Transverse sinus is an important pathway of intracranial venous reflux,which is also crucial for maintaining cerebral circulation and stabilizing intracranial pressure.Transverse sinus stenosis(TSS)is the most common variation of transverse sinus,which might lead to changes in sinus hemodynamics and pressure and closely related to idiopathic intracranial hypertension,pulsatile tinnitus and chronic headache.The progresses in imaging researches of transverse sinus stenosis were reviewed in this article.

Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of lycorine on oxaliplatin ( OXA) induced chemotherapy pain in mice． Methods : 40 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups，10 mice per group，which were respectively divided into control group，model group，administration group，and inhibitor group．A mouse model of chemotherapy induced pain was established by intraperitoneal injection of OXA for 5 consecutive days．Intrathecal administration of lycorine was performed．Behavioral changes and expression levels of inflammatory related proteins were detected . Results : Compared with control group，model group mice exhibited the increased number of spontaneous flinches，decreased mechanical nociceptive threshold，decreased movement distance and latency，and up-regulated expression levels of interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β) ，astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein ( GFAP) ，cyclooxygenase-2( COX-2) ，NOD-like receptor protein 3 ( NLRP3 ) ，cysteinyl aspartate and specific proteinase 1 ( Caspase- 1) ．Compared with model group，lycorine administration reduced the number of spontaneous flinches，increased mechanical nociceptive threshold ，enhanced the movement distance and latency ，bound and reduced COX-2 expression，down-regulated the expression levels of IL-1 β , GFAP ，NLRP3 and Caspase-1． Conclusion Lycorine reduces COX-2 expression，inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation，suppresses spinal inflammation，consequently alleviates pain behaviors and improved motor ability of mice.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and advantages of planned initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)prior to liver transplantation.Methods:From November 2017 to July 2021, clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 3 liver transplantation recipients assisted by ECMO.There were such preoperative symptoms of right ventricular dysfunction as fatigue, chest tightness and palpitations.In the first case, right heart catheterization was not performed due to patient refusal; another two patients were screened by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography(TDE)and diagnosed through right heart catheterization as portopulmonary hypertension(POPH)and pulmonary hypertension.Results:Three recipients with pulmonary hypertension received catheterization in right femoral artery and vein.After freeing of diseased liver and before blocking inferior vena cava, V-A ECMO support was performed.The dose of heparin was adjusted according to activated clotting time(ACT)and perioperative vital signs remained stable.They were ventilated for 54, 12 and 62 hours and supported by ECMO for 27, 61 and 14 hours.All were smoothly discharged.During a mean follow-up period of 26(9-22)months, liver functions were normal.Conclusions:Patients with end-stage liver disease with pulmonary hypertension should undergo routine TDE examinations during waiting period before liver transplantation.Those with pulmonary hypertension should undergo further right heart catheterization to confirm the diagnosis and severity of the disease.Planned application of ECMO through multidisciplinary consultations can expand surgical indications for liver transplantation, maintain intraoperative hemodynamic stability and facilitate smooth liver transplantation and postoperative patient recovery.

Objective:To investigate the influencing factors for anastomotic biliary stric-ture after liver transplantation.Methods:The retrospective case-control study was conducted. The clinical data of 428 recipients who underwent allogeneic orthotopic liver transplantation in the First Hospital of Jilin University from September 2014 to August 2021 were collected. There were 324 males and 104 females, aged (52±10)years. Observation indicators: (1) surgical conditions of recipients; (2) occurrence of anastomotic biliary stricture after liver transplantation and its treat-ment; (3) analysis of influencing factors for anastomotic biliary stricture after liver transplantation. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient examination to detect occurrence of anastomotic biliary stricture and treatment up to August 30, 2021. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the t test. Measure-ment data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3) or M(range), and comparison between groups was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were represented as absolute numbers, and the chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. Logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis. Results:(1) Surgical conditions of recipients: the operation time of 428 recipients was 465(420,520)minutes, the cold ischemia time was 368(320,450)minutes, and the volume of intraoperative blood loss was 2 500(1 500,4 000)mL. Of the 428 recipients, 142 cases were performed continuous biliary posterior wall anastomosis + interrup-ted anterior wall anastomosis by polygluconate sutures, 286 cases were anastomosed with polypro-pylene sutures, including 169 cases undergoing continuous biliary posterior wall anastomosis combined with interrupted anterior wall anastomosis, 73 cases undergoing completely interrupted biliary anterior and posterior wall anastomosis, and 44 cases undergoing completely continuous biliary anterior and posterior wall anastomosis. None of the 428 recipients had indwelling T tubes. (2) Occurrence of anastomotic biliary stricture after liver transplantation and its treatment:all the 428 recipients were followed up for 3 to 72 months, with a median follow-up time of 28 months. During the follow-up, 50 patients developed anastomotic biliary stricture, of which 41 patients were treated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, 8 patients were treated with percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage, and 1 patient was treated with surgery, showing no recurrence. (3)Analysis of influencing factors for anastomotic biliary stricture after liver transplanta-tion: results of univariate analysis showed that anastomosis method and donor liver cold ischemia time were related factors for postoperative anastomotic biliary stricture of recipients undergoing allogeneic orthotopic liver transplantation ( χ2=15.74, Z=-2.04, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that completely interrupted biliary anterior and posterior wall anastomosis and donor liver cold ischemia time were independent influencing factors for postoperative anastomotic biliary stricture of recipients undergoing allogeneic orthotopic liver transplantation ( odds ratio=0.25, 1.00, 95% confidence interval as 0.08-0.85, 1.00-1.01, P<0.05). Conclusions:Suture type is not an influencing factor for postoperative anastomotic biliary stricture of recipients undergoing allogeneic orthotopic liver transplantation. Completely interrupted biliary anterior and posterior wall anastomosis and donor liver cold ischemia time were independent influencing factors.

Objective To investigate the value of high resolution CT (HRCT) in displaying the anatomic relationship between labyrinth segment of facial canal and cochlea.Methods Totally 110 patients (220 ears) who underwent HRCT were collected.The original images were transferred to workstation for image processing.MPR images were acquired.The anatomic relationship between labyrinth segment of facial canal and cochlea was observed in oblique coronal MPR images.The bony septum between labyrinth segment of facial canal and cochlea was assessed as definite defect (Type Ⅰ),doubtful defect (Type Ⅱ) or complete (Type Ⅲ),respectively.Results There were 71 ears (71/220,32.27％) of Type Ⅰ,diameters of bone fissure ranged from 0.3-1.3 mm (average diameters [0.64±0.26]mm),86 ears (86/220,39.09％) of Type Ⅱ and 63 ears (63/220,28.64％) of Type Ⅲ,with bony septum thickness ranged from 0.3-1.0 mm (average thickness [0.68±0.15]mm).No statistical difference of rates of the above three types was found between different genders,among age groups and between both side of ears (all P＞0.05).Conclusion HRCT is a reliable method to show the anatomic relationship between labyrinth segment of facial canal and cochlea.

Objective To study the effects of perioperative body temperature management on intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy patients with abdominal malignant tumor. Methods From June to Decmber 2016, a total of 120 intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy patients with abdominal malignant tumor who met the inclusion criteria were recruited and randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 60 cases in each. All the subjects were given routine operation nursing. On the basis of that, the observation group were given perioperative body temperature management. The body temperature, heart rate, pulse pressure and the difference of tumor markers of carcineombryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen19-9(CA199) before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results The difference value of temperature, heart rate and pulse pressure between 30 minutes after treatment and before treatment in the observation group were (3.7±0.4)℃, (12.4±2.7)bp/min and (5.6±1.9)mmHg respectively. The fluctuation of vital signs was lower than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=6.062, 14.897, 10.392; P<0.01). The observation group patients' CEA was (52.8±2.4)μg/L, and CA199 was (106.1±5.3)U/ml after treatment, which were both lower than the control group, with statistical differences(t=31.415, 33.803; P< 0.05). Conclusions Perioperative body temperature management could significantly stabilize the body temperature, heart rate and pulse pressure, which could significantly promote intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy's curative effect for patient with abdominal malignant tumor.

Objective To investigate the causes of hypothermia in severe trauma patients as well as the effects of warming nursing.Methods Toally 100 severe trauma patients with hypothermia were engaged in the study during January to December 2014.Their temperature was monitored and recorded,the causes analyzed so that the warming nursing measures were done to them.Results Among the 100 patients,59 contracted hypothermia,with the rate of 59.0％ before operation,28 contracted hypothermia during operation,with the incidence rate of 28.0％.The causes of hypothermia included injury,anaesthesia,exposure and fluid resuscitation.The nursing measures included pre-treatment before anaesthesia,avoidance of more exposure and intraoperative warming.Conclusions For the patients with severe trauma,the hypothermia during the operation can be caused by injury,anaesthesia,exposure and fluid resuscitation.The warming nursing can reduce the incidence of hypothermia so as to increase their survival rate.

Objective To summarize the experience of nursing cooperation for immediate breast reconstruction with the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap. Methods Twenty breast cancer patients underwent modified radical surgery with intraoperative immediate application of the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap in combination with the same period breast prosthesis for breast reconstruction. The nursing measures included preoperative preparation and mental support, intraoperative active cooperation, position care, sustaining of body temperature and strict aseptic and disease-free technology. Results All the breast cancer patients lived through breast cancer modified radical immediate breast reconstruction. No flap necrosis occurred , neither did obvious complications. The operations were satisfactory. Conclusion The key to the breast reconstruction for the breast cancer patients exists in preoperative psychological nursing , intraoperative strict aseptic and disease-free technology , the proper operation position and the correct use of instruments and equipment.

Spectrophotometry and single factor test were used in the investigation of effects on extraction results of total flavonoids from the fruit ofVernonia esculenta Hemsl. from aspects of ethanol concentration, frequency of extraction, length of extraction time, and the solid-liquid ratio. The extraction conditions were optimized by orthogonal test. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were ethanol concentration of 70%, extracted for 4 times, 1 h for each time, and the solid-liquid ratio of 1:20. Under these extraction conditions, the content of total flavonoids in the fruit ofVernonia esculenta Hemsl. was 103.55 mg·g-1.

This study was aimed to observe effects of different doses of D-galactosamine (D-GalN) plus lipopoly-saccharide (LPS) and blood coagulation changes among rat model of acute liver failure, in order to establish an ideal model of acute liver failure in rats. SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, D-GalN high, medium and low dose groups, with 10 rats in each group. Except the normal group, rats in other groups were injected with D-GalN plus LPS at different doses to induce acute liver failure. The mortality of rats was observed. The liver function and blood coagulation were detected from rat serum at 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. HE stain was used in the observa-tion of changes on liver pathological changes. The results showed that the mortality of D-GalN high, medium and low dose groups within 72 h were 60%, 30%, 10%, respectively. There were significant differences on the serum content level of ALT, AST, TBIL, PT, INR, FIB from different dose groups at different time points and the normal group (P<0.05). However, the comparison among D-GalN high, medium and low dose groups showed no statistical difference on ALT and AST; while there were statistical differences on TBIL, PT, INR and FIB (P < 0.05). It was concluded that coagulation index was more stable in the liver failure model. Through observation on the liver function, blood coagulation and pathological morphology, the model of acute liver failure induced with medium dose of D-GalN plus LPS in SD rats at 48 h was more similar to the clinical symptom of acute liver failure. Therefore, the medium dose was the ideal model inducing dose.