Objective:To observe and analyze the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) caused by adalimumab in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its influencing factors.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 106 patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with adalimumab at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from November 2019 to November 2023. Among them, 31 patients who experienced adverse reactions were included in the ADR group (case group), while 75 patients who did not experience adverse reactions were included in the non-ADR group (control group). Patients' basic information, laboratory tests, adverse drug reactions, etc were collected. Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as xˉ± s and means between two groups were compared using independent samples t-test. The percentage of count data was calculated, and the rate between groups was compared by χ2 test. The risk factors of adverse drug reactions caused by adalimumab in patients with inflammatory bowel disease were analyzed by single factor screening and multivariable Logistic regression model. Results:ADR occurred in 31 of 106 patients, accounting for 29.25% (31/106), among those patients which infection was the most common,accounting for 18.87%(20/106). The number of combined drugs (≥3 kinds), drug allergy history, drug duration (≥3 months), blood concentration (>12 μg/mL) in ADR group were higher than those in non-ADR group ( χ2-values were 5.90, 5.78, 6.94 and 10.07, respectively,t-values were 8.55 and 0.97 respectively; all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression results showed that the number of combined drugs ≥3, drug allergy history, drug duration >3 months, blood concentration >12 ng/L, creatinine and total bilirubin levels were all risk factors for adverse drug reactions of adalimumab in IBD patients (O R values were 2.680, 2.394, 3.228, 4.415, 3.673 and 4.646, respectively;95% CI:1.563~3.798, 1.434-3.354, 2.070-4.387, 3.803-5.027, 2.364-4.982 and 3.449-5.843, respectively; all P<0.05). Conclusion:The number of combined drugs ≥3, drug allergy history, drug duration >3 months, blood concentration >12 ng/L, creatinine and total bilirubin levels are all risk factors for adverse drug reactions in IBD patients with adalimumab. In clinical practice, it is necessary to strengthen monitoring and take timely preventive measures for IBD patients with the above-mentioned factors, in order to reduce the incidence of ADR.

To analyze potential adverse drug events(ADEs) associated with ustekinumab and upadacitinib in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) based on an international authoritative database, thereby providing evidence for clinical medication safety.

Objective:To analyze the occurrence and influencing factors of adverse reactions in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) during the long-term treatment with vedolizumab (VDZ).Methods:The study was a retrospective observational design. The study subjects were selected from patients who long-termly used VDZ to treat moderate-to-severe active IBD in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from February 1, 2021 to December 31, 2023. Clinical data of patients were collected through the hospital system of clinical pharmacy management, including general information, IBD condition, VDZ maintenance treatment plan, combination of drugs, laboratory test results, etc. The adverse reactions of VDZ were screened and their clinical manifestations, severity, intervention and outcomes were analyzed descriptively. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether VDZ adverse reactions occurred, and the differences in clinical data between them were compared; the influencing factors of adverse reactions were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression method.Results:A total of 142 patients were included in the study, including 81 males and 61 females, aged (37.6±6.4) years with a range from 18 to 57 years. There were 103 patients (72.5%) developed VDZ adverse reactions, which mainly involved skin (52 patients, account for 50.5%), digestive system (33 patients, account for 32.0%) and respiratory system (18 patients, account for 17.5%). All 103 patients did not stop VDZ treatment, and the adverse reaction symptoms disappeared or were relieved after symptomatic treatments. Compared with patients without VDZ adverse reactions, the age of patients with VDZ adverse reactions were higher [(39.5±5.4) years vs. (32.4±6.7) years], and the proportions of patients with chronic relapsing clinical type [65.0%(67/103) vs. 41.0%(16/39)], severe disease activity [60.2%(62/103) vs. 33.3%(13/39)], combined drug use [67.0%(69/103) vs. 46.2%(18/39)], and injecting VDZ once every 4 weeks during maintenance treatment [27.2%(28/103) vs. 10.3%(4/39)] in the group were larger, with statistical significance (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the chronic relapsing clinical type [odds ratio ( OR)=1.012, 95% confidence interval ( CI): 1.001-1.028, P=0.002], severe disease activity ( OR=1.096, 95% CI: 1.010-1.158, P=0.040), combination drugs ( OR=1.035, 95% CI: 1.003-1.122, P=0.041), VDZ maintenance therapy injection interval of 4 weeks ( OR=1.014, 95% CI: 1.002-1.113, P=0.005) were the risk factors for VDZ adverse reactions. Conclusions:Among IBD patients receiving long-term treatment of VDZ, the incidence of adverse reactions of VDZ was 72.5%, mainly involving skin, digestive system and respiratory system. Symptomatic treatments could be given, and the prognosis was good. Patients with chronic relapsing clinical type, severe disease activity, combination therapy, and shorter VDZ maintenance injection interval were at higher risk of adverse reactions.

Objective:To analyze the occurrence and influencing factors of adverse reactions in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) during the long-term treatment with vedolizumab (VDZ).Methods:The study was a retrospective observational design. The study subjects were selected from patients who long-termly used VDZ to treat moderate-to-severe active IBD in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from February 1, 2021 to December 31, 2023. Clinical data of patients were collected through the hospital system of clinical pharmacy management, including general information, IBD condition, VDZ maintenance treatment plan, combination of drugs, laboratory test results, etc. The adverse reactions of VDZ were screened and their clinical manifestations, severity, intervention and outcomes were analyzed descriptively. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether VDZ adverse reactions occurred, and the differences in clinical data between them were compared; the influencing factors of adverse reactions were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression method.Results:A total of 142 patients were included in the study, including 81 males and 61 females, aged (37.6±6.4) years with a range from 18 to 57 years. There were 103 patients (72.5%) developed VDZ adverse reactions, which mainly involved skin (52 patients, account for 50.5%), digestive system (33 patients, account for 32.0%) and respiratory system (18 patients, account for 17.5%). All 103 patients did not stop VDZ treatment, and the adverse reaction symptoms disappeared or were relieved after symptomatic treatments. Compared with patients without VDZ adverse reactions, the age of patients with VDZ adverse reactions were higher [(39.5±5.4) years vs. (32.4±6.7) years], and the proportions of patients with chronic relapsing clinical type [65.0%(67/103) vs. 41.0%(16/39)], severe disease activity [60.2%(62/103) vs. 33.3%(13/39)], combined drug use [67.0%(69/103) vs. 46.2%(18/39)], and injecting VDZ once every 4 weeks during maintenance treatment [27.2%(28/103) vs. 10.3%(4/39)] in the group were larger, with statistical significance (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the chronic relapsing clinical type [odds ratio ( OR)=1.012, 95% confidence interval ( CI): 1.001-1.028, P=0.002], severe disease activity ( OR=1.096, 95% CI: 1.010-1.158, P=0.040), combination drugs ( OR=1.035, 95% CI: 1.003-1.122, P=0.041), VDZ maintenance therapy injection interval of 4 weeks ( OR=1.014, 95% CI: 1.002-1.113, P=0.005) were the risk factors for VDZ adverse reactions. Conclusions:Among IBD patients receiving long-term treatment of VDZ, the incidence of adverse reactions of VDZ was 72.5%, mainly involving skin, digestive system and respiratory system. Symptomatic treatments could be given, and the prognosis was good. Patients with chronic relapsing clinical type, severe disease activity, combination therapy, and shorter VDZ maintenance injection interval were at higher risk of adverse reactions.

Objective:To observe and analyze the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) caused by adalimumab in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its influencing factors.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 106 patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with adalimumab at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from November 2019 to November 2023. Among them, 31 patients who experienced adverse reactions were included in the ADR group (case group), while 75 patients who did not experience adverse reactions were included in the non-ADR group (control group). Patients' basic information, laboratory tests, adverse drug reactions, etc were collected. Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as xˉ± s and means between two groups were compared using independent samples t-test. The percentage of count data was calculated, and the rate between groups was compared by χ2 test. The risk factors of adverse drug reactions caused by adalimumab in patients with inflammatory bowel disease were analyzed by single factor screening and multivariable Logistic regression model. Results:ADR occurred in 31 of 106 patients, accounting for 29.25% (31/106), among those patients which infection was the most common,accounting for 18.87%(20/106). The number of combined drugs (≥3 kinds), drug allergy history, drug duration (≥3 months), blood concentration (>12 μg/mL) in ADR group were higher than those in non-ADR group ( χ2-values were 5.90, 5.78, 6.94 and 10.07, respectively,t-values were 8.55 and 0.97 respectively; all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression results showed that the number of combined drugs ≥3, drug allergy history, drug duration >3 months, blood concentration >12 ng/L, creatinine and total bilirubin levels were all risk factors for adverse drug reactions of adalimumab in IBD patients (O R values were 2.680, 2.394, 3.228, 4.415, 3.673 and 4.646, respectively;95% CI:1.563~3.798, 1.434-3.354, 2.070-4.387, 3.803-5.027, 2.364-4.982 and 3.449-5.843, respectively; all P<0.05). Conclusion:The number of combined drugs ≥3, drug allergy history, drug duration >3 months, blood concentration >12 ng/L, creatinine and total bilirubin levels are all risk factors for adverse drug reactions in IBD patients with adalimumab. In clinical practice, it is necessary to strengthen monitoring and take timely preventive measures for IBD patients with the above-mentioned factors, in order to reduce the incidence of ADR.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics and possible influencing factors of cognitive impairment in patients with CSF1R related diseases (CRD), and provide a basis for the diagnosis, evaluation, treatment, and prognosis of CRD.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on CRD patients diagnosed at the Shanghai Sixth People′s Hospital from April 1, 2018 to May 1, 2024. Information such as gender, age of onset, family history, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, imaging features, and CSF1R gene mutations were collected to analyze the phenotypic characteristics of CRD patients with different cognitive levels. Multiple linear regression was used to identify factors that may be related to CRD cognitive dysfunction.Results:A total of 40 patients were collected, including 22 males and 18 females. 42.5%(17/40) of the patients had a family history, with an onset age of (39.6±7.9)years and an overall median disease duration of 1.25(1.00, 2.00)years. The MMSE score was (17.90±7.89)points and the MoCA score was (15.16±7.76)points. All patients had frontal leukoencephalopathies and no cerebellar involvement. The cognitive impairment of patients was multidimensional, mainly characterized by orientation disorders, structural barriers attention and calculation disorders, visual spatial and executive dysfunction, delayed recall disorders, and language dysfunction. Patients with onset age ≥40 years old had poorer abstract ability. In addition, patients with a positive family history had poorer immediate memory and naming abilities, while those with ventricular dilation had poorer scores in MMSE total score, MoCA total score, orientation, delayed recall ability, and naming ability.Conclusions:CRD patients generally exhibit significant impairment in multiple cognitive domains, mainly characterized by deficits in orientation, structure attention, and computational abilities. Patients with early onset, long course of illness, positive family history, and ventricular enlargement are more likely to experience partial cognitive decline.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of formononetin （FMN） on the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） rats and its possible mechanism. METHODS IBD rat model was constructed by using trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid （TNBS） induction. Forty-eight rats with successful modeling were divided into model group （normal saline）， low-dose and high-dose FMN groups （20 and 40 mg/kg FMN）， and high-dose FMN+YAP inhibitor Verteporfin （VTPF） group （40 mg/kg FMN+10 mg/kg VTPF）， with 12 rats in each group. Another 12 rats were set as the normal group （normal saline）. They were given drug/normal saline， once a day， for 7 consecutive days. After the last administration， the disease activity index （DAI） of rats was calculated， and the colon length of rats in each group was measured. The pathological changes in the colon tissue of rats were observed. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6） and IL-10 in serum were detected， and the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells was detected. The expressions of Yes associated protein （YAP）， cleaved cysteine-containing aspartate proteolytic enzyme 3 （cleaved-caspase-3）， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2） and Bcl-2 associated X protein （Bax） were detected in colon tissue of rats. RESULTS Compared with the normal group， DAI score， the levels of TNF-α and IL- 6， the apoptotic rate of intestinal epithelial cells， and the expressions of cleaved-caspase-3 and Bax protein in the model group were increased greatly （P＜0.05）； the length of the colon was greatly decreased （P＜0.05）， and the serum level of IL-10 and the protein expressions of YAP and Bcl-2 were greatly reduced （P＜0.05）. The cell morphology of colon tissue was abnormal， with disordered arrangement and inflammatory cell infiltration. Compared with IBD group， the above indexes of rats were improved significantly in low-dose and high-dose FMN groups （P＜0.05）， in dose-dependent manner （P＜0.05）. VTPF significantly alleviated the effects of FMN on the above indexes of IBD rats （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS FMN may promote the expression of YAP by inhibiting the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway， thereby inhibiting apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in IBD rats.

Oligonucleotide microarray technology is a powerful data-mining platform and has been widely applied in biosciences. To improve the performance of assays on the oligonucleotide microarray, the factors that influence the hybridization effects such as surface chemistry, probe size, spacer length, hybridization conditions etc were intensely studied and optimized. However, it is a key problem with DNA microarrays how to generate higher fluorescent signals to improve the detection sensitivity. Two types of multiply labeled primers, termed multiply labeled linear primer and multiply labeled branched primer, were used to enhance the fluorescent signal obtained from two-dimensional DNA microarrays.The signal was intensified by increasing the number of fluorophores labeled on the target DNA segment. It was indicated that the detection limit (minimum template amoumt for detection) of the multiply labeled primers is about 1% of that of the singly labeled primer. Multiple labeling is an effective signal amplification method to increase the detection sensitivity of the probes in a miniaturized array format.