Objective: To analyze the relationship between Toll like receptor ( TLR ) 9 and TLR 7 gene polymorphisms among children with hand-foot-mouth disease in a medical institution of Jinan City from 2020 to 2023, so as to provide reference for prevention of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods: Data of 284 preschool children aged 3-6 with hand-foot-mouth disease, including the season pattern, clinical manifestations, pathogen distribution, were collected in department of pediatric infectious diseases of the Second Children & Women s Healthcare of Jinan from 2020 to 2023. The distribution conditions of TLR 9 and TLR 7 genotypes of enterovirus 71 (EV71) subtype and coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) subtype were compared by Chi square test. Hardy Weinberg equilibrium test was used to characteristic sample population distribution, and Logistic regression analysis in the additive genetic model was adopted to evaluate the relationship between TLR 9 and TLR 7 gene polymorphisms with hand-foot-mouth disease subtype. Results: The time to admission after symptom onset with hand-foot-mouth disease among 284 children was mostly >2-4 d ( 45.42% ), followed by ≤2 d ( 44.72% ). The season pattern was mostly in summer (58.10%). The severity was mostly mild ( 69.72% ), and the main clinical manifestations were skin rash (100.00%) and fever (65.49%). The majority pathogen was EV71 (60.56%). Hardy Weinberg equilibrium test showed good population representation ( P >0.05). Logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the relationship between TLR9 rs 187084 locus and hand-foot-mouth disease subtypes under the additive genetic model after adjusting for age and gender of the study population, and it was found that compared with those without C allele, each additional C allele increased the risk of CA16 subtype hand-foot-mouth disease by 109% ( OR=2.09, 95%CI =1.13-3.27). Analysis of relationship between TLR 7 rs 3853839 locus and hand-foot-mouth disease subtype showed that compared with those without C allele, the risk of EV71 subtype hand-foot-mouth disease increased by 57% for each additional C allele ( OR=1.57, 95%CI = 1.10 -2.11) ( P <0.05). Conclusions From 2020 to 2023, children with hand-foot-mouth disease in a medical institution of Jinan City is mostly mild and caused by EV71 infection. The polymorphism of rs 3853839 locus of TLR 7 may be related to EV71 infection in children with hand-foot-mouth disease, and the polymorphism of rs 187084 locus of TLR 9 may be related to CA16 infection.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Danggui Zicao ointment on diabetic pruritus caused by heat and wind in blood. Methods:A total of 197 patients with diabetic pruritus caused by heat and wind in blood who received treatment in Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from November 2020 to March 2022 were included in this randomized controlled study. They were randomly divided into a control group ( n = 99) and an observation group ( n = 98). Based on basic hypoglycemic treatment, the control group was given oral levocetirizine hydrochloride tablets, while the observation group was externally given Danggui Zicao ointment. Both groups were treated for 4 successive weeks. Pre- and post-treatment 12-Item Pruritus Severity Scale (12-PSS) score and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups. Results:After 4 weeks of treatment, the 12-PSS score in each group significantly decreased compared with that before treatment ( t = 18.09, 11.31, both P < 0.05). The 12-PSS score in the observation group was (7.72 ± 1.64) points, which was significantly lower than (9.35 ± 2.18) points in the control group ( t = 3.52, P < 0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was 87.8% (86/98), which was significantly higher than 76.8% (76/98) in the control group ( χ2 = 4.06, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Danggui Zicao ointment can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients with diabetic pruritus caused by heat and wind in blood, improve quality of life, and deserves clinical promotion.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a well-tolerated, safe and noninvasive physical brain stimulation method, which has been widely used in the treatment of some common mental disorders and neurological diseases and has achieved certain clinical effects. It is necessary to develop expert consensus on clinical treatment to improve the use norms in related fields. According to the clinical research published before August 2021 and the method of evidence-based medicine, we published an expert consensus on tDCS in the treatment of depressive disorders, schizophrenia, substance use-related disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep disorders, pain, Parkinson′s disease, stroke, and epilepsy. The consensus also introduced the safety and efficacy of the clinical use of tDCS, and standardized the treatment process and operation technology, aiming to provide guidance for the clinical application of tDCS and promote the standardized development of this treatment technology in the future.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a well-tolerated, safe and noninvasive physical brain stimulation method, which has been widely used in the treatment of some common mental disorders and neurological diseases and has achieved certain clinical effects. It is necessary to develop expert consensus on clinical treatment to improve the use norms in related fields. According to the clinical research published before August 2021 and the method of evidence-based medicine, we published an expert consensus on tDCS in the treatment of depressive disorders, schizophrenia, substance use-related disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep disorders, pain, Parkinson′s disease, stroke, and epilepsy. The consensus also introduced the safety and efficacy of the clinical use of tDCS, and standardized the treatment process and operation technology, aiming to provide guidance for the clinical application of tDCS and promote the standardized development of this treatment technology in the future.

Objective:To study the illumination for distance vision evaluation of the pilots wearing night vision goggles (NVGs).Methods:The distance vision was tested by circular visual acuity chart for flying personnel 5 m apart from subjects. The Illuminance on the surface of chart was set 300 lx for naked eye and 1×10 -1 lx and 1×10 -3 lx for NVG aided eyes. The naked and NVG distance visions of 15 healthy male volunteers were tested under all illuminations. The differences of NVG distance vision were compared between the illuminations of 1×10 -1 lx and 1×10 -3 lx to determine the proper level for evaluation. The naked and NVG distance visions of 20 male pilots were tested to verify the feasibility and necessity of the test, but NVG tests were only at 1×10 -1 lx level. Results:Volunteers′ left distance vision was 0.67±0.39, the right was 0.67±0.38 and the binocular was 0.80±0.40. Their NVG distance vision under 1×10 -1 lx was 0.53±0.22, 0.59±0.25 and 0.63±0.24 respectively, comparing with the vision of 0.30±0.11, 0.34±0.11 and 0.36±0.11 under 1×10 -3 lx. The difference showed statistical significance ( P<0.05). In verification test, the left, right and binocular NVG distance vision of 20 pilots under 1×10 -1 lx was 0.63±0.16, 0.64±0.14 and 0.73±0.12 respectively, comparing with their left, right and binocular naked vision of 1.12±0.32, 1.08±0.37, and 1.37±0.37 respectively. Conclusions:The tests indicated that 1×10 -1 lx would be the appropriate illumination level for pilot′s NVG distance vision evaluation. And it is necessary to evaluate pilot′s NVG distance vision before night flight mission.

Objective:To study the illumination for distance vision evaluation of the pilots wearing night vision goggles (NVGs).Methods:The distance vision was tested by circular visual acuity chart for flying personnel 5 m apart from subjects. The Illuminance on the surface of chart was set 300 lx for naked eye and 1×10 -1 lx and 1×10 -3 lx for NVG aided eyes. The naked and NVG distance visions of 15 healthy male volunteers were tested under all illuminations. The differences of NVG distance vision were compared between the illuminations of 1×10 -1 lx and 1×10 -3 lx to determine the proper level for evaluation. The naked and NVG distance visions of 20 male pilots were tested to verify the feasibility and necessity of the test, but NVG tests were only at 1×10 -1 lx level. Results:Volunteers′ left distance vision was 0.67±0.39, the right was 0.67±0.38 and the binocular was 0.80±0.40. Their NVG distance vision under 1×10 -1 lx was 0.53±0.22, 0.59±0.25 and 0.63±0.24 respectively, comparing with the vision of 0.30±0.11, 0.34±0.11 and 0.36±0.11 under 1×10 -3 lx. The difference showed statistical significance ( P<0.05). In verification test, the left, right and binocular NVG distance vision of 20 pilots under 1×10 -1 lx was 0.63±0.16, 0.64±0.14 and 0.73±0.12 respectively, comparing with their left, right and binocular naked vision of 1.12±0.32, 1.08±0.37, and 1.37±0.37 respectively. Conclusions:The tests indicated that 1×10 -1 lx would be the appropriate illumination level for pilot′s NVG distance vision evaluation. And it is necessary to evaluate pilot′s NVG distance vision before night flight mission.

From April 2017 to April 2018, three male patients aged 46-71 years with large area burns were treated in our hospital. Acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) symptoms of the patients began to appear 15-81 days after injury. AAC was diagnosed 24-81 days after injury. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic cholecystostomy was performed 26-82 days after injury. The symptoms subsided in 2 patients, and cholecystectomy was performed in 1 patient with gallbladder perforation 94 days after injury. The patients were cured and discharged 41-118 days after injury. No recurrence of cholecystitis occurred during 8-9 months of follow-up after discharge.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation for fetal reduction in monochorionic twin pregnancies at gestational age over 26 weeks. Methods: A retrospective study was performed based on the clinical data of 51 patients who underwent fetal reduction by radiofrequency ablation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from May 2013 to July 2018. Clinical data including basic information, surgical data (such as ablation duration, power and the number of cycles), perinatal complications and pregnancy outcomes were collected. Differences in pregnancy outcomes were compared between the group with gestational age >26 weeks (n=17, group A) and that ≤26 weeks (n=34, group B) using t-test, rank-sum test and Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Results: (1) The indications of fetal reduction were malformation in one of the twins, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence and selective intrauterine growth restriction [45.1% (23/51), 15.7% (8/51), 19.6% (10/51) and 19.6% (10/51)]. The differences in the proportion of different indications between group A and B were statistically significant [12/17, 1/17, 0/17, 4/17 vs 32.4% (11/34), 20.6% (7/34), 29.4% (10/34), 17.7% (6/34), P=0.009]. Those in the group A required longer operation duration than the group B [M(min-max), 20(7-40) vs 15(3-29) min, Z=2.550, P=0.011]. (2) The gestational age of the 51 patients was (23.7±4.7) weeks (15⁺¹-32⁺⁶ weeks), the overall survival rate of the remaining fetuses was 86.3% (44/51) and the preterm birth rate was 50.0% (22/44). The gestational age at operation was (28.9±2.5) weeks (26⁺¹-32⁺⁶ week) in group A and (21.1±3.1) weeks (15⁺¹-25⁺² weeks) in group B. The survival rate of the remaining fetuses and the preterm birth rate in group A were significantly higher than those in group B [17/17 vs 79.4% (27/34), P=0.046; 12/17 vs 37.0% (10/27), χ²=4.697, P=0.030]. Conclusions Fetal reduction at gestational age >26 weeks, of which the main surgical indication is malformation in one of the twins, may increase the risk of preterm birth, but can improve the overall survival rate of the remaining fetuses without increasing the maternal and infant morbidity. Therefore, radiofrequency ablation is a safe and effective procedure for twin pregnancies >26 weeks of gestation.

Objective To evaluate the reporting item quality of randomized controlled trials of Chinese herbal medicine as an adjunctive therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods The terms including Chinese medicine, Chinese herbal medicine, randomized controlled trials, and non-small cell lung cancer were searched in Chinese and English databases by computer systems to collect relevant literatures. Based on the CONSORT 2010 (consolidated standards of reporting trials 2010), the reporting item quality of the abstracts and main text in eligible papers was evaluated. Results Ninety-five eligible studies were identified from 692 potential eligible articles. None reported all of abstract and main text items in CONSORT 2010. Only 4.12％could be identified as the randomized trial in the title. More than 40％of reports showed the scientific background or rationale in the abstract but not in the main text. Three (3.16％) eligible reports defined the primary or secondary outcome measures. None reported complete information of subjects throughout the clinical trial process. Results A total of 95 eligible papers were collected, of which 0 papers reported complete abstracts and text entries according to the CONSORT. The titles of 4.12％papers were identified as randomized trials. More than 40％of the papers only reported the study purpose or hypothesis in the abstract. 3.16％of the papers reported primary and secondary efficacy index entries, and 0 papers reported complete information of subjects from enrollment to included data analysis sets. Conclusion There is a serious problem of items shortage in the literatures of randomized controlled clinical trials on Chinese herbal medicine as an adjunctive therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The randomized controlled clinical trials of Chinese herbal medicine as an adjunctive therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer should be reported based on the CONSORT to improve the quality of trials.

Objective? To understand the situation of disability acceptance, coping style and social support in rectal cancer patients with permanent enterostomy and to explore the correlations among them. Methods? From March 2017 to December 2017, we selected 110 rectal cancer patients with permanent enterostomy in Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital as subjects by convenience sampling. All of the patients were investigated with the Acceptance of Disability Scale (ADS), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Results? A total of 110 questionnaires were sent out and 101 valid questionnaires were collected. The total score of ADS, the scores of positive coping and negative coping of SCSQ as well as the total score of SSRS, were (79.55±7.42), (1.69±0.37), (1.74±0.24) and (41.35±10.24) respectively among rectal cancer patients with permanent enterostomy. The total score of ADS was positively correlated with the positive coping (P＜0.05), was negatively correlated with the negative coping (P＜0.05), and it also had a positive correlation with the total score of SSRS (P＜ 0.05). Conclusions? The disability acceptance of rectal cancer patients with permanent enterostomy needs to be improved. Health care providers should take targeted intervention based on social support system so as to help patients take positive coping style to improve their disability acceptance.