ObjectiveTo analyze the safety of simultaneous vaccination of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and oral pentavalent human rotavirus live attenuated vaccine (RV5) in age-eligible children in Changning District, Shanghai. MethodsAdverse events following immunization (AEFI) and vaccination information after PCV13 and RV5 vaccination from Jan.1, 2022 to Dec.31, 2023 were collected through the National Immunization Program Information Management System and the Shanghai Immunization Information System in Changning District. We compared the incidence rates of AEFI reports after PCV13 and RV5 standalone and simultaneous vaccination. ResultsPCV13 was administered standalone in 7 654 doses, with 107 AEFI reports and an AEFI reporting rate of 1 397.96/100 000, including 1 371.83/100 000 for general reactions (105 cases) and 26.13/100 000 for abnormal reactions (2 cases). RV5 was administered standalone in 8 114 doses, with 30 AEFI reports and an AEFI reporting rate of 369.73/100 000, all of which were general reactions. PCV13 and RV5 were administered simultaneously in 6 731 doses, with 56 AEFI reports and an AEFI reporting rate of 831.97/100 000, including 802.26/100 000 for general reactions (54 cases), 14.86/100 000 for abnormal reactions (1 case), and 14.86/100 000 for coupling symptoms (1 case). ConclusionThe incidence rates of AEFI reports after PCV13 and RV5 vaccination standalone or simultaneous among age-eligible children in Changning District are within an acceptable range, primarily consisting of general reactions. PCV13 and RV5 simultaneous vaccination did not increase the risk of AEFI incidence.

Objective:A recombinant adenoviral vector vaccine based on non-replicating human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5), encoding the conserved domain of respiratory syncytial virus G protein (RSV-G) was constructed. The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of this vaccine were subsequently evaluated in mice.Methods:The recombinant Ad5 vector plasmid (Ad5-Gbcc-Gacc) was constructed by inserted conserved domains of RSV A and RSV B. The recombinant adenovirus Ad5-Gbcc-Gacc was rescued in HEK293A cells. The genome of virus Ad5-Gbcc-Gacc was identified by multi-enzyme digestion, and the expression of Ad5-Gbcc-Gacc was verified by Western blot. Recombinant adenovirus was used to immunize BALB/c mice via intramuscular injection with signal dose, and then challenged with RSV Long strain at week 6. The levels of G specific IgG and antibody subtypes in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the level of neutralizing antibodies was determined by micro-neutralization assay. After challenge, the mice′s weight was recorded daily, the copies of RSV virus in the lung and nasal tissues were detected. Pathological changes in lung tissue were also examined.Results:Western blot and multi-enzyme digestion identification confirmed the successful rescue of the recombinant adenovirus. Ad5-Gbcc-Gacc elicit high titers of specific IgG, robust neutralizing antibodies, and a balanced Th1/Th2 immune response in mice. In comparison to unimmunized controls, mice immunized with Ad5-Gbcc-Gacc reduced the viral copies in both lung and nasal tissue, and exhibited only minimal pathological damage of lung tissue following RSV challenge. In conclusion, Ad5-Gbcc-Gacc induced robust immunogenicity and offers protective effects against RSV infection in murine models.Conclusions:Ad5-Gbcc-Gacc induce robust immunogenicity and can protect mice from RSV challenge, which lays a foundation for further development of RSV vaccine based on G protein.

Objective:To explore the real experience and needs of successful aging among urban elderly people who participated in intergenerational raising.Methods:This study was a qualitative study. From February to April 2023, purposive sampling was used to select 10 elderly individuals from Fanjingjiayuan Community in Changqing District, Jinan City who participated in intergenerational raising as the research subject. Semi-structured interviews and face-to-face nonverbal behavior observation methods were used to collect data, while Colaizzi's 7-step analysis method was used to summarize, analyze the data and extract themes.Results:A total of three themes and 10 sub-themes were extracted, namely positive psychological feelings (self-realization, obtaining emotional support, health benefits), negative psychological feelings (intergenerational raising pressure, decreased life satisfaction, mental stress, physical and mental exhaustion), and the need to promote successful aging (family support, community support, policy support) .Conclusions:Urban elderly people who participate in intergenerational raising have both negative and positive psychological experiences. Families and society should pay attention to the psychological feelings of participating in intergenerational raising of elderly people in urban communities, so as to promote successful aging of the elderly people.

Objective:To investigate the trajectories of intrinsic capacity in older adults and explore the impact of leisure activities on the decline of intrinsic capacity.Methods:This study is a prospective cohort study conducted in a community in Beijing, China.A convenience sampling method was used to select 284 cases of older adults from November to December 2020.The purpose of the study was to gather information on the general conditions, intrinsic abilities(including cognitive, vitality, motor, psychological, and sensory dimensions), and participation in leisure activities of older adults.A 2.5-year follow-up of the respondents was conducted.Results:A total of 243(85.6%, 243/284)respondents completed the 2.5-year follow-up.The follow-up intrinsic capacity score decreased from a baseline level of 4(3, 4)to 3(3, 4)( Z=-4.667, P<0.001).Among the respondents, 113(46.5%, 113/243)older adults showed a decrease in intrinsic capacity, with more significant decreases observed in the locomotor and psychometric dimensions( χ2=16.953, 23.510, both P<0.001).The number of declines in intrinsic ability was higher in the low group of leisure activities compared to the high group[62.2%(56/90) vs.37.3%(57/153), χ2=14.199, P<0.001].There was a positive correlation between leisure activity scores and the follow-up intrinsic capacity score( r=0.200, P=0.002), as well as with the value of change in the score of intrinsic capacity( r=0.146, P=0.023).The results of Logistic regression analysis indicated that leisure activities( OR=0.644, 95% CI: 0.507 to 0.818, P<0.001), physical leisure activities( OR=0.565, 95% CI: 0.395 to 0.809, P=0.002), and intellectual leisure activities( OR=0.742, 95% CI: 0.555 to 0.992, P=0.044)independently influenced the decline of intrinsic ability in the elderly, even after accounting for demographic information, number of diseases, and type of medicine taken. Conclusions:The decline in intrinsic abilities is a common occurrence among the elderly population.Engaging in leisure activities has been found to be effective in reducing this decline.It is important to emphasize the impact of leisure activities on the overall health of older individuals.

Objective:To explore a preliminary method for comprehensive motor function assessment in older adults in order to promote functional maintenance and independent living.Methods:Cross-sectional study.A total of 1, 680 elderly people aged 60 years and above, aged(69.3±6.8)years, were recruited by volunteer recruitment at the Beijing Hospital Physical Examination Centre and Dongcheng District community, and exercise data were collected on 5 sit-ups, 6 m daily stride, 3 m rise and walk, grip strength, back grip test, chair sit forward bending, and three-posture standing, and the method of exercise function assessment was determined by applying statistical analysis combined with expert guidance.Results:Handgrip strength, Five-time-repeated sit-to-stand, usual gait speed, and 3-meter-timed up and go test were selected for motor function assessment(factor loadings: 0.428, 0.767, 0.725, 0.841, respectively).The motor score was calculated by weighted sum of each indicator with the same weight.Through calculating, the motor score significantly decreased with ageing(60-64 years: 13.9, 65-69 years: 13.4, 70-74 years: 12.7, 75-79 years: 11.3, 80+ years: 9.1; F=89.469, P<0.001).Older adults with moderate activities had higher scores than those without moderate activities(13.6 and 12.4, respectively; t=-8.003, P<0.001). Conclusions:A method for motor function assessment in older adults was established, which can be used in the early recognition of motor function impairment, such as sarcopenia, fall, and disability.

Objective:To investigate age-related characteristics of gait parameters in the elderly.Methods:From February 2023 to August 2023, a convenient sampling method was used to investigate the elderly over 60 years old in communities in Beijing.General characteristics and anthropometric data were collected.Gait parameters of the subjects during normal speed walking were measured using a wearable gait analyzer.Comparisons were made of the basic characteristics, physical status and gait parameters in different age groups.Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the changes of physical status and gait parameters with age, with the 60-69-year-old group as the baseline standard.Results:A total of 670 elderly people were included, including 324(48.4%)aged 60-69 years, 285(42.5%)aged 70-79 years, and 61(9.1%)aged ≥80 years.Linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, with increasing age, skeletal muscle mass index(SMI)( β=-0.018, 95% CI: -0.029--0.007), calf circumference( β=-0.096, 95% CI: -0.142--0.051), upper limb flexibility( β=-0.200, 95%, 95% CI: -0.355--0.046), lower limb flexibility( β=-0.244, 95% CI: -0.377--0.111), grip strength( β=-0.397, 95% CI: -0.491--0.303), the Short Physical Performance Battery(SPPB)( β=-0.080, 95% CI: -0.100--0.060)decreased( P<0.05), and the gait parameter such as speed( β=-0.010, 95% CI: -0.014--0.007), cadence( β=-0.398, 95% CI: -0.634--0.162), step length/height( β=-0.002, 95% CI: -0.003--0.002), stride length( β=-0.009, 95% CI: -0.011--0.007), swing power( β=-0.009, 95% CI: -0.012--0.006), ground impact( β=-0.020, 95% CI: -0.026--0.014), foot fall( β=-0.050, 95% CI: -0.064--0.036), pre-swing angle( β=-0.545, 95% CI: -0.714--0.377)all decreased( P<0.05), while stride time( β=0.005, 95% CI: 0.001-0.009), single limb support time( β=1.566, 95% CI: 0.499-2.633), terminal double limb support time( β=0.609, 95% CI: 0.084-1.134), swing duration( β=1.288, 95% CI: 0.024-2.552), single step time( β=2.417, 95% CI: 0.462-4.372)and support phase time( β=1.935, 95% CI: 0.421-3.449)all increased( P<0.05). Conclusions:The walking ability tends to decline with age in older people in the community who walk at a normal walking speed.

Objective To conduct a detailed clinical phenotypic analysis and gene mutation detection on an au-tosomal dominant Van der Hoeve syndrome family,and to identify the pathogenic gene mutation sites of the family and the impact of the mutation on gene coding.Methods Clinical data including medical history,physical examina-tion and auxiliary examination were collected and peripheral blood samples were collected from the Van der Hoeve syndrome families.Exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed on 22 family members.The data were analyzed using bioinformatics software.Results The family had a total of 5 generations,with each generation expe-riencing consecutive illnesses.Each generation of men and women could suffer from the disease,which conformed to the characteristics of autosomal dominant inheritance.The 12 patients in this family were all born with blue sclera and short stature.8 patients had a history of fractures and could heal normally.3 patients were considering hearing loss caused by Van der Hoeve syndrome.12 patients had a base deletion(c.1128delT)in exon 17 of the COL1A1 gene,causing a change in the amino acid coding after position 376 and ending the amino acid coding prematurely at position 539.10 asymptomatic individuals in this family didn't had this mutation.Conclusion The patient of this family was identified as Van der Hoeve syndrome caused by c.1128 delT mutation.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of pneumococcal meningitis(PM),and drug sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae(SP)isolates in Chinese children.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical information,laboratory data,and microbiological data of 160 hospitalized children under 15 years old with PM from January 2019 to December 2020 in 33 tertiary hospitals across the country.Results Among the 160 children with PM,there were 103 males and 57 females.The age ranged from 15 days to 15 years,with 109 cases(68.1% )aged 3 months to under 3 years.SP strains were isolated from 95 cases(59.4% )in cerebrospinal fluid cultures and from 57 cases(35.6% )in blood cultures.The positive rates of SP detection by cerebrospinal fluid metagenomic next-generation sequencing and cerebrospinal fluid SP antigen testing were 40% (35/87)and 27% (21/78),respectively.Fifty-five cases(34.4% )had one or more risk factors for purulent meningitis,113 cases(70.6% )had one or more extra-cranial infectious foci,and 18 cases(11.3% )had underlying diseases.The most common clinical symptoms were fever(147 cases,91.9% ),followed by lethargy(98 cases,61.3% )and vomiting(61 cases,38.1% ).Sixty-nine cases(43.1% )experienced intracranial complications during hospitalization,with subdural effusion and/or empyema being the most common complication[43 cases(26.9% )],followed by hydrocephalus in 24 cases(15.0% ),brain abscess in 23 cases(14.4% ),and cerebral hemorrhage in 8 cases(5.0% ).Subdural effusion and/or empyema and hydrocephalus mainly occurred in children under 1 year old,with rates of 91% (39/43)and 83% (20/24),respectively.SP strains exhibited complete sensitivity to vancomycin(100% ,75/75),linezolid(100% ,56/56),and meropenem(100% ,6/6).High sensitivity rates were also observed for levofloxacin(81% ,22/27),moxifloxacin(82% ,14/17),rifampicin(96% ,25/26),and chloramphenicol(91% ,21/23).However,low sensitivity rates were found for penicillin(16% ,11/68)and clindamycin(6% ,1/17),and SP strains were completely resistant to erythromycin(100% ,31/31).The rates of discharge with cure and improvement were 22.5% (36/160)and 66.2% (106/160),respectively,while 18 cases(11.3% )had adverse outcomes.Conclusions Pediatric PM is more common in children aged 3 months to under 3 years.Intracranial complications are more frequently observed in children under 1 year old.Fever is the most common clinical manifestation of PM,and subdural effusion/emphysema and hydrocephalus are the most frequent complications.Non-culture detection methods for cerebrospinal fluid can improve pathogen detection rates.Adverse outcomes can be noted in more than 10% of PM cases.SP strains are high sensitivity to vancomycin,linezolid,meropenem,levofloxacin,moxifloxacin,rifampicin,and chloramphenicol.[Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics,2024,26(2):131-138]

Objective To study the in vitro expression of three phenylalanine hydroxylase(PAH)mutants(p.R243Q,p.R241C,and p.Y356X)and determine their pathogenicity.Methods Bioinformatics techniques were used to predict the impact of PAH mutants on the structure and function of PAH protein.Corresponding mutant plasmids of PAH were constructed and expressed in HEK293T cells.Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of the three PAH mutants,and their protein levels were assessed using Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Bioinformatics analysis predicted that all three mutants were pathogenic.The mRNA expression levels of the p.R243Q and p.R241C mutants in HEK293T cells were similar to the mRNA expression level of the wild-type control(P>0.05),while the mRNA expression level of the p.Y356X mutant significantly decreased(P<0.05).The PAH protein expression levels of all three mutants were significantly reduced compared to the wild-type control(P<0.05).The extracellular concentration of PAH protein was reduced in the p.R241C and p.Y356X mutants compared to the wild-type control(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference between the p.R243Q mutant and the wild type control(P>0.05).Conclusions p.R243Q,p.R241C and p.Y356X mutants lead to reduced expression levels of PAH protein in eukaryotic cells,with p.R241C and p.Y356X mutants also affecting the function of PAH protein.These three PAH mutants are to be pathogenic.[Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics,2024,26(2):188-193]

Objective To design a mobile personnel radiation protection equipment for operation in environments with high radiation such as spent fuel reprocessing plants, to achieve simultaneous protection against γ radiation, neutron radiation, and radioactive aerosol, to reduce the internal and external exposure dose of radioactive workers, and to meet the requirement of operation for two hours. Methods The core parts of the mobile personnel radiation protection equipment included a shielding chamber and a respiratory maintenance system. An automated chassis was used for the movement and lifting of the shielding chamber. MCNP software was used to simulate and calculate the protective effects of shielding chamber made of different materials and material thicknesses. Experimental verification of the shielding chamber design was conducted. Mathematical models were established to describe the variations in the content of various gases in the chamber with personnel operation time. A respiratory maintenance system, a harmful gas absorption device, and an automated mobile chassis were designed. Results The shielding chamber made of polyethylene with a thickness of 80 mm achieved an 80% neutron shielding rate. The respiratory maintenance system could support workers for 2 hours of operation inside the equipment. The mobile chassis allowed operation of the equipment with one person. Conclusion This mobile personnel radiation protection equipment can solve the problem in simultaneous protection against γ radiation, neutron radiation, and radioactive aerosol. The equipment can provide radiation protection for radioactive workers, reduce exposure dose, and reduce personnel burden. This system provides technical means for the operation and maintenance of equipment in high-radiation sites such as spent fuel reprocessing plants.