AIM: To analyze the influencing factors of capsular constriction syndrome(CCS)in cataract patients after phacoemulsification(Phaco)combined with intraocular lens(IOL)implantation.METHODS: Retrospective study. The data of 2 900 cataract patients(2 900 eyes)in our hospital's information system from January 2021 to January 2024 were collected. All patients were treated with Phaco combined with IOL implantation, and the incidence of CCS within 30 wk after surgery was recorded. Patients were categorized into CCS(116 cases, 116 eyes)and N-CCS group(2 784 cases, 2 784 eyes)based on the occurrence of CCS. The basic data of the two groups were compared, and the influencing factors of CCS within 30 wk after Phaco combined with IOL implantation in cataract patients were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.RESULTS: Among 2 900 patients(2 900 eyes)included, 116 cataract patients(116 eyes)developed CCS within 30 wk after Phaco combined with IOL implantation, with an incidence rate of 4.00%. The single factor and multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that the complicated diabetes, high myopia, complicated glaucoma, and axial length(AL)>30 mm were the risk factors for the occurrence of CCS after Phaco IOL implantation in cataract patients(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Attention should be paid to cataract patients with diabetes, high myopia, glaucoma and AL>30 mm, which will increase the risk of CCS within 30 wk after Phaco combined with IOL implantation in cataract patients.

Objective In response to the practical issues of pilot ground simulation ejection training relying on subjective evaluation,which requires high professionalism and lacks objectivity and systematicity,an objective evaluation system and method for ejection training based on pressure detection has been designed.Methods According to the rules of ejection training about posture,maneuver and time,and utilizing technologies such as pressure detection,infrared detection,and time-triggered detection,this paper designed separate modules for ejection posture detection,ejection timing detection,and comprehensive analysis and evaluation.These modules are closely integrated with the ejection training process,achieving objective evaluation of the ejection training.Results This system and method can provide a scientific and real-time objective evaluation of the posture,movements,and time in ejection training without affecting the normal organization and process.Conclusion The objective evaluation system can provide a new approach that is highly objective and easy to operate for comprehensively evaluating and enhancing the effectiveness of ejection training,as well as for scientifically conducting ejection training and assessment.

With the rapid development of aviation technology,the ability of pilots to fly successfully and safely has attracted much attention.Improving pilots'emergency evacuation capabilities is the responsibility of every aviation worker.The injury caused by pilot parachute jumping is an important issue in flight safety.During the parachute jumping process,the pilot will be subjected to various impact forces and aerodynamic forces,which can cause damage to the pilot's spine,nervous system,circulatory system,and multiple parts of the body,and even endanger lift.This article focuses on exploring the characteristics of pilot ejection parachute injuries,categorizing and summarizing them according to the location and factors of the injuries,and analyzing their protective strategies.Targeted ground ejection simulation training is conducted for pilots in different batches to improve the combat effectiveness of the armies.

Objective A new type fighter pilot's helmet comfort was investigated to provide basis for generalization and popularization.Methods A quantitative questionnaire was designed to evaluate the comfort of current helmets and new helmets by pilots of series A and B fighters,and compare the new helmets with the current helmets.Thirdly,quantitative statistics of questionnaires were carried out to analyze the pilot's opinions on current helmets and new helmets.Based on the structure and quality characteristics of current helmets and new helmets,the investigation results were analyzed and discussed.Results A total of 167 pilots from series A and B fighter aircraft participated in trial wear and questionnaire investigation of new helmets.Among them,103 pilots from series A fighters and 64 pilots from series B fighters.Compared with the pilot's current helmet,the new helmet is lightweight and comfortable.Among them,92.2%of the pilots of the series A believe that the new helmet is more comfortable than the current helmet,and 90.3%of pilots think it is necessary to replace the current helmet with the new helmet.90.6%of the pilots of the Series B think the new helmet is more comfortable than the current helmet,and 92.2%of pilots think it is necessary to replace the current helmet with the new helmet.Conclusion The new fighter pilot's helmet is light and comfortable,and has been widely praised by pilots.The research results provide data support and decision-making basis for its universalization and popularization.

Objective This study is focused on ultrasound multimodality examination,which refers to the combined use of three ultrasound examination modalities,ultrasound(US),acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI)imaging,and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS).The purpose of this study is to analyze the value of applying ultrasound multimodality examination in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast non-mass-like lesions(NMLs).Methods Cases of breast NMLs were analyzed retrospectively,and the nature of all the lesions was verified by pathological examination.Based on the gray-scale ultrasound image characteristics,the cases were classified into types Ⅰto Ⅴ,and type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ were further classified into 4 subtypes,Ⅰa,Ⅰ b,Ⅱ a,and Ⅱ b,according to whether there was also calcification,and the proportion of malignant cases in each subtype was statistically analyzed.Logistic regression models of US,US+ARFI,US+CEUS,and US+ARFI+CEUS for the diagnosis of malignant cases were established,ROC curves were drawn,the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated,and comparisons were made accordingly.The detection rate of malignant NMLs without calcification(atypical malignant NMLs)by the combination examination of US,ARFI,and CEUS was analyzed.Results A total of 407 cases were included in the study.All subjects were female,aged 22 to 81 years,with the average age being(47.0±1 1.0)years.There were 220 benign cases and 187 malignant cases.Ranked from the highest to the lowest,the malignancy proportion of the different types wasⅠb＞Ⅱb＞Ⅲ＞V＞Ⅰa＞Ⅱa＞Ⅳ.The malignant proportion of the low echo area with calcification was significantly higher than that of the lesions without calcification.The AUC(95％confidence interval[CI])for diagnosing malignant cases with the logistic regression models of US,US+ARFI,US+CEUS,and US+ARFI+CEUS were 0.895(0.862-0.927),0.908(0.878-0.937),0.921(0.893-0.948),and 0.927(0.902-0.952),respectively.Comparison of the AUC of the 4 regression models showed significant differences(P＜0.001).The detection rate of US for NMLs without calcification was 80.7％.When US was used in combination with ARFI and CEUS,86.4％of the malignant NMLs lesions without calcification could be detected if the lesion CEUS score was 4 or 5 points or if shear-wave velocity(SWV)≥4.28 m/s.Conclusion Breast NMLs with calcification show high risks of malignancy,and a pathological examination is always recommended for a conclusive diagnosis.Ultrasound multimodality examination can improve the diagnostic accuracy of breast NML without calcification.

Objective To compare the effectiveness of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay and microscopic examinations for detection of Schistosoma japonicum infections in Oncomelania hupensis in transmission-interrupted regions, so as to provide insights into the optimization of snail surveillance tools in these regions. Methods Four hilly schistosomiasis-endemic villages where transmission interruption was achieved were selected in Heqing County of Yunnan Province as the study villages, including Xinzhuang and Gule villages in hilly regions and Lianyi and Yitou villages in dam regions. Snail survey was performed by means of systematic sampling combined with environmental sampling in July 2018. All captured snails were identified for S. japonicum infections using microscopy. In addition, 10 to 20 snails were randomly sampled from each snail habitat following microscopy, numbered according to environments and subjected to LAMP assay. The positive rate of settings with S. japonicum-infected snails was compared among villages. Results A total of 7 949 living snails were captured from 83 snail habitats in 4 villages, and no S. japonicum infection was detected in snails. There were 226 mixed samples containing 1 786 snails subjected to LAMP assay, and positive LAMP assay was found in 3 mixed samples from 3 snail habitats in 2 dam villages. The positive rates of settings with S. japonicum-infected snails were comparable between Lianyi Village (one setting) and Yitou Village (2 set tings) (5.89% vs. 14.29%, P = 0.344). However, the overall positive rate of settings with S. japonicum-infected snails was significantly higher in dam villages (9.67%, 3/31) than in hilly villages (0) (P = 0.048). Conclusions LAMP assay is more sensitive to detect S. japonicum infections in O. hupensis than conventional microcopy method, which may serve as a supplementary method for detection of S. japonicum infections in O. hupensis in high-risk snail habitats in hilly transmission-interrupted regions.

Objective To investigate the influence of vitamin B supplementation on the plasma total homocysteine (Hcy), serum folate, serum vitamin B12, serum vitamin B6, and clinical state of senile epilepsy.Methods A total of 132 senile epilepsy patients with hyperhomocysteinemia, who visited the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2013 to July 2015, were enrolled into this study.Eighty-three patients who accepted the therapy of vitamin B supplementation (folate 2.5 mg/d, vitamin B6 10.0 mg/d, vitamin B12 1.5 mg/d) were selected as treatment group, and 49 patients with no vitamin B supplementation were selected as control group.All patients were followed-up for one year.The differences of serum Hcy, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin B6 and seizure frequency, MMSE scores, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDMA) scores between the treatment and the control groups were compared.According to the concentration of serum Hcy, 132 patients were divided into two groups: 75 patients (46 patients in the treatment group and 29 patients in the control group) with mild hyperhomocysteinemia (Hcy: 15.0-29.9 μmol/L), 57 patients (37 patients in the treatment group and 20 patients in the control group) with moderate-severe hyperhomocysteinemia (Hcy≥30.0 μmol/L).The differences of serum Hcy, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin B6 and seizure frequency, MMSE scores, HDMA scores between the treatment and the control group in the mild hyperhomocysteinemia group and in the moderate-severe hyperhomocysteinemia group were compared.And the influence factors of Hcy were analyzed.Results Correlation analysis revealed that Hcy was positively correlated with age (r=0.269, P=0.002), and negatively correlated with folate (r=-0.222, P=0.010).Hcy was associated with smoking (χ2=7.363,P=0.007), hypertension (χ2=6.187,P=0.013), and two or more antiepileptic drugs polytherapy (χ2=4.708,P=0.030).After vitamin B supplementation in the group of moderate-severe hyperhomocysteinemia, serum Hcy concentration ((15.68±4.85) μmol/L in the treatment group vs (31.14±11.18) μmol/L in the control group, t=5.890, P<0.01), seizure frequency (4.85±2.78 vs 6.15±1.95, t=2.028, P=0.047) and HDMA scores (15.22±7.55 vs 17.70±4.90, t=2.862, P=0.005) decreased, whereas serum folate ((9.08±3.33) ng/ml vs (5.87±2.91) ng/ml, t=3.618, P=0.001), vitamin B12 ((556.39±276.76) pg/ml vs (419.71±164.53) pg/ml, t=2.336, P=0.023), vitamin B6 ((22.94±5.59) μmol/L vs (21.09±4.87) μmol/L, t=2.029, P=0.047) and MMSE scores (26.89±1.94 vs 25.75±2.20, t=2.024,P=0.048) increased in the treatment group compared with the control group.While in the group of mild hyperhomocysteinemia, the differences of seizure frequency, HDMA and MMSE scores were not statistically significant between the treatment group and the control group (all P>0.05).Conclusions It is necessary to monitor serum Hcy for senile epilepsy.Vitamin B supplementation is a safe and inexpensive way to reduce the concentration of Hcy, assist to control seizures and improve the clinical symptom of depression and cognitive impairment for senile epilepsy with moderate-severe hyperhomocysteinemia.

Objective To explore the correlation of left ventricular systolic function calculated by automated cardiac motion quantification (aCMQ) and three-dimensional quantitative analysis (3DQA). Methods According to LVEF by 3DQA,patients were divided into abnormal cardiac function group(LVEF<50%)and normal cardiac function group(LVEF≥50%).Dynamic images from two chamber view(AP2), four chamber view(AP4)and three chamber view(AP3)of left ventricular long axis were acquired from 32 patients with abnormal cardiac function and 119 normal subjects.AP2 longitudinal strain (AP2LS),AP4 longitudinal strain (AP4LS) and AP3 longitudinal strain (AP3LS) as well as the left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) were measured by aCMQ. While left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV),left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV) and LVEF were derived through aCMQ automatically calculated region of interest (ROI) driven automation.The correlation of left ventricular systolic function indexes obtained by aCMQ and 3DQA were compared.Results No significant differences were found between the two groups in gender,body mass index(BMI) and age (P > 0.05).LVEF in abnormal group by 3QDA and aCMQ were much lower than those in normal group (P < 0.01).The absolute values of AP2LS,AP4LS,AP3LS and LVGLS in abnormal group were significantly lower than those in normal group (P < 0.01).LVEF by aCMQ in abnormal group was positively correlated with LVEF by 3QDA methods(r =0.91 ,P <0.01);LVEF by aCMQ in normal group was positively correlated with LVEF by 3QDA (r = 0.73,P < 0.01).The left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) measured by aCMQ was negatively correlated with LVEF by 3QDA(r = -0.815,P < 0.01).LVEF measured by aCMQ and 3DQA showed high inter-observer and intra-observer agreements in Bland-Altman charts.Conclusions aCMQ has preferable repeatability.Comparing with the traditional measurement method,LVEF measured by aCMQ has higher correlation with that measured by 3QDA.aCMQ can be a new and relatively accurate method to evaluate the left ventricular systolic function.

Objective To investigate the influence of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on levels of serum homocysteine (Hcy),folate,vitamin B12 and B6 in patients with post-stroke epilepsy (PSE).Methods The serum levels of Hcy,folate,vitamin B12 and B6 of 194 PSE patients with AEDs treatment for more than 1 year (AEDs treatment group) and 40 newly diagnosed PSE patients without AEDs therapy (control group) were detected.The effects of AEDs on above indexes were analyzed.Results Compared with control group,the serum level of serum Hcy was significantly increased,and the serum levels of folate,B12 were significantly decreased in AEDs treatment group (all P<0.05).The difference of the serum levels of vitamin B6 among the groups was not significant.Compared with monothetapy subgroup,the serum levels of Hcy was significantly increased in the combination therapy subgroup (P<0.05).Compared with control group,the serum levels of Hcy were significantly increased in patients with Valproate (VPA),Carbamazepine (CBZ) and Oxcarbazepine (OXC) monotherapy,the serum levels of folate were significantly decreased in patients with VPA and CBZ monotherapy,and the serum level of B12 was significantly decreased in patients with VPA monotherapy (all P<0.05).Compared with control group,the serum levels of Hcy were significantly increased in patients with 2 kinds of AEDs combination treatment [VPA+CBZ,VPA+Levetiracetam (LEV),VPA+OXC,CBZ+LEV] or ≥3 kinds of AEDs combination treatment,the serum levels of folate was significantly decreased in patients with 2 kinds of AEDs combination treatment (VPA+LEV,VPA+OXC,CBZ+LEV) or ≥3 kinds of AEDs combination treatment,the serum levels of B12 were siginificantly decreased in patients with 2 kinds of AEDs combination treatment (VPA+CBZ,VPA+OXC,CBZ+LEV) or ≥3 kinds of AEDs combination treatment (all P<0.05).The incidence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in AEDs treatment group (36.6%) was significantly higher than that in control group (20.0%) (χ2=4.085,P=0.043).And the difference of HHcy incidence between the combination therapy subgroup (47.6%) and the control group was statistical significant (χ2=6.950,P=0.008).The difference of HHcy incidence between the monotherapy subgroup (33.6%) and the control group was not significant.The HHcy incidence of patients with VPA and CBZ monotherapy (40.5%;43.8%) were significantly higer than those in the control group (χ2=3.871,P=0.049;χ2=4.726,P=0.030).The differences of HHcy incidence between patients with OXC,LEV monotherapy (29.2%;22.9%) and the control group were not significant.Conclusions AEDs therapy has little influence on the serum levels of vitamin B6,while has great influence on the serum levels of Hcy,folate and vitamin B12.Combination treatment of AEDs and monotherapy of VPA,CBZ may increase the incidence of HHcy in PSE patients.

Objective To explore the interaction of sleep quality and depression among patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods With multistage cluster sampling, all the participants were interviewed with self-designed questionnaire, diabetes-specific quality of life scale and self-rating depression scale, and Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale. Chi-square test was used for qualitative data. Risk factors were analyzed by means of multiple linear regression or logistic regression model. The indicator of interaction was calculated according to the delta method. Results There were 944 residents involved in the final analysis, including 365 males and 579 females. The average age was (64. 0 ± 10. 2) years. Compared with patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus( T2DM) who had good sleep quality and no depression symptoms, the risk of quality of life in those with good sleep quality but depression was 2. 75 (95% CI 1. 59-4. 77); and the risk of quality of life in those with poor sleep quality and no depression was 1. 55(95%CI 1. 03-2. 33). The risk of quality of life in those with poor sleep quality and depression was 4. 97(95% CI 2. 34-9. 63). Due to poor sleep quality and depression in patients with T2DM the combined interaction index was 2. 48 (95% CI 1. 44-4. 29), the relative excess risk was 3. 42(95% CI 2. 16-4. 67), and the attributable proportion was 0. 51(95% CI 0. 32-0. 70). Conclusion A combined interaction of poor sleep quality and depression in affecting the quality of life was found in type 2 diabetic patients. When both factors existed at the same time, the interaction effect of these 2 factors was greater than the single one.