Objective:To investigate and evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a modified anterior approach for transpupillary silicone oil removal combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.Methods:A retrospective case-control study. A total of 148 patients (148 eyes) who underwent silicone oil removal combined with cataract surgery at the Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital between January 2020 and November 2024 were included in the study. All affected eyes underwent preoperative examinations including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure, corneal topography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Based on the method of silicone oil removal, the eyes were divided into two groups: group A (modified anterior approach transpupillary silicone oil removal combined with phacoemulsification and IOL implantation, 99 eyes) and group B (standard pars plana vitrectomy for silicone oil removal combined with phacoemulsification and IOL implantation, 49 eyes). The surgical duration, changes in BCVA and intraocular pressure at 1 day, 7 days, and 1 month postoperatively, as well as the incidence of complications such as corneal edema and its resolution, conjunctival congestion, iris prolapse, posterior capsule rupture, nucleus drop, IOL position, residual silicone oil in the vitreous cavity or anterior chamber, vitreous hemorrhage, recurrent retinal detachment (RD), and choroidal detachment or hemorrhage, were compared between the two groups. The independent sample t-test was used for the comparison of measurement data between the two groups, and the χ2 test was used for the comparison of count data. Results:The operation time of group A and group B was (17.01±1.28) min and (31.62±2.32) min, respectively. The operation time of group A was significantly shorter than that of group B, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=?41.002, P<0.001). The comparison of BCVA ( t =?0.561, ?0.833, ?1.386) and IOP ( t=?0.055, 1.375, ?0.507) between the two groups of affected eyes before surgery and at 1 day and 7 days after surgery showed no statistically significant differences ( P>0.05). There was no silicone oil residual in group A, while 3 eyes in group B were observed with silicone oil residual (6.1%, 3/49). Neovascular glaucoma was observed in one eye. Compared to group A, group B exhibited a statistically significant increase in the incidence of postoperative conjunctival congestion, silicone oil retention, and posterior capsular opacification ( χ2=10.600, 6.187, 92.617; P<0.05). In contrast, no statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in the incidence of corneal edema or recurrent retinal detachment (RD) ( χ2=0.272, 1.557; P>0.05). No intraoperative complications, such as iris prolapse, posterior capsular rupture, nucleus drop, zonular dehiscence, choroidal detachment, or hemorrhage, occurred in any of the operated eyes. Furthermore, no postoperative complications, including corneal endothelial decompensation, IOL displacement, or endophthalmitis, were observed during the follow-up period. Conclusion:Compared to the conventional pars plana approach for silicone oil removal combined with cataract surgery, the modified anterior perfusion transpupillary approach demonstrated significantly shorter surgical duration and a reduced incidence of postoperative complications.

Objective:To investigate and evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a modified anterior approach for transpupillary silicone oil removal combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.Methods:A retrospective case-control study. A total of 148 patients (148 eyes) who underwent silicone oil removal combined with cataract surgery at the Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital between January 2020 and November 2024 were included in the study. All affected eyes underwent preoperative examinations including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure, corneal topography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Based on the method of silicone oil removal, the eyes were divided into two groups: group A (modified anterior approach transpupillary silicone oil removal combined with phacoemulsification and IOL implantation, 99 eyes) and group B (standard pars plana vitrectomy for silicone oil removal combined with phacoemulsification and IOL implantation, 49 eyes). The surgical duration, changes in BCVA and intraocular pressure at 1 day, 7 days, and 1 month postoperatively, as well as the incidence of complications such as corneal edema and its resolution, conjunctival congestion, iris prolapse, posterior capsule rupture, nucleus drop, IOL position, residual silicone oil in the vitreous cavity or anterior chamber, vitreous hemorrhage, recurrent retinal detachment (RD), and choroidal detachment or hemorrhage, were compared between the two groups. The independent sample t-test was used for the comparison of measurement data between the two groups, and the χ2 test was used for the comparison of count data. Results:The operation time of group A and group B was (17.01±1.28) min and (31.62±2.32) min, respectively. The operation time of group A was significantly shorter than that of group B, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=?41.002, P<0.001). The comparison of BCVA ( t =?0.561, ?0.833, ?1.386) and IOP ( t=?0.055, 1.375, ?0.507) between the two groups of affected eyes before surgery and at 1 day and 7 days after surgery showed no statistically significant differences ( P>0.05). There was no silicone oil residual in group A, while 3 eyes in group B were observed with silicone oil residual (6.1%, 3/49). Neovascular glaucoma was observed in one eye. Compared to group A, group B exhibited a statistically significant increase in the incidence of postoperative conjunctival congestion, silicone oil retention, and posterior capsular opacification ( χ2=10.600, 6.187, 92.617; P<0.05). In contrast, no statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in the incidence of corneal edema or recurrent retinal detachment (RD) ( χ2=0.272, 1.557; P>0.05). No intraoperative complications, such as iris prolapse, posterior capsular rupture, nucleus drop, zonular dehiscence, choroidal detachment, or hemorrhage, occurred in any of the operated eyes. Furthermore, no postoperative complications, including corneal endothelial decompensation, IOL displacement, or endophthalmitis, were observed during the follow-up period. Conclusion:Compared to the conventional pars plana approach for silicone oil removal combined with cataract surgery, the modified anterior perfusion transpupillary approach demonstrated significantly shorter surgical duration and a reduced incidence of postoperative complications.

Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) is a malignant pediatric tumor requiring new therapies. Accumulating evidence has confirmed that micro RNAs play critical roles in NB metastasis. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is capable of inhibiting the growth of NB cells. The primary objective of the current investigation was to characterize a newly discovered microRNA, miR-32-5p, in terms of the functional role, underlying mechanism of action, and potential synergistic therapeutic impact in the context of NB metastasis. Materials and methods: Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were employed to assess the expression levels of miR-32-5p and its target, vacuolar protein sorting 4B (VPS4B). Furthermore, Transwell assay was utilized to evaluate in vitro cell migration and invasion, whereas a metastasis xenograft model was established in nude mice via caudal vein injections. Results: Gene Expression Omnibus database and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that miR-32-5p was downregulated in human NB samples and NB cell lines, in comparison with the normal tissue and cell lines. Inhibiting miR-32-5p induced the migration and invasion of NB cells, whereas overexpression of miR-32-5p prevented the migration and invasion in NB cell lines. Furthermore, VPS4B was identified as the direct target of miR-32-5p and the miR-32-5p reduction associated with NB metastasis upregulated the expression of VPS4B. Conversely, overexpression of VPS4B reversed the suppressive effects ofmiR-32-5p onNB cells. Moreover, miR-32-5p increased the sensitivity to DHA both in NB cells and in the metastasis xenograft model of nude mice. Conclusions: The downregulation of miR-32-5p in NB regulates NB metastasis by targeting VPS4B. Moreover, miR-32-5b can improve the sensitivity of DHA in the xenograft mouse model. Our findings have important implications for the combined application of miR-32-5p and DHA in the treatment of NB.

Objective To observe the influence of the staining phenomenon after fluorescein sodium staining on eye irritation in normal rabbits.MethodsIn the experimental rabbit eye irritation test conducted with sodium chloride eye drops, Siwei Zhenceng Bingpeng eye drops, sodium hyaluronate eye drops, sodium cromoglycate eye drops, and compound aspartate eye drops (4 in each group, half male and half female), the left eyes of rabbits were administered normal saline (self-negative control) and the right eyes were administered the experimental medicine; the eyes were stained with 1% sodium fluorescein, and eye irritation was observed and scored using slit lamp microscope for 31 days. Morphological changes of corneal epithelial staining were recorded and the incidence of staining was calculated. After the observation, the eyeballs and Hasselblad glands were examined histopathologically, and the staining rate of the left eye was compared with that of the right eye which was administered the corresponding medicine.ResultsNeither eye had any irritation symptoms; the scores were 0, and the total incidences of corneal staining were 3% (left) and 1% (right), respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Corneal epithelial staining showed single-spot staining, scattered dot, localized, or large areas of fusion staining. No histopathological changes were found in the eyeballs or Hasselblad glands, and the results were evaluated as non-irritative.Conclusion The irregularity of corneal epithelial staining in rabbits did not influence the results of the ocular irritation test.

Objective To analyze the thickness of cornea and corneal epithelium in healthy subjects by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Methods Totally 100 healthy subjects aged between 20 and 30 years were analyzed by OCTA technique.Using AngioVue OCTA system of retinal imaging mode,and using SSADA algorithm for imaging,the cornea and the corneal epithelium in the central corneal diameter range of 9 mm were measured.The differences of corneal and corneal epithelial thickness in different gender regions were compared.Results In the male and female group,the corneal central total thickness were (559.92 ±33.26) μm and(540.06 ±31.63)μm,and the corneal epithelial thickness were(57.78 ±4.88) μm and(56.88 ±4.57) μm,The total central corneal thickness and central corneal epithelial thickness of the male were greater than those of the female,the difference was statistically significant (t =3.06,2.10;all P ＜ 0.05).The cornea of male was the thickest at S5,S7 and SN9,there were significant differences at S5 and S7 compared with female (t =2.93,2.83;all P ＜ 0.05);The female cornea was the thickest at S5,SN7 and SN9,and the difference was significant at S5 compared with male.The cornea of male subjects was the thinnest at IT,which was statistically significant only at IT5 compared with female subjects in the same area (t =2.02,P ＜ 0.05);The cornea of female subjects was the thinnest at T5,IT7 and T9,which was statistically significant only at T5 and T9 compared with male subjects in the same region (t =2.63,2.20;all P ＜ 0.05);There was significant difference in corneal thickness between male and female at ST (t =3.1 1,2.79,2.33;all P ＜ 0.05).The corneal epithelium was the thickest at IT5,I7,and I9,and the lowest at S5,S7 and S9,and there was no significant difference compared with female in the same region (all P ＞ 0.05).The corneal epithelium of female at the IT5,T7,N9 were the thickest,SN5,S7,S9 were the thinnest;Except for M2 and SN5,there was no significant differences in corneal epithelium between male and female groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Corneal central epithelium accounted for the largest percentage of total corneal thickness,and gradually decreased from inside to outside.Conclusion OCTA can be used to measure the thickness of corneal and corneal epithelial regions.

Objective To observe Rongxin Pills in the treatment of viral myocarditis in children (deficiency of both qi and yin and heart meridian stasis syndrome) and the effectiveness and clinical application of safety.Methods Viral myocarditis patients (280 cases,deficiency of both qi and yin and heart meridian stasis syndrome),according to 3:1 ratio as the test group (n =21 0) and control group (n =70).The test group took orally Rongxin pills each time 4.5～9 g,3 times daily;the control group oral coenzyme Q10 capsule each time 10 ～ 20 mg,twice daily.The course of treatment was 28 d.The experiment was carried out with the random and double blind method.The symptoms of myocarditis,integrated and electrocardiogram,echocardiography,myocardial enzymes,as well as the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine and improvement of the effect of the disease were observed.Results The results of FAS (PPS) analysis showed that 28 d after treatment,the symptom score and mean of experimental group and control group were 5.975 (6.000) and 4.721 (4.788).The syndromes of the total effective rates were 91.62％ (90.59％) and 70.59％ (71.21％),curative effect the total effective rates were 90.14％ (92.08％) and 72.06％ (72.73％).The total effective rate of experimental group was higher than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant.In this experiment,three cases of clinical adverse events were reported,which were not related to the experimental drug.It also not belongs to adverse drug reactions.Conclusion Rongxin Pill in the treatment of viral myocarditis in children (deficiency of both qi and yin and heart meridian stasis syndrome) is more effective than coenzyme Q 10 capsule,and there was no indication of higher risk of clinical application.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of computer-assisted postural balance training system combined with Bobath balance training on balance disorders after cerebellar stroke.Methods Forty patients with balance disorders after cerebellar stroke were randomly divided into either a combined training group or a control group (n =20 in each group).The control group was trained with Bobath balance training and routine rehabilitation treatment.On the basis of this,the combined training group used the computerassisted postural balance training system for rehabilitation treatment.The balance function,activities of daily living and motor function were evaluated with the Berg Balance Scale (BBS),modified Barthel Index,mBI)and Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) before and after treatment,and the computer-assisted postural balance training system was used to conduct the postural balance ability according to the center of gravity track length,rectangle area of track,and peripheral area of track.Results There were no significant differences in various indexes before treatment between the patients of both groups.The scores of BBS,mBI and FMA after treatment were increased obviously (all P ＜ 0.001).The the center of gravity track length,rectangle area of track,and peripheral area of track were decreased compared before treatment (P ＜0.001 or 0.05).In addition to the FMA score,all the indexes of the combined training group after treatment were significantly better than those of the control group (all P＜0.05).Conclusions On the basis of Bobath balance training,using computer-assisted postural balance training system can obviously improve the balance disorder and extremities motion ability after cerebellar stroke,and thus improving the activities of daily living in cerebellar stroke patients.

Fifty two adult male rats were selected for the investigation the adrenergic and cholinergic innervation of rat heart by means of histochemical demonstration of catecholamine fluorescence and acetylcholinesterase (ACHE). Consecutive method was employed on the same section to demonstration the relation between the distribution of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves in various parts of rat heart, e. g. atrium, ventricular myocardium, valves, epicardium, endocardium, atrioventricular node and coronary arteries. Adrenergic and cholinergic terminals innervated all parts dually. By comparing the photographs demonstrating the fluorescence CA and AChE on the same section treated by the consecutive method, we found that the location, the density and morphology of both types of nerve terminals were more like. In other words, under light microscopy the localization of both terminals can hardly be distinguished from each other. Such kind of morphological relation may strongly support the results of interaction between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems in physiological and pharmacological experiments of heart.In the cardiac ganglia there are some small intense fluorescence ceils (SIF-cells) lying besides the postganglionic cholinergic cells of the parasympathetic nervous system. Both kinds of cells were shown in close contact with each other in the same section with consecutive method. This morphological relation provided an evidence that catecholamine containing SIF-cells may control and regulate the neurotransmission of parasympathetic cholinergic neurons.

The innervation and distribution of 5-HT cells in gastric wall of rabbit and rat were studied by means of histochemical techniques of monoamine fluorescence and cholinesterase. And the morphological relation between them was investigated using the consecutive method for demonstrating the fluorescence and ChE on the same section. At the fundic gland, 5-HT cells were in contact with both the adrenergic and cholinergic axonal terminals. There are adrenergic and cholinergic terminals to innervate the gland cells of fundic gland, partial fundic gland the dual axonal terminal are identical in their localization and morphological outline. The loyer of muscle and smooth muscles surrounding the arteriole in various stomach layers were innervated by both adrenergic and cholinergic terminals, some of them are superimposed at the samelocalization. There are a lot of nsChE nerve ending network in gastric lamina propria beneath epithelium of gastric mucous membrane, it was discussed about their sensory nature in this paper.