OBJECTIVE To screen and quantitatively analyze the quality marker （Q-Marker） associated with anti-renal fibrosis in Shenqi shenshuai mixture （SQSS）， so as to provide references for the analysis of pharmacodynamic substances and new drug transformation of SQSS. METHODS The chemical components of SQSS were characterized by untargeted metabolomics. Combined with network pharmacology， gene expression omnibus （GEO） and connectivity map （CMAP） databases， the anti-renal fibrosis Q-Markers of SQSS were screened. HPLC-MS/MS was applied to determine the contents of Q-Markers in 10 batches of SQSS. RESULTS A total of 1 319 compounds were identified from SQSS via untargeted metabolomics，and 84 active ingredients with anti-renal fibrosis activity were further screened out， such as formononetin. Nine anti-renal fibrosis Q-Markers were obtained by network pharmacology and GEO database， including berberine， quercetin， honokiol， nicotinamide， daidzein， coumarin， kaempferol， formononetin and amygdalin. The quantitative results showed that the average contents of the above components （excluding amygdalin） in 10 batches of SQSS were 2.523， 1.942， 26.848， 1.415， 0.692， 0.171， 0.374， 7.401 μg/mL， respectively. CONCLUSIONS Nine anti-renal fibrosis Q-Markers of SQSS were screened in this study， and the contents of eight among them were determined. The results can provide a basis for elucidating the pharmacodynamic material basis and promoting the new drug transformation of SQSS.

OBJECTIVE To screen and quantitatively analyze the quality marker （Q-Marker） associated with anti-renal fibrosis in Shenqi shenshuai mixture （SQSS）， so as to provide references for the analysis of pharmacodynamic substances and new drug transformation of SQSS. METHODS The chemical components of SQSS were characterized by untargeted metabolomics. Combined with network pharmacology， gene expression omnibus （GEO） and connectivity map （CMAP） databases， the anti-renal fibrosis Q-Markers of SQSS were screened. HPLC-MS/MS was applied to determine the contents of Q-Markers in 10 batches of SQSS. RESULTS A total of 1 319 compounds were identified from SQSS via untargeted metabolomics，and 84 active ingredients with anti-renal fibrosis activity were further screened out， such as formononetin. Nine anti-renal fibrosis Q-Markers were obtained by network pharmacology and GEO database， including berberine， quercetin， honokiol， nicotinamide， daidzein， coumarin， kaempferol， formononetin and amygdalin. The quantitative results showed that the average contents of the above components （excluding amygdalin） in 10 batches of SQSS were 2.523， 1.942， 26.848， 1.415， 0.692， 0.171， 0.374， 7.401 μg/mL， respectively. CONCLUSIONS Nine anti-renal fibrosis Q-Markers of SQSS were screened in this study， and the contents of eight among them were determined. The results can provide a basis for elucidating the pharmacodynamic material basis and promoting the new drug transformation of SQSS.

Objective To analyze personal external exposure dose monitoring results of pet hospital radiation workers in Beijing from 2022 to 2024, and to provide scientific evidence for developing effective monitoring protocols, standardizing radiological practices in pet hospitals, and protecting the health of both workers and the public. Methods Personal dose equivalents, H_p(10), were measured using GR-200A thermoluminescent dosimeters. Monitoring included radiation workers at 286 pet hospitals across all 16 districts of Beijing from 2022 to 2024. Each monitoring cycle lasted no more than 90 days. Annual effective doses were calculated by summing the results of four consecutive quarterly cycles. Data were processed and analyzed using Access and TLPS 6.41 software. All evaluations complied with national laws, regulations, and technical standards. Results A total of 1,579 person-time measurements were recorded. Only 51.87% of workers completed the full four-cycle annual monitoring schedule. Over the study period, the mean annual effective dose was 0.29 mSv, and the median dose was 0.14 mSv. The collective effective dose was 238.34 man-mSv. Notably, 94.26% of workers had annual effective doses below 1.0 mSv, and only 0.12% had doses at or above 5 mSv. Dose levels showed a statistically significant downward trend (P<0.05). Both independent and chain-branded clinics had a median annual effective dose of 0.14 mSv. In independent clinics, the proportion of workers with doses below 1.0 mSv increased from 80.77% in 2022 to 98.82% in 2024. In chain-branded clinics, this proportion rose from 96.88% to 98.11% over the same period. Conclusion Radiation exposure among pet hospital workers in Beijing remains at low levels, well below regulatory limits, and shows an overall declining trend. The disparity in personal doses between independent and chain-branded pet hospitals has diminished over time. Nevertheless, the industry still faces challenges such as high staff turnover and low monitoring completion rates. Expanding monitoring coverage and harmonizing protection standards would provide a scientific basis for precise, nationwide regulation.

Objective To sort,summarize,and introduce key terms related to guideline reporting,evaluation,dissemination,implementation,and updating.Methods We systematically searched guideline de-velopment manuals and methodological literature from database inception to October 25,2024.Terms related to guideline reporting,updating,evaluation,and implementation were extracted,standardized,and finalized through a structured consensus process.Results A total of 13 guideline manuals and 32 methodological articles were included,yielding 14 core terms with standardized definitions.Conclusions This article introduces key terms such as reporting standards,external review,and research gaps across guideline development phases to promote concept application and deepen readers'understanding of guideline development.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence status and the clinical characteristics of hepatitis D virus (HDV) among patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the Xinjiang region.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted. Serum samples from 1 830 patients with chronic HBV infection who visited the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from December 2022 to October 2023 were collected. All sera were tested for anti-HDV IgG and IgM. Sera positive for anti-HDV IgG or IgM were selected for HDV RNA detection. HDV RNA-positive sera were sequenced to determine the HDV genotype. Age, gender, HBV course, and anti-HBV treatment status were used as scoring items based on the propensity score matching (PSM) method. Chronic HBV patients with negative anti-HDV were matched in a ratio of 1∶1. The clinical characteristics of anti-HDV -positive-patients were analyzed. The t-test was used for comparison between groups of normally distributed continuous data. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for comparison between groups of skewness distribution. The χ2 test was used for comparison between groups of enumeration data. Results:The positive detection rates of anti-HDV IgG, anti-HDV IgM, and HDV RNA in 1 830 cases with chronic HBV infection were 2.24% (41/1 830), 1.09% (20/1 830), and 1.69% (31/1 830), respectively. All HDV RNA-positive patients had HDV genotype 1. Two anti-HDV-positive patients had negative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Gender, age, HBV course, and anti-HBV treatment status had no significant difference. The quantification of HBsAg, liver biochemical indexes (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bile acids), the proportion of patients with liver cirrhosis, and alpha-fetoprotein were significantly higher in the anti-HDV-positive group than in those in the anti-HDV-negative group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The prevalence rate of HDV in chronic HBV-infected patients at a single center in the Xinjiang region was 2.24%, with the primary genotype being 1. Furthermore, overlap infection should be paid attention to because it might aggravate liver damage.

Objective To explore the application value of shear wave elastography(SWE)in non-invasive quantitative assessment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in children,and provide diagnostic clues for early clinical intervention in children with NAFLD.Methods A total of 362 children voluntarily examined in Inner Mongolia Maternal and Child Health Hospital from February 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the study objects,and were divided into NAFLD group(216 cases)and control group(146 cases)according to the examination results.The age,sex,body mass index(BMI),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),y-glutamyl transferase(γ-GGT),uric acid,total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL),insulin,high density lipoprotein(HDL),glucose,aspartate aminotransferase of two groups of children were collected and compared.Spearman rank correlation was used for correlation analysis.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to determine the predictive value of Young's modulus to NAFLD.Results BMI,liver Young's modulus,portal flow velocity,ALT,y-GGT,uric acid,TC,TG,LDL and insulin in NAFLD group were significantly higher than those in control group,while HDL was significantly lower than that in control group(P＜0.05).Liver Young's modulus was positively correlated with portal flow velocity,BMI,ALT,y-GGT,uric acid,TC,TG,LDL and insulin,and negatively correlated with HDL(P＜0.05).ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve of liver Young's modulus predicted NAFLD in children was 0.873(95％CI:0.836-0.910),sensitivity was 75.0％,specificity was 93.2％.Conclusion SWE can evaluate NAFLD non-invasively,real-time and quantitatively,and provide important clinical diagnostic information for early intervention and treatment of children with NAFLD.

Objective:To evaluate the short-term and long-term outcomes of patients with locally advanced low rectal cancer who achieved clinical complete response (cCR) or near-clinical complete response (near-cCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and then underwent local excision.Methods:This was a descriptive case series study. Clinical data of patients with low rectal cancer who received neoadjuvant therapy, achieved cCR or near-cCR, underwent local excision, and had complete postoperative follow-up data were retrospectively analyzed. The study period was from May, 2015 to October, 2024, and the patients were treated at Fujian Medical University Union Hospital. Indications for local excision in this study were as follows: pathologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma, with the lower edge of the tumor ≤ 6 cm from the anal verge; maximum diameter of the lesion ≤ 2 cm after nCRT; no regional lymph node metastasis detected by transrectal endoscopic ultrasound (ERUS), pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) after nCRT; MRI showing fibrosis of the primary lesion with a small amount of high signal on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), consistent with ymrT0-1 stage; serum carcinoembryonic antigen level within the normal range (< 5 μg/L) after nCRT; complicated with severe underlying diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and assessed as unable to tolerate radical surgery through comprehensive evaluation; and signed informed consent for local excision. The contraindications were: colonoscopic pathology indicating poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma or signet ring cell carcinoma; suspected lateral lymph node metastasis before neoadjuvant therapy; patients with residual lesions exceeding 3 cm in range after treatment. A total of 153 patients were included in this study, including 84 males and 69 females. The median age was 62 years, and the median distance from the tumor to the anal verge after neoadjuvant therapy was 4.0 cm. The short-term efficacy indicators of this study included postoperative complications of local excision and postoperative pathological results, and the long-term efficacy indicators included oncological prognosis (3-year cumulative local recurrence rate, 3-year cumulative distant metastasis rate, 3-year progression-free survival, and 3-year overall survival) and anal function at 1 year after surgery evaluated using the Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS) scale where the total score is 42 points such that 0-20 points indicate no LARS, 21-29 points indicate mild LARS, and 30-42 points indicate severe LARS.Results:Postoperative pathology showed 122 cases (79.7%) of ypT0 stage, 10 cases (6.5%) of ypT1 stage, 18 cases (11.8%) of ypT2 stage, and 3 cases (2.0%) of ypT3 stage. The incidence of surgery-related complications was 42.5% (65/153), and the main complications included perianal pain (39.9%, 61/153), intestinal wall incision dehiscence (21.6%, 33/153), and intestinal wall incision infection (18.3%, 28/153). The proportion of patients who received hypofractionated radiotherapy before surgery and developed intestinal wall incision dehiscence was 65.2% (15/23), which was higher than that in the conventional long-course (13.6%, 16/118) and short-course radiotherapy groups (16.7%,2/12) (χ 2=30.55, P<0.001); of the 20 patients who received additional immunotherapy before surgery, 13 developed intestinal wall incision dehiscence was 65.0%, which was higher than that in the group without additional immunotherapy [15.0%(20/133),χ 2=25.66, P<0.001]. The median follow-up time of the entire group was 35.4 months. During the follow-up period, there were 9 cases of postoperative local recurrence, with a 3-year cumulative local recurrence rate of 7.9% and 5 cases of distant metastasis, with a 3-year cumulative distant metastasis rate of 5.0%. The 3-year progression-free survival rate was 89.0%, and the 3-year overall survival rate was 95.9%. At 1 year after surgery, 10 cases (10.5%, 10/95) had severe anal dysfunction, and the median LARS score of the entire group was 5.0 (range: 0-41.0) points. Conclusions:For patients with locally advanced low rectal cancer who achieve cCR or near-cCR after neoadjuvant therapy, local excision results in favorable oncological prognosis and anal function preservation effects; however, the incidence of complications is relatively high.

Objective To classify the foot types of young Chinese males,extract characteristic indicators of foot types,and construct a standard foot type database.Methods Foot type data from 1 483 healthy young male individuals were collected.Spectral clustering algorithm was utilized to categorize foot types,and a deep neural network(DNN)was employed for training the classification model.Layer-wise relevance propagation(LRP)and the correlation coefficient method were combined to extract foot type features,and the differences in various foot type characteristics were compared.Results Spectral clustering yielded 4 distinct foot type categories.Foot type 1 was characterized by a high-arched foot with a prominent big toe,inwardly rotated 5th toe,and a high heel with a wide foot;foot type 2 was characterized by a narrow foot with hallux valgus;foot type 3 was characterized by a low-arched foot with hallux valgus;foot type 4 was characterized by a high-arched foot with a prominent big toe.By integrating interpretable neural networks and the correlation coefficient method,nine indicators were extracted from 27 foot type indicators,including the heel to the sole length,hallux height,navicular bone height,lateral malleolus height,hallux valgus angle,5th toe angle,dorsal foot circumference,heel angle,and longitudinal arch angle.The classification model constructed with these extracted indicators achieved an overall discrimination accuracy rate of 93.67％.Conclusions Chinese young males can be classified into four typical foot types.By examining the rearfoot,midfoot,and forefoot regions,nine key foot morphology parameters,including length,height,circumference,and angle,can be extracted.These parameters provide both theoretical and empirical support for establishing normative data on foot morphology for Chinese young males and for advancing biomechanical researches on the foot and ankle.

Objective To explore the effect of cognitive-motor dual tasks with different cognitive loads(none,simple and difficult)on activation of prefrontal cortex and static posture control in young man.Methods From June to July,2024,27 healthy male college students were recruited in Hebei Normal University.Static postural control parameters(C90 area),lower limb electromyography data(muscle energy proportion)and pre-frontal cortex hemodynamic signals of subjects under single task without cognitive load,dual-task with simple cognitive load,and dual-task with difficult cognitive load were collected using a balanced testing and training system,a wireless surface electromyography device,and functional near-infrared spectroscopy technology.Results The C90 areas of dual-tasks with simple and difficult cognitive load were smaller than that of the single task without cognitive load(P<0.05).The proportion of β band energy in the medial and lateral gastrocnemius mus-cles in the dual-task with simple cognitive load was greater than that in the single task without cognitive load(P<0.05),while the proportion of piper band energy in the lateral gastrocnemius muscle and tibialis anterior muscle was less(P<0.05).During dual-task with difficult cognitive load,the activation levels of bilateral ventro-lateral prefrontal cortex and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were higher than those in the single task without cognitive load(P<0.05).Conclusion Dual tasks with appopriate cognitive loads are effective on postural stability in young man.Simple cognitive load promote posture maintenance through optimizing the neuromuscular control of the lower limb muscle groups,while difficult cognitive load through activating the right prefrontal cortex involved in working memory and executive control,involving the neurocognitive compensatory.

Objective To explore the application value of shear wave elastography(SWE)in non-invasive quantitative assessment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in children,and provide diagnostic clues for early clinical intervention in children with NAFLD.Methods A total of 362 children voluntarily examined in Inner Mongolia Maternal and Child Health Hospital from February 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the study objects,and were divided into NAFLD group(216 cases)and control group(146 cases)according to the examination results.The age,sex,body mass index(BMI),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),y-glutamyl transferase(γ-GGT),uric acid,total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL),insulin,high density lipoprotein(HDL),glucose,aspartate aminotransferase of two groups of children were collected and compared.Spearman rank correlation was used for correlation analysis.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to determine the predictive value of Young's modulus to NAFLD.Results BMI,liver Young's modulus,portal flow velocity,ALT,y-GGT,uric acid,TC,TG,LDL and insulin in NAFLD group were significantly higher than those in control group,while HDL was significantly lower than that in control group(P＜0.05).Liver Young's modulus was positively correlated with portal flow velocity,BMI,ALT,y-GGT,uric acid,TC,TG,LDL and insulin,and negatively correlated with HDL(P＜0.05).ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve of liver Young's modulus predicted NAFLD in children was 0.873(95％CI:0.836-0.910),sensitivity was 75.0％,specificity was 93.2％.Conclusion SWE can evaluate NAFLD non-invasively,real-time and quantitatively,and provide important clinical diagnostic information for early intervention and treatment of children with NAFLD.