OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of action of Fushao Diqin Decoction in the treatment of colorectal cancer.METHODS In vitro cell experiments were conducted using Fushao Diqin Decoction to treat colorectal cancer CT-26 cells,and the cell proliferation and migration abilities were detected.Flow cytometry was used to detect the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in colorectal cancer CT-26 cells,as well as the levels of iron ions(Fe2+),malondialdehyde(MDA),and the activity of su-peroxide dismutase(SOD).PCR Array and Western blot methods were used to analyze and verify the differential gene expression of ferroptosis.Balb/c mice were randomly divided into a blank control group,a model group,an oxaliplatin group(1.5 mg·kg-1·d-1),a low-dose group of Fushao Diqin Decoction(4.49 g·kg-1·d-1),a medium dose group of Fushao Diqin Decoction(8.97 g·kg-1·d-1),and a high-dose group of Fushao Diqin Decoction(17.94 g·kg-1·d-1)for in vivo animal experi-ments.The effects of Fushao Diqin Decoction on Fe2+,ROS,MDA levels,SOD activity,and Nrf2,Keap1,SLC7A11 and GPX4 ex-pression levels in mouse tumor tissues were tested.RESULTS In vitro cell experiments showed that compared with the blank control group,Fushao Diqin Decoction significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer CT-26 cells in a dose-de-pendent manner.Fushao Diqin Decoction could increase the Fe2+content(P＜0.05)and ROS level(P＜0.01)in colorectal cancer CT-26 cells,increase the MDA level in CT-26 cells of colorectal cancer(P＜0.01)and significantly reduce SOD activity(P＜0.01).Iron death PCR array analysis found that compared with the blank control group,after intervention with Fushao Diqin Decoc-tion,the expression of genes GPX4 and SLC7A11 was significantly downregulated,while the expression of GSTA1,HMOX1,Ca9,Chac1,Keap1,Sqstm1,NOX1,FTH1,Tfr1,SAT2,Pparg,and Hamp was significantly upregulated.Western blot analysis revealed that after intervention with Fushao Diqin Decoction,the expression of Keap1 protein was upregulated(P＜0.01),while the expression of Nrf2,SLC7A11,and GPX4 proteins was downregulated(P＜0.01)in colorectal cancer CT-26 cells.The results of in vivo animal experiments showed that Fushao Diqin Decoction significantly inhibited the growth of subcutaneous transplanted tumors in mice(P＜0.05),increased the degree of tumor tissue necrosis,and levels of Fe2+,ROS,and MDA(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),decreased SOD ac-tivity(P＜0.01)and upregulated Keap1 protein expression(P＜0.01),while downregulated Nrf2,SLC7A11,and GPX4 protein ex-pression(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION Fushao Diqin Decoction has an anti-colorectal cancer effect and may promote ferroptosis in colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway to exert its anti-colorectal cancer effect.

Based on the compound pathogenesis theory of malignant tumor,this article combines the theories of positive-evil,yin-yang,and central qi theories with the theory of cancer toxin,pointing out that the deficiency of positive and excess of evil are the basis for the onset of tumors.The pathogenesis characteristics of tumors are the loss of both yin and yang,stagnation of qi,and cancer toxin deeply lurking.The paper believes that the loss of both yin and yang often originates from the spleen and kidney,stagnation of qi is first blamed on the spleen and stomach,and cancer toxin deeply lurking often accompanies multiple evil qi.Based on this,the detoxi-cation method of warming and nourishing is proposed to treat malignant tumors.It is the combination or sequential application of the three methods of warming,nourishing,and detoxification,which play the role of warming and nourishing together,harmonizing yin and yang;promoting the circulation of qi,relieving depression,and regulating emotions;eliminating cancer and toxin,and breaking the combined evil.

Background::Primary cardiac lipoma is very rare, and no consensus has been developed regarding its ideal treatment strategy. This study reviewed the surgical treatment of cardiac lipomas in 20 patients over 20 years.Methods::Twenty patients with cardiac lipomas were treated at Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College from January 1, 2002, to January 1, 2022. The patients' clinical data and pathological reports were retrospectively analyzed, and the follow-up with a range of 1 year to 20 years was conducted.Results::The cardiac lipomas were located in the right atrium (RA) or superior vena cava (SVC) in seven patients (35%) (RA in six patients and SVC in one patient), left ventricle in eight patients (40%) (left ventricular chamber in four patients and left ventricular subepicardium and myocardium in four patients), right ventricle in three patients (15%) (right ventricular chamber in one patient and right ventricular subepicardial layer and myocardium in two patients), subepicardial interventricular groove in one patient (5%), and pericardium in one patient (5%). Complete resection was achieved in 14 patients (70%), including seven patients with lipomas in the RA or SVC. Incomplete resection occurred in six patients (30%) with lipomas in the ventricles. No perioperative deaths occurred. Long-term follow-up was conducted for 19 patients (95%), including two (10%) who died. Both patients who died had lipomas incompletely resected due to ventricles involvement, and preoperative malignant arrhythmias persisted post-operatively.Conclusions::The complete resection rate was high, and the long-term prognosis was satisfactory in patients with cardiac lipomas that did not involve the ventricle. The complete resection rate was low in patients with cardiac lipomas in ventricles; and complications, including malignant arrhythmia, were common. Failure of complete resection and post-operative ventricular arrhythmia are correlated with post-operative mortality.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)+SpyGlass system versus percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGD)+ERCP in the treatment of acute cholecystitis secondary to choledocholithiasis. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of the patients with acute cholecystitis secondary to choledocholithiasis who were treated in Department of Gastroenterology, Jilin City People's Hospital, from December 2019 to September 2021, among whom there were 23 patients in the ERCP+SpyGlass group and 19 patients in the PTGD+ERCP group. The two groups were compared in terms of the indicators such as surgical technical success, surgical operation time, surgical clinical success, postoperative recovery, length of hospital stay, and complications. The two-independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups; the chi- square test or the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. Results Compared with the PTGD+ERCP group, the ERCP+SpyGlass group had a significant reduction in C-reactive protein after surgery ( Z =2.999, P =0.003). There were no significant differences between the two groups in technical success rate ( χ 2 =1.735, P =0.188), clinical success rate ( χ 2 =0.846, P =0.358), total time of operation ( t =1.667, P = 0.113), white blood cell count on day 1 after surgery ( t =1.075, P = 0.289), length of postoperative hospital stay ( t =1.560, P =0.127), and incidence rate of complications (all P > 0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of acute cholecystitis secondary to choledocholithiasis, the ERCP+SpyGlass system has a comparable clinical effect to PTGD+ERCP and is safe and effective, without increasing surgery-related adverse events and risks, and it can also solve the problems of the biliary tract and the gallbladder at one time through natural orifices, with no scars on body surface and convenient postoperative nursing. Therefore, it holds promise for clinical application.

Objective To evaluate the differentiation of mouse tracheal epithelial cells ( MTEC) at an air-liquid interface and to investigate the influences of influenza virus on the cystic fibrosis transmem-brane conductance regulator ( CFTR) in primary cultured MTEC for further elucidating the possible mecha-nism of imbalanced fluid and salt transportation in respiratory system caused by influenza virus infection . Methods The morphology of primarily cultured MTEC was observed under inverted microscope .Trans epi-thelial electrical resistance ( TEER) was measured by a resistance meter to evaluate the integrity of cultured MTEC.An Ussing chamber apparatus was used to record the short-circuit current of primary cultured MTEC . Results The primarily cultured MTEC clustered together and had a tight pavement-like appearance under light microscope .The TEER was greater than 1000 Ωafter 6 days of culture .Influenza virus could reduce the short-circuit current of CFTR to (52.77±10.30)％in intact cell membrane and to (41.50±1.09)％in monolayer MTEC after increasing the permeability of basement membrane .It had been proved that CFTR was essential to maintaining the balance of fluid and salt transportation in respiratory system.Conclusion Mouse MTEC are efficiently cultured at a air-liquid interface and the primarily cultured cells are highly simi-lar to those in a normal physiologic state .Influenza virus may block the secretion of anions through inhibiting the function of CFTR , which may induce the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the incidence of asthma .

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of repair of full-thickness skin defects in nude mice with tissue-engineered skin which was constructed by culture of human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) and fibroblasts on human de-epidermized dermis (DED).Methods Healthy human amniotic tissues were treated with trypsin at a low concentration in multi-steps to prepare hAECs,and a two-step collagenase digestion was used to treat healthy children's prepuce tissues to prepare fibroblast suspensions.When fibroblasts were cultured in vitro up to passage 3-5 and hAECs up to passage 2,they were seeded on the reticular dermal surface and basement membrane surface of the DED respectively to construct the tissueengineered skin.A total of 20 heahhy male nude mice aged 3-4 weeks were enrolled into this experiment,and full-thickness skin defects were made on the middle of the back of mice.Then,these mice were randomly divided into 2 groups by using a lottery method,and reconstructed full-thickness tissueengineered skin grafts and vaseline oil gauze were used to cover the wounds in the tissue-engineered skin group and control group respectively.The whole body and transplantation sites of the nude mice were observed on day 7,14,21 and 28 after transplantation,the wound healing time and rate were compared between the above two groups,and skin tissues at the transplantation site were harvested at 4 weeks after transplantation and subjected to histological examination.Results HAECs had stem-cell characteristics and expressed octamer-binding protein-4 (OCT-4) and embryonic marker stage-specific embryonic antigen4 (SSEA-4).After 2-week organ culture,the in vitro reconstructed tissue-engineered skin showed 4-9 continuous layers of stratified epithelium,and the histological structure of the epidermis was similar to that of the normal human skin.Compared with the control group,the tissue-engineered skin group showed significantly higher wound healing rates on day 7,14 and 21 after transplantation (57.49％ ± 6.11％ vs.22.93％ ± 4.26％,92.80％ ± 3.10％ vs.54.57％ ± 7.94％,98.83％ ± 0.25％ vs.91.16％ ± 4.79％,respectively;n =10,t =27.36,32.23,11.80,respectively,all P ＜ 0.001),shorter wound healing time [(21.51 ± 1.51) d vs.(28.80 ± 1.14) d,n =10,t =42.23,P ＜ 0.001],with the color of skin grafts closer to that of autologous skin on day 28 after transplantation.Histological examination revealed distinct stratification of the epithelium,obvious keratinization and favorable growth of cells in the dermis in the tissue-engineered skin group,but thin epithelium with some defects,indistinct stratification of the dermis,and inflammatory cell infiltration in the control group.Condusion Tissue-engineered skin constructed by the culture of hAECs and fibroblasts on human DED can survive in nude mice after transplantation,resulting in a more favorable healing of wounds,and is expected to serve as a kind of ideal tissue-engineered skin.

Objective To study the interactions between the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 nucleoprotein (H5N1 NP) and NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK),and to reveal the effect of H5N1 NP on NIK-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity.Methods The gene encoding NIK protein was amplified by RT-PCR from total RNA of HeLa cell line.Eukaryotic expression plasmid pCMV-Myc-NIK and prokaryotic expression plasmid pGEX-4T-1-NP (GST-NP) were constructed by cloning from HeLa cell cDNA and pcDNA3-Flag-NP vector,respectively.Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and GST pull-down were used to test the interactions between H5N1 NP and NIK.Dual-luciferase reporter gene analysis system was used to test the effect of H5N1 NP on NIK-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity.Results Co-IP and GST pull-down showed that pCMV-Myc-NIK and pGEX-4T-1-NP (GST-NP) could express Myc tagged NIK protein and GST tagged NP protein in HEK293T cells and E.coli,respectively,and that H5N1 NP was associated with NIK in vivo and in vitro.Dual-luciferase reporter gene analysis suggested that H5N1 could inhibit NIK-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity.Conclusion H5N1 NP interacts with NIK and inhibits NIK-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity.This finding can facilitate further study of H5N1.

The present study was to examine the effect of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on bilateral regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) and postoperative cognitive function. Eighty patients undergoing selective coronary artery bypass graft with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were randomly and equally divided into two groups. The patients in group S were given right SGB with ropivacaine, while the patients in group C were injected with normal saline. We compared the bilateral rSO2 after SGB. Minimum Mental State Examination (MMSE), Visual Verbal Learning Test (VVLT), and Digital Span Test (DST) were applied to observe the effect on cognitive function. We found that the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) 7 days after surgery in group S was lower than that in group C. The level of blocked side rSO₂ of S group were significantly higher before CPB time of rewarming than that before SGB (P < 0.05), much higher than corresponding non-blocked side rSO₂ before CPB (P < 0.05), and much higher than rSO₂ level in group C before CPB and after CPB (P < 0.05). The non-blocked side rSO₂ in group S before anesthesia were much lower than basic levels and those in group C (P < 0.05). It could be concluded from the above results that there was significant increase in the blocked-side rSO₂ compared to the non-blocked side and there was significant decrease in the incidence of POCD compared to the control group after SGB.
Autonomic Nerve Block ; adverse effects ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; adverse effects ; Cerebrum ; physiology ; Cognition ; Cognition Disorders ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Incidence ; Oxygen ; physiology ; Oxygen Consumption ; Postoperative Complications ; Stellate Ganglion

Objective To investigate the effects of an ar?turmerone derivative(ATD)on the proliferation and apoptosis of A375 human melanoma cells. Methods Both A375 cells and human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) were cultured with different concentrations(5, 10, 20, 40 and 80μmol/L)of ATD, vincristine and ar?turmerone, separately, for 48 hours in vitro. Subsequently, cell counting kit?8 (CCK?8) was used to evaluate cell proliferation, inverted microscopy to observe cell morphology after acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining, and a colorimetric method to estimate caspase?3 activity. DNA fragmentation assay and flow cytometry were performed to assess cell apoptosis, and flow cytometry was conducted to analyze cell cycle. Results ATD, vincristine and Ar?turmerone all inhibited the proliferation of A375 cells in a dose?dependent manner(ATD:R2=0.99, F=340.96, P<0.05;vincristine:R2=0.99, F=349.19, P<0.05;ar?turmerone:R2=0.89, F=25.41, P<0.05). The fifty percent inhibitory concentra?tions(IC50s)of ATD, vincristine and ar?turmerone against A375 cells were 15.96 ± 0.02μmol/L, 77.00 ± 0.04μmol/L and 356.95 ± 0.01μmol/L respectively. When the drug concentrations were 5 and 10μmol/L, the proliferation of HSFs was inhibited by 8%± 0.06%and 25%± 0.02%respectively by ATD, by 49%± 0.09%and 34%± 0.07%respectively by ar?turmerone, and by 33%± 0.04%and 29%± 0.08%respectively by vincristine, and the proliferation of A375 cells was inhibited by 26%± 0.06%and 39%± 0.02%respectively by ATD, by 6%± 0.09%and 10%± 0.07%respectively by ar?turmerone, and by 8% ± 0.04% and 17% ± 0.08% respectively by vincristine, with the inhibitory effects of the three drugs being significantly different from that of dimethyl sulfoxide(all P<0.05). ATD showed stronger inhibitory effects on the proliferation of A375 cells, but weaker cytotoxic effects on HSFs compared with ar?turmerone and vincristine(all P<0.05). Meanwhile, ATD, vincristine and ar?turmerone all induced the apoptosis of A375 cells(P<0.05), and caspase?3 activity increased with the increase in drug concentrations(ATD:R2=0.98, F=162.30, P<0.05;vincristine:R2=0.96, F=94.39, P<0.05;ar?turmerone:R2=0.95, F=57.35, P<0.05). The effect of ATD on caspase?3 activity was strongest, followed by that of vincristine and ar?turmerone. As flow cytometry showed, all the three drugs induced cell apoptosis to different degrees, and ATD showed a relatively strong effect on cell apoptosis, especially late apoptosis, compared with the other two drugs. In the ATD group, the number of A375 cells in G1 phase gradually increased, while that in G2 phase and S phase significantly decreased with the increase in drug concentrations. Conclusions ATD exhibited proliferation?inhibiting and apoptosis?inducing effects on A375 cells, and the effects were stronger than those of vincristine and ar?turmerone. It is quite possible that ATD affects cell proliferation and differentiation by activating caspase?3 and arresting cell cycle in the G1 phase.

Objective To explore the impact of patients with esophageal cancer knowing diagnosis on the mental health of their children and investigate the factors.Methods 107 family carriers whose parent diagnosed esophageal cancer in General Hospital of Jinan Command were interviewed.Respondents were categorized into two groups:one group was those whose parents knew their diagnosis(Group A,n=45)and the other group was those whose parents did not know(Group B,n=62).The Chinese version of Self-reporting Inventory(SCL-90) was used.Results The scores of 107 children of esophageal cancer patients in depression(1.62±0.30),anxiety(1.78±0.34) and hostility (1.93±0.47) were higher than national norms (P＜0.01).Compared with group A,group B showed a significant higher degree of anxiety((1.89±0.33) vs (1.62±0.33),P＜0.01).In multiple regression analysis,age and the knowledge of esophageal cancer diagnosis had statistically significant difference (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Patients' knowledge of the esophageal cancer diagnosis contribute to relieving family carers' symptoms of anxiety.