ObjectiveTo explore the therapeutic effect of Xuebijing injection （XBJ） on severe acute pancreatitis induced acute lung injury （SAP-ALI） by regulating formyl peptide receptors （FPRs）/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 （NLRP3） inflammatory pathway. MethodsSixty rats were randomly divided into a sham group， a SAP-ALI model group， low-， medium-， and high-dose XBJ groups （4， 8， and 12 mL·kg^-1）， and a positive drug （BOC2， 0.2 mg·kg^-1） group. For the sham group， the pancreas of rats was only gently flipped after laparotomy， and then the abdomen was closed， while for the remaining five groups， SAP-ALI rat models were established by retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate （Na-Tc） via the biliopancreatic duct. XBJ and BOC2 were administered via intraperitoneal injection once daily for 3 d prior to modeling and 0.5 h after modeling. Blood was collected from the abdominal aorta 6 h after the completion of modeling， and the expression of interleukin （IL）-1β， IL-6， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in plasma was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The amount of ascites was measured， and the dry-wet weight ratios of pancreatic and lung tissue were determined. Pancreatic and lung tissue was taken for hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining to observe pathological changes and then scored. The protein expression levels of FPR1， FPR2， and NLRP3 in lung tissue were detected by the immunohistochemical method. Western blot was used to detect the expression of FPR1， FPR2， and NLRP3 in lung tissue. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression of FPR1， FPR2， and NLRP3 in lung tissue. ResultsCompared with the sham group， the SAP-ALI model group showed significantly decreased dry-wet weight ratio of lung tissue （P<0.01）， serious pathological changes of lung tissue， a significantly increased pathological score （P<0.01）， and significantly increased protein and mRNA expression levels of FPR1， FPR2， and NLRP3 in lung tissue （P<0.01）. After BOC2 intervention， the above detection indicators were significantly reversed （P<0.01）. After treatment with XBJ， the groups of different XBJ doses achieved results consistent with BOC2 intervention. ConclusionXBJ can effectively improve the inflammatory response of the lungs in SAP-ALI rats and reduce damage. The mechanism may be related to inhibiting the expression of FPRs and NLRP3 in lung tissue， which thereby reduces IL-1β and simultaneously antagonize the release of inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α.

Schizophrenia (SZ) stands as a severe psychiatric disorder. This study applied diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data in conjunction with graph neural networks to distinguish SZ patients from normal controls (NCs) and showcases the superior performance of a graph neural network integrating combined fractional anisotropy and fiber number brain network features, achieving an accuracy of 73.79% in distinguishing SZ patients from NCs. Beyond mere discrimination, our study delved deeper into the advantages of utilizing white matter brain network features for identifying SZ patients through interpretable model analysis and gene expression analysis. These analyses uncovered intricate interrelationships between brain imaging markers and genetic biomarkers, providing novel insights into the neuropathological basis of SZ. In summary, our findings underscore the potential of graph neural networks applied to multimodal DTI data for enhancing SZ detection through an integrated analysis of neuroimaging and genetic features.
Humans ; Schizophrenia/pathology* ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods* ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Brain/metabolism* ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; White Matter/pathology* ; Gene Expression ; Nerve Net/diagnostic imaging* ; Graph Neural Networks

Objective:To study the correlations of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)with arte-riovenous fistula(AVF)stenosis in hemodialysis(HD)patients.Methods:Data were collected from 625 patients who underwent arterio-venous fistula hemodialysis at the Department of Nephrology,Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College between January 2021 and June 2022.Of these,395 eligible patients with complete information were selected as subjects of study.The 245 patients with AVF stenosis were designated as group 1 and the 150 patients with-out AVF stenosis were designated as group 2.The routine biochemi-cal parameters and complete blood count were recorded for all pa-tients.Results:①Compared with patients in group 2,those in group 1 showed significantly higher NLR(5.07(4.00,6.66)vs.3.46(2.63,4.15),P<0.001),PLR(169.52(127.56,227.11)vs.125.66(89.31,165.31),P<0.001),and C-reactive protein(Hs-CRP)(1.90(0.80,2.99)vs.0.82(0.42,1.27),P<0.001).②Multivariate logistic regression analysis,which was corrected for age,sex,body mass index,AVF anastomosis,puncture method,and diabetes,showed that NLR(OR=2.195,95%CI=1.674～2.878,P<0.001),PLR(OR=1.008,95%CI=1.002～1.012,P=0.007),and Hs-CRP(OR=2.170,95%CI=1.607～2.751,P<0.001)were independent risk factors for AVF ste-nosis in HD patients.③Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the NLR curve(0.799,95%CI=0.756～0.838,P<0.001),PLR(0.694,95%CI=0.646～0.740,P<0.001),and Hs-CRP(0.717,95%CI=0.670～0.761,P<0.001)could be used to predict AVF stenosis.Their optimal critical values for prediction were 4.08,122.49,and 1.62,respectively.Their combina-tion showed improved prediction effect(AUC 0.870,95%CI=0.833～0.901,P<0.001),high sensitivity(79.18%),and high specificity(81.33%).Conclusion:NLR,PLR,and Hs-CRP were independent risk factors and predictors of AVF stenosis,and their combination has higher predictive value.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of Rotarex mechanical thrombectomy (Rotarex) combined with drug-coated balloon (DCB) versus percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) combined with DCB in the treatment of femoropopliteal artery in-stent restenosis (ISR).Methods:A multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted. 46 patients with femoropopliteal artery ISR admitted to five hospitals (Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University; Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University) from July 2020 to June 2024 were enrolled. Patients were randomly divided into the Rotarex+ DCB group ( n=24) and the PTA+ DCB group ( n=22) using a random number table. The clinical data of the two groups were collected, including clinical characteristics, Fontaine classification, stent placement location, stent duration, and lesion length. The primary endpoint was the target blood vessel patency rate at 6 and 12 months postoperatively; the secondary endpoints included improvement in clinical symptoms (Fontaine classification), rate of reintervention, and safety indicators. Measurement data were expressed as mean±standard deviation ( ± s), and the t-test was used for comparison between groups; count data were expressed as the number of cases and percentages, and intergroup comparisons were performed using the Chi-test or Fisher exact probability method. Results:At 12 months postoperatively, the target blood vessel patency rate in the Rotarex+ DCB group was significantly higher than that in the PTA+ DCB group (81.8% vs 45.5%, P=0.012), and the proportion of patients in Fontaine classification stage I was also higher (86.4% vs 45.5%, P=0.004). The results at the 6-month follow-up were consistent (target blood vessel patency rate: 87.0% vs 59.1%, P=0.035). In terms of safety, no severe complications such as arterial rupture, amputation, or procedure-related death occurred during the perioperative period in either group. During the postoperative follow-up, no amputation or procedure-related deaths occurred in either group. Conclusion:For the treatment of femoropopliteal artery ISR, Rotarex mechanical thrombectomy combined with DCB is significantly superior to PTA+ DCB in terms of 12-month target blood vessel patency rate and improvement of clinical symptoms, with comparable safety.

Military training represents one of the most essential activities for troops during peacetime,of which the prevention and treatment of training-induced injuries are a very important part.Recent findings of research suggest that cold atmospheric plasma(CAP)exhibits a distinctive and multifaceted superiority in terms of broad-spectrum sterilization,rapid blood coagulation and healing promotion for wounds.Consequently,CAP has good prospects of applications in diverse fields such as clinical medicine,emergency rescue and military medicine.Based on a review of the research progress in plasma medicine,the applicability of CAP in the prevention and treatment of military training injuries was discussed in this paper by focusing on the urgent issues related to military training injury,including the typical application scenarios and methods for CAP,the safety and effectiveness of plasma trauma prevention and treatment,and the key issues facing the prevention and treatment of military training injuries.

Objective To explore the causal relationship between inflammatory protein markers and the risk of colorectal cancer using a Mendelian randomization(MR)approach.Methods We obtained data pertaining to colorectal cancer from Genome-Wide Association Study(GWAS)datasets and used 91 inflammatory protein markers as the exposure variables.A two-sample MR analysis model was used to assess the causal link between the inflammatory markers and colorectal cancer risk.The robustness of the results was evaluated through heterogeneity,pleiotropy,and sensitivity analyses using 5 MR models:Inverse Variance Weighted(IVW),Weighted Median,MR Egger,Simple Mode,and Weighted Mode.We examined the mRNA expressions of PD-L1,AXIN1,and β-NGF using RT-qPCR in 86 untreated patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma admitted in Nanfang Hospital between December,2021 and December 2023,and analyzed their correlation with the clinical characteristics of the patients.Results Using the IVW model,MR analysis revealed significant causal associations between a reduced risk of colorectal cancer and lowered expressions of AXIN1(OR=0.866,95%CI:0.754-0.994,P=0.040),β-NGF(OR=0.914,95%CI:0.843-0.990,P=0.028;OR=0.884,95%CI:0.784-0.998,P=0.047 using Weighted Median model),and PD-L1(OR=0.903,95%CI:0.824-0.989,P=0.028).No significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy was observed,indicating good stability of the results.Sensitivity analysis confirmed the reliability of the findings.The clinical study demonstrated a significant correlation between PD-L1 expression and TNM staging,particularly in stage IV patients(P=0.007).AXIN1 and β-NGF expression levels were significantly correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation,and their expressions were higher in poorly differentiated samples(P<0.001).Conclusion Lowered expressions of inflammatory protein markers AXIN1,β-NGF,and PD-L1 are causally correlated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer and their expression levels are associated with TNM staging and tumor differentiation.These markers may thus serve as potential targets for colorectal cancer treatment and prevention.

Malignant tumors in children are one of the most important diseases that threaten the health and quality of life of children and are the second most common cause of death in children.With the continuous improvement and progress of treatment technology, the long-term survival rate of children with tumor has been significantly improved, but both the disease itself and the treatment can impair the immune function of children, which makes them vulnerable to various infectious diseases and secondary serious complications, and even become a source of infection, endangering the health of others. Vaccination is the most cost-effective measure to prevent infectious diseases. For children with normal immune functions, the benefits of vaccination usually outweigh the disadvantages. However, there is a lack of detailed data on the vaccination situation, efficacy and safety of vaccine use for such immunocompromised tumor survivors, and there are no authoritative and uniform vaccination recommendations. This article reviewed and summarized the literature and consensus of some domestic and foreign scholars on current status of post-treatment vaccination status, efficacy and safety of vaccination for children with tumors after treatment, with the aim of providing a reference for the practice in this field in China.