Objective To analyze the abnormal individual dose monitoring results in 206 medical institutions in a selected region in 2024, and to propose improvement measures. Methods Individuals with monitoring results exceeding the investigation level were subjected to high-dose investigation, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results In 2024, the individual dose monitoring of 206 medical institutions in a selected region showed 1.04% abnormal results. The proportions of abnormal results from primary, secondary, and tertiary medical institutions were 12.22%, 3.33%, and 84.45%, respectively. In analysis of the causes of abnormal results, 52.53% of the cases were due to personal dosimeters left in the radiation workplace, and 20.20% were due to the confusion in wearing personal dosimeters inside and outside the lead apron. In analysis of the occupational distribution of the radiation workers with abnormal monitoring results, interventional radiology and diagnostic radiology accounted for 73.34% and 24.44%, respectively. Statistical analysis of the dose range showed that doses in the ranges of 1.25-2.0 mSv and 2.0-5.0 mSv accounted for 42.22% and 33.33%, respectively. In the report of abnormal monitoring results, the proportions of reporting notional dose and reporting measured results accounted for 88.89% and 11.11%, respectively. Among institutions with consecutive abnormal results, primary, secondary, and tertiary medical institutions accounted for 15.39%, 7.69%, and 76.92%, respectively. Conclusion The level of the hospital, occupational type, the perceived importance of the hospital to the management of radiation protection, and the perceived importance and compliance of the radiation workers with the individual dose monitoring are potential causes of abnormal results. It is recommended that employers should enhance radiation protection training for their radiation workers to ensure proper wearing and storage of dosimeters, and progressively improve the standardization and effectiveness of individual dose monitoring practice.

ObjectiveTo investigate the preventive effect and mechanism of Dendrobium officinale （DO） on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） by network pharmacology and animal experiments. MethodsDO components in blood after administration were identified and analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry （UPLC-QE-HF-MS/MS）. Network pharmacology and molecular docking methods were employed to obtain active ingredients and potential targets of DO for NAFLD control. High-fat feeds were used to replicate the NAFLD rat model. Biochemical kits were used for detecting the expression levels of blood lipids， hepatic lipids， and liver functions of rats. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and oil red O staining were employed to observe pathological changes in rat liver， and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR （Real-time PCR） assay was performed to validate potential targets obtained from the network pharmacology analysis. ResultsA total of 13 DO components were identified in blood， including berberine， dihydrosanguinarine， and oxypeucedanin. A total of 14 potential targets were screened through network pharmacology， including Forkhead box protein O1 （FoxO1）， epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）， and insulin-like growth factor 1 （IGF-1R）， involving pathways such as the advanced glycation end product （AGE）/receptor for AGE （RAGE） signaling pathway， blood lipids and atherosclerosis， insulin resistance， and FoxO signaling. The results of animal experiments showed that the NAFLD rat model was successfully replicated. After the preventive treatment with DO for NAFLD rats， the indexes of blood lipids， hepatic lipids， and liver function were normalized； lipid deposition and lesions in the liver were significantly improved； the expression level of FoxO1 mRNA in the liver was significantly reduced （P<0.05）， and the mRNA expression levels of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases （PI3K）， protein kinase B （Akt）， EGFR， and IGF-1R were significantly increased （P<0.05）. ConclusionDO has a preventive effect on NAFLD rats， and the mechanism of action may be related to the modulation of IGF1R and EGFR targets and activation of the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND:Acellular cartilage extracellular matrix is effective in the treatment of osteoarthritis,but its efficacy is limited when applied alone.Oxymatrine alleviates interleukin-1β-induced chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of different doses of oxymatrine combined with acellular cartilage extracellular matrix injection in knee cavity on osteoarthritis in rats.METHODS:The femoral cartilage of SD rats was obtained.The acellular cartilage extracellular matrix was prepared by physical,chemical and enzyme methods.Fifty SD rats were selected and divided into sham operation group,osteoarthritis group,simple material group,low-dose drug group,and high-dose drug group by random number table method,with 10 rats in each group.The latter four groups were treated with modified Hulth method to establish the rat model of osteoarthritis.After successful modeling,acellular cartilage extracellular matrix homogenate was injected into the knee cavity of rats in the simple material group.Acellular cartilage extracellular matrix homogenate containing 50,100 μg oxymatrine was injected into the knee cavity of rats in the low-dose drug group and the high-dose drug group,respectively.Samples were taken 4 weeks after injection for relevant detection.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Compared with the sham operation group,the concentrations of interleukin 1β,tumor necrosis factor ɑ,and malondialdehyde in the joint effusion were increased (P<0.05),and the concentration of superoxide dismutase in the joint effusion was decreased (P<0.05) in the osteoarthritis group.Compared with osteoarthritis group,the levels of interleukin 1β,tumor necrosis factor ɑ,and malondialdehyde in joint effusion were decreased (P<0.05),while the level of superoxide dismutase was increased (P<0.05) in the low-dose drug group and high-dose drug group,and the changes were more significant in high-dose drug group.(2) TUNEL staining showed that compared with sham operation group,apoptotic chondrocytes increased in osteoarthritis group.Compared with the osteoarthritis group,the apoptotic chondrocytes decreased in the simple material group,the low-dose drug group,and the high-dose drug group,and the decrease was more significant in the high-dose drug group.(3) Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining showed that the knee cartilage was seriously degraded,the expression of type Ⅱ collagen was decreased (P<0.05),and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 was increased (P<0.05) in the osteoarthritis group.Compared with the osteoarthritis group,the knee cartilage degeneration of rats in the simple material group,the low-dose drug group,and the high-dose drug group was significantly improved;the expression of type Ⅱ collagen was increased (P<0.05) and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 was decreased (P<0.05),and the improvement was most significant in the high-dose drug group.(4) Western blot assay showed that compared with sham operation group,the expression of Nrf2,HO-1,and Bcl-2 protein in cartilage tissue decreased (P<0.05);expression levels of Cleaved-caspase-3,Cleaved-caspase-9,and Bax were increased (P<0.05) in the osteoarthritis group.Compared with the osteoarthritis group,the protein expression levels of Nrf2,HO-1,and Bcl-2 were increased (P<0.05),and the protein expressions of Cleaved-caspase-3,Cleaved-caspase-9,and Bax were decreased (P<0.05) in the low-dose and high-dose drug groups.The improvement was more significant in the high-dose drug group.(5) In conclusion,intracavicular injection of acellular cartilage extracellular matrix and oxymatrine can promote the synthesis of extracellular matrix,inhibit inflammation and oxidative stress,and suppress chondrocyte apoptosis,and play a therapeutic role in osteoarthritis,which may be related to the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

BACKGROUND:Acellular cartilage extracellular matrix is effective in the treatment of osteoarthritis,but its efficacy is limited when applied alone.Oxymatrine alleviates interleukin-1β-induced chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of different doses of oxymatrine combined with acellular cartilage extracellular matrix injection in knee cavity on osteoarthritis in rats.METHODS:The femoral cartilage of SD rats was obtained.The acellular cartilage extracellular matrix was prepared by physical,chemical and enzyme methods.Fifty SD rats were selected and divided into sham operation group,osteoarthritis group,simple material group,low-dose drug group,and high-dose drug group by random number table method,with 10 rats in each group.The latter four groups were treated with modified Hulth method to establish the rat model of osteoarthritis.After successful modeling,acellular cartilage extracellular matrix homogenate was injected into the knee cavity of rats in the simple material group.Acellular cartilage extracellular matrix homogenate containing 50,100 μg oxymatrine was injected into the knee cavity of rats in the low-dose drug group and the high-dose drug group,respectively.Samples were taken 4 weeks after injection for relevant detection.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Compared with the sham operation group,the concentrations of interleukin 1β,tumor necrosis factor ɑ,and malondialdehyde in the joint effusion were increased (P<0.05),and the concentration of superoxide dismutase in the joint effusion was decreased (P<0.05) in the osteoarthritis group.Compared with osteoarthritis group,the levels of interleukin 1β,tumor necrosis factor ɑ,and malondialdehyde in joint effusion were decreased (P<0.05),while the level of superoxide dismutase was increased (P<0.05) in the low-dose drug group and high-dose drug group,and the changes were more significant in high-dose drug group.(2) TUNEL staining showed that compared with sham operation group,apoptotic chondrocytes increased in osteoarthritis group.Compared with the osteoarthritis group,the apoptotic chondrocytes decreased in the simple material group,the low-dose drug group,and the high-dose drug group,and the decrease was more significant in the high-dose drug group.(3) Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining showed that the knee cartilage was seriously degraded,the expression of type Ⅱ collagen was decreased (P<0.05),and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 was increased (P<0.05) in the osteoarthritis group.Compared with the osteoarthritis group,the knee cartilage degeneration of rats in the simple material group,the low-dose drug group,and the high-dose drug group was significantly improved;the expression of type Ⅱ collagen was increased (P<0.05) and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 was decreased (P<0.05),and the improvement was most significant in the high-dose drug group.(4) Western blot assay showed that compared with sham operation group,the expression of Nrf2,HO-1,and Bcl-2 protein in cartilage tissue decreased (P<0.05);expression levels of Cleaved-caspase-3,Cleaved-caspase-9,and Bax were increased (P<0.05) in the osteoarthritis group.Compared with the osteoarthritis group,the protein expression levels of Nrf2,HO-1,and Bcl-2 were increased (P<0.05),and the protein expressions of Cleaved-caspase-3,Cleaved-caspase-9,and Bax were decreased (P<0.05) in the low-dose and high-dose drug groups.The improvement was more significant in the high-dose drug group.(5) In conclusion,intracavicular injection of acellular cartilage extracellular matrix and oxymatrine can promote the synthesis of extracellular matrix,inhibit inflammation and oxidative stress,and suppress chondrocyte apoptosis,and play a therapeutic role in osteoarthritis,which may be related to the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

Objective To compare H_p(3) calibration with a homemade (A) thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) and an imported (B) TLD in a standard X-ray RQR radiation field, to explore the different responses of A and B, and to provide foundation for the calibration of H_p(3). Methods A column mode was selected. H_p(3) calibration was performed using A and B in a standard X-ray RQR radiation field in the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory, National Institute for Radiological Protection, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Angle response, energy response, and linear response were calibrated with RQR4 (60 kV), RQR7 (90 kV), and RQR9 (120 kV), respectively. Results In terms of angle response, the calibration results of A were relatively high, while the calibration results of B were relatively low. In terms of energy response, the calibration results showed a similar pattern to angle response. In terms of linear response, the calibration results of both A and B were satisfactory. Conclusion Both A and B can be used for normal calibration of H_p(3) in a standard X-ray RQR radiation field. However, in actual monitoring, attention should be paid to the energy and angle response values of TLDs.

Objective:To investigate the differential expression of microRNA (miR)-214-3p in plasma exosomes in different types of uveal melanoma (UM) and evaluate whether miR-214-3p is a potential molecular biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of UM.Methods:Twenty-five UM in situ patients who received the enucleation of eyeball were enrolled at Beijing Tongren Hospital from December 2015 to October 2019, including 10 with epithelioid cell melanoma and 10 with spindle cell melanoma as well as 5 metastatic UM patients (1 with spindle cell-like melanoma and 4 with epithelioid cell-like melanoma) and 10 healthy subjects were enrolled during the same period.Blood sample was collected from all the subjects for the isolation of plasma exosomes.The morphology of exosomes was examined under the electron microscope.The exsomal marker proteins were identified by Western blot.The expression level of miR-214-3p in plasma exosomes was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The differential expression of miR-214-3p among different types of UM patients and healthy controls was compared.The diagnostic and classification performance of exosomal miR-214-3p was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to entering the study cohort.This study protocol was approved by an Ethics Committee of Capital Medical Univeristy (No.TRECKY2018-056).Results:The isolated exosomes were hemispherical in shape with a concavity on one side.The diameter of the exosomes was about 100 nm and the particle diameter of vesicles from samples was (82.0±2.7) nm.TSG101 protein was detectable and Calnexin protein was not found in the exosomes.The relative expression levels of plasma exosomal miR-214-3p in healthy control group, in situ UM group and metastatic UM group were 0.86(0.57, 1.49), 0.24(0.10, 0.67), and 0.43(0.23, 0.56), respectively.The miR-214-3p relative expression level in plasma exosomes of in situ UM patients and metastatic UM patients was significantly lower than that of healthy controls, and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=2.62, P<0.01; Z=2.08, P<0.05). The relative expression levels of exosomal miR-214-3p in spindle cell-like UM group and epithelioid cell-like UM group were 0.11(0.07, 0.64) and 0.46(0.14, 0.91), respectively, and no significant difference was found in the expression level of plasma exosomal miR-214-3p among different types of UM (all at P>0.05). The area under the curve of plasma exosomal miR-214-3p for UM diagnosis was 0.795. Conclusions:Plasma exosomal miR-214-3p level is significantly reduced in both in situ UM patients and metastatic UM patients.Plasma exosomal miR-214-3p is a new potential diagnostic biomarker for UM, but the exosomal miR-214-3p appears to not be able to distinguish the types of UM.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of acupuncture combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury.Methods:A total of 40 patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 20 cases each. The control group received routine basic therapy and cognitive function training, and the treatment group received rTMS combined with acupuncture based on the control group treatment. Both two groups were treated for 4 weeks. The MMSE, MoCA, latency and amplitude were used before and after treatment to compare the difference between the two groups.Results:The MMSE (23.60 ± 2.16 vs. 21.70 ± 2.87, t=-2.366) and MoCA (21.75 ± 3.35 vs. 19.05 ± 2.46, t=-2.903) scores in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). There were no significant difference in latency and amplitude of motor evoked potential between both groups before and after treatment ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Acupuncture combined with rTMS can improve the cognitive function of patients with cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury.

【Objective】 To investigate the effect of sinomenine hydrochloride （SH） on angiogenesis and the underlying mechanism in breast cancer. 【Methods】 The 4T1 orthotopic tumor model of breast cancer was utilized， and mice were treated with different dosage of SH to investigate the effect of SH on tumor growth. IHC staining of CD31 was used to evaluate angiogenesis within tumors under different treatment. ELISA was performed to measure the bFGF level within tumor extracellular fluid （TEF） and tumor cells to analyze the effect of SH on bFGF secretion and production. RT-qPCR was utilized to evaluate the effect of SH on the mRNA expression of bFGF in tumor cells. Kaplan-Meier Plotter was analyzed online to investigate the relationship between bFGF expression and the survival of patients with breast cancer. 【Results】 SH at 100 mg/kg could inhibit 4T1 orthotopic tumor growth compared with saline （P<0.05）， but SH showed little cytotoxicity in vitro under the tested concentrations. SH at 100 mg/kg suppressed the vessel area compared with saline （P<0.01）， and the concentration of angiogenic factor bFGF in TEF and tumor cells was decreased by SH treatment （P<0.05）， while the mRNA expression of bFGF in tumor cells was also downregulated by SH treatment （P<0.05）. Kaplan-Meier Plotter online analysis showed that elevated mRNA expression of bFGF in the primary tumor was associated with poorer OS， RFS and DMFS in patients with breast cancer （P<0.01）. 【Conclusion】 SH inhibits breast cancer growth by suppressing bFGF-induced angiogenesis， which enriches the pharmacological effects of this traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between gallbladder carcinoma and gallbladder stones, and provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of gallbladder carcinoma.Methods:A case-control study was used to retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 134 patients(study group) with gallbladder stones and gallbladder carcinoma treated in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Corps Hospital of Chinese People′s Armed Police Forces from January 2010 to December 2012.Another 134 patients with gallbladder stones were selected as control group, and the clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared.Results:The average age of patients in the study group was (60.5±11.7)years, which was significantly older than that in the control group [(49.6±10.3)years], the difference was statistically significant ( t=7.916, P<0.05). The history of gallbladder stones in the study group and control group were (9.3±4.1)years and (4.6±2.5)years, respectively, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant( t=11.682, P<0.01). The multiple stones, maximum stone diameter and maximum gallbladder wall thickness in the study group were 75 cases, (2.4±0.6)cm and (0.59±0.16)cm, respectively, which in the control group were 46 cases, (1.3±0.5)cm and (0.87±0.23)cm, respectively, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(χ 2=3.978, t=6.217, 5.110, all P<0.05). The incidences of cholecystitis and jaundice in the study group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). Conclusion:Gallbladder stones are one of the causative factors of gallbladder carcinoma.Early diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma is difficult.Patients with high-risk gallbladder stones who are old, have a long history of gallbladder stones, multiple stones, large stone diameters, and thick gallbladder walls should actively undergo surgical intervention.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of tacrolimus (TAC) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in children with refractory IgA nephropathy (IgAN).Methods:The diagnosis of refractory IgAN was defined as urinary protein level ≥ 50 mg·kg -1·d -1 after treatment with renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blocker and prednisone. Following the case-control matching method, 76 children with renal biopsy diagnosed as refractory IgAN in the Jinling Hospital from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2016 were retrospectively selected, and the children were divided into TAC group (38 cases) and MMF group (38 cases). The 24 h urinary protein quantity (24hUP), serum albumin (Alb), serum creatinine (Scr), serum uric acid (UA), serum glucose (Glu), adverse reactions and treatment effects were compared between the two groups. Results:There were no significant differences in the age, sex ratio, blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), 24hUP, urine red blood cell count (U-RBC), Scr, Alb, BUN, aspartate transarninase (AST), alanine transarninase (ALT), Glu, pathological Oxford classification, and the proportions of big-dose methylprednisolone treatment before using immunosuppressants between the two groups (all P>0.05), and they were comparable. From 3 months after treatment, the 24hUP levels of the two groups were significantly lower than those of the baseline (all P<0.05), and the 24hUP levels of TAC group were lower than those of MMF group at 3, 6 and 12 months (all P<0.05). The Alb level of TAC group was significantly higher than the baseline value from 1 month of treatment ( P<0.05), while the Alb level in the MMF group was significantly higher from 3 months of treatment ( P<0.05). The Alb levels in the TAC group were higher than those in MMF group after 1, 3, and 6 month of treatment (all P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in Alb level at 12 months between the two groups. The total effective rate, complete remission rate and ineffectiveness rate of the TAC group all showed significant differences with the MMF group from 3 month of treatment (all P<0.05), but there was no difference between the two groups during the follow-up period of partial remission rate, point recurrence rate and cumulative recurrence rate (all P>0.05). The TAC group achieved the maximum effective rate at 6 months (94.7%), while the MMF group achieved the maximum effective rate at 12 months (68.4%), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=8.756, P=0.003). The incidence of adverse reactions in two groups had not significant difference (15.8% vs 21.1%, χ2=0.350, P=0.554). However, the blood glucose of TAC group was higher than that of MMF group in the third month of treatment, and the difference was statistically significant [5.02(4.72, 5.22) mmol/L vs 4.42 (4.19, 5.07) mmol/L, Z=-2.745, P=0.006]. Conclusion:Both TAC and MMF in the treatment of refractory IgAN result in a good treatment effect in children, but the TAC reaches the response level faster and the response rate is higher.