR=1.12),heavy thrombus burden(OR=1.60),advanced age(OR=1.56),diabetes(OR=1.83),preoperative Killip grade≥Ⅲ(OR=2.52),long target vessel disease(OR=1.95),and collateral flow≤level-Ⅰ(OR=1.61)were the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI.Preoperative systolic blood pressure＜90 mmHg(OR=1.17)and high white blood cell(WBC)count(OR=1.27)were not the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI.Conclusion Reperfusion time ≥ 6 h,preoperative TIMI blood flow≤level-Ⅰ,heavy thrombus burden,advanced age,diabetes,preoperative Killip grade≥level-Ⅲ,long target vessel lesion,and collateral blood flow≤level-Ⅰ are the independent risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI.

Objective To compare the diagnostic values of different detection methods for respir-atory pathogens in children with acute respiratory infections.Methods A total of 862 children with a-cute respiratory infections were enrolled,and their throat swab samples were tested for seven common respiratory pathogens by the dual amplification method and a self-built nucleic acid detection system.For samples with inconsistent results between the two methods,nested polymerase chain reaction(PCR)was performed for verification.Results The positive detection rate of the dual amplification method was 57.75％,which was significantly higher than 30.14％of the self-built nucleic acid detec-tion system,and the detection rate of mixed infections was 10.14％,which was also significantly high-er than 1.97％of the self-built nucleic acid detection system(P＜0.05).The sensitivity of the dual amplification method was 91.63％,which was significantly higher than 72.61％of the self-built nu-cleic acid detection system,and the specificity was 92.31％,which was also significantly higher than 75.62％of the self-built nucleic acid detection system(P＜0.05).Conclusion The dual amplifica-tion method can simultaneously detect the ribonucleic acid of seven respiratory pathogens with high sensitivity and specificity,demonstrating significant clinical application value.