Objective To mine and analyze the routine blood test data of children with allergic rhinitis (AR), identify routine blood parameters related to childhood allergic rhinitis, establish an effective diagnostic model, and evaluate the performance of the model. Methods This study was a retrospective study of clinical cases. The experimental group comprised a total of 1110 children diagnosed with AR at the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University during the period from December 12, 2020 to December 12, 2021, while the control group included 1109 children without a history of allergic rhinitis or other allergic diseases who underwent routine physical examinations during the same period. Information such as age, sex and routine blood test results was collected for all subjects. The levels of routine blood test indicators were compared between AR children and healthy children using comprehensive intelligent baseline analysis, with indicators of P≥0.05 excluded; variables were screened by Lasso regression. Binary Logistic regression was used to further evaluate the influence of multiple routine blood indexes on the results. Five kinds of machine model algorithms were used, namely extreme value gradient lift (XGBoost), logistic regression (LR), gradient lift decision tree (LGBMC), Random forest (RF) and adaptive lift algorithm (AdaBoost), to establish the diagnostic models. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to screen the optimal model. The best LightGBM algorithm was used to build an online patient risk assessment tool for clinical application. Results Statistically significant differences were observed between the AR group and the control group in the following routine blood test indicators: mean cellular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), hemoglobin (HGB), absolute value of basophils (BASO), absolute value of eosinophils (EOS), large platelet ratio (P-LCR), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet count (PLT), absolute values of leukocyte neutrophil (W-LCC), leukocyte monocyte (W-MCC), leukocyte lymphocyte (W-SCC), and age. Lasso regression identified these variables as important predictors, and binary Logistic regression further analyzed the significant influence of these variables on the results. The optimal machine learning algorithm LightGBM was used to establish a multi-index joint detection model. The model showed robust prediction performance in the training set, with AUC values of 0.8512 and 0.8103 in the internal validation set. Conclusion The identified routine blood parameters can be used as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and risk assessment of AR, which can improve the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosis. The established model provides scientific basis for more accurate diagnostic tools and personalized prevention strategies. Future studies should prospectively validate these findings and explore their applicability in other related diseases.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Rhinitis, Allergic/blood* ; Child ; Biomarkers/blood* ; Retrospective Studies ; Early Diagnosis ; Child, Preschool ; ROC Curve ; Logistic Models ; Hematologic Tests ; Algorithms ; Adolescent ; Machine Learning

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors, clinical characteristics, and bacterial resistance of bloodstream infections caused by Streptococcus mitis in children with hematological disease, so as to provide a reference for infection control. METHODS: The clinical information and laboratory findings of pediatric patients complicated with blood cultures positive for Streptococcus mitis from January 2018 to December 2020 in the Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital were searched and collected. The clinical characteristics, susceptibility factors, and antibiotic resistance of the children were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Data analysis from 2018 to 2020 showed that the proportion of Streptococcus mitis isolated from bloodstream infections in children (≤14 years old) with hematological diseases was the highest (19.91%) and significantly higher than other bacteria, accounting for 38.64% of Gram-positive cocci, and presented as an increasing trend year by year. A total of 427 children tested positive blood cultures, including 85 children with bloodstream infections caused by Streptococcus mitis who tested after fever. Most children experienced a recurrent high fever in the early and middle stages (≤6 d) of neutropenia and persistent fever for more than 3 days. After adjusting the antibiotics according to the preliminary drug susceptibility results, the body temperature of most children (63.5%) returned to normal within 4 days. The 85 children were mainly diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), accounting for 84.7%. The proportion of children in the neutropenia stage was 97.7%. The incidence of oral mucosal damage, lung infection, and gastrointestinal injury symptoms was 40%, 31.8%, and 27.1%, respectively. The ratio of elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin was 65.9% and 9.4%, respectively. All isolated strains of Streptococcus mitis were not resistant to vancomycin and linezolid, and the resistance rate to penicillin, cefotaxime, levofloxacin, and quinupristin-dalfopristin was 10.6%, 8.2%, 9.4%, and 14.1%, respectively. None of children died due to bloodstream infection caused by Streptococcus mitis. CONCLUSION The infection rate of Streptococcus mitis is increasing year by year in children with hematological diseases, especially in children with AML. Among them, neutropenia and oral mucosal damage after chemotherapy are high-risk infection factors. The common clinical symptoms include persistent high fever, oral mucosal damage, and elevated CRP. Penicillin and cephalosporins have good sensitivity. Linezolid, as a highly sensitive antibiotic, can effectively control infection and shorten the course of disease.
Humans ; Child ; Streptococcal Infections/microbiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Hematologic Diseases/complications* ; Streptococcus mitis ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Risk Factors ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Female ; Male ; Bacteremia/microbiology* ; Child, Preschool ; Adolescent

Objective: To study the incidence of bloodstream infections, pathogen distribution, and antibiotic resistance profile in patients with hematological malignancies. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2021, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, pathogen distribution, and antibiotic resistance profiles of patients with malignant hematological diseases and bloodstream infections in the Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. Results: A total of 582 incidences of bloodstream infections occurred in 22,717 inpatients. From 2018 to 2021, the incidence rates of bloodstream infections were 2.79%, 2.99%, 2.79%, and 2.02%, respectively. Five hundred ninety-nine types of bacteria were recovered from blood cultures, with 487 (81.3%) gram-negative bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Eighty-one (13.5%) were gram-positive bacteria, primarily Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Enterococcus faecium, whereas the remaining 31 (5.2%) were fungi. Enterobacteriaceae resistance to carbapenems, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam, and tigecycline were 11.0%, 15.3%, 15.4%, and 3.3%, with a descending trend year on year. Non-fermenters tolerated piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam, and quinolones at 29.6%, 13.3%, and 21.7%, respectively. However, only two gram-positive bacteria isolates were shown to be resistant to glycopeptide antibiotics. Conclusions: Bloodstream pathogens in hematological malignancies were broadly dispersed, most of which were gram-negative bacteria. Antibiotic resistance rates vary greatly between species. Our research serves as a valuable resource for the selection of empirical antibiotics.
Humans ; Bacteremia/epidemiology* ; Cefoperazone ; Sulbactam ; Retrospective Studies ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Sepsis ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology* ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination ; Escherichia coli

As an important part of medical devices, in vitro diagnostic reagents are important means to prevent and diagnose and protect people's health. Supervision and sampling is an important and key supervision method to ensure the in vitro diagnostic reagent products are qualified. This paper summarizes the problems encountered in recent years in vitro diagnostic quantitative testing kit supervision sampling, analyzes the causes of these problems, and puts forward corresponding suggestions, hoping to provide constructive suggestions for supervision sampling.
Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; Reference Standards

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of Rh phenotype, irregular antibodies screenting and postpartum follow-up of RhD METHODS: The samples of 313 RhD RESULTS: The Rh serological phenotypes of 313 RhD CONCLUSION The Rh serological phenotype of RhD
Blood Group Antigens ; Female ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System

OBJECTIVE: To explore the diagnostic value of HBA METHODS: 1 178 couples in the department of women's health of Chongqing maternal and child health hospital were selected for pregnancy examination. Peripheral venous blood was extracted and analyzed for parallel blood routine test, hemoglobin capillary electrophoresis and thalassemia gene detection. RESULTS: A total of 265 cases of thalassemia gene carriers were screened out in 1 178 couples； 91.3% β CONCLUSION HBA
Child ; Female ; Hematologic Tests ; Hemoglobin A2/analysis* ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Pregnancy ; alpha-Thalassemia/genetics* ; beta-Thalassemia/diagnosis*

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics, prognosis and risk factors of bloodstream infection in patients with hematological malignancies in the tropics, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of bloodstream infection. METHODS: The clinical features, blood culture results and prognosis of patients with bloodstream infection in patients with hematological malignancies admitted to Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: The most common primary infection site of the 81 patients with hematological malignancies was lung (46.91%), followed by PICC (11.11%). The detection rate of Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria in the blood culture was 60.98% and 30.02%, respectively. Coagulase-negative staphylococci was the most common Gram-positive bacteria resulting in bloodstream infection in our study. Of the Gram-negatives, Klebsiella pneumoniae (34.38%) was predominant, followed by Escherichia coli (18.75%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.75%). Gram-positive bacteria was highly sensitive (100%) to vancomycin, linezolid and tigecycline. Study showed that Gram-negative bacteria had low sensitive to quinolones, in particular, the resistance rate of Escherichia coli to quinolones was as high as 83.33%. In terms of overall survival (OS), the 30-days OS of patients with Gram-negative and Gram-positive septicemia was 77.42% and 92.00%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that septic shock (P=0.001, RR=269.27) was an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality, and remission status (P=0.027, RR=0.114) was an independent predictor of a favourable outcome of bloodstream infection in patients with hematological malignancies. CONCLUSION Gram-positive bacteria are the main pathogens causing bloodstream infections in patients with hematological malignancies in the tropics. Improving the care of PICC is an important measure to reduce the incidence of bloodstream infection in patients with hematological malignancies in the tropics. A correct treatment relieving disease and effective prevention and treatment of septic shock can reduce mortality of patients with bloodstream infection in patients with hematological malignancies in the tropics.
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Bacteremia/drug therapy* ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Hematologic Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens sampled from the patients with bloodstream infection in the department of hematology of PLA General Hospital, so as to provide evidences for clinical prevention and control infection. METHODS: From January 2014 to December 2017, A total of 286 cases-time positive blood culture samples from 212 patients in the department of hematology of the General Hospital of Chinese PLA were collected. The clinical characteristics of patients and the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: 182(63.64%) bacterial strains were Gram-negative, and the other 104(36.36%) were Gram-positive. There were 88 strains of Escherichia coli(30.77%), 34 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(11.89%), 26 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae(9.09%), 25 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis(8.74%), 20 strains of Gram-positive rods(6.99%), 16 strains of Staphylococcus hominis(5.59%), 11 strains of Etaphylococcus haemolyticus(3.85%), 10 strains of Staphylococcus aureus(3.50%), 6 strains of Staphylococcus capitis(2.10%), 5 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii(1.75%) and so on. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae as Gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to amikacin. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus as Gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to vancomycin and nitrofurantoin. CONCLUSION The blood culture patients with bloodstream infection in department of hematology of our hospital confirmed that more infections are Gram-negative. The clinicians should choose suitable antibiotics according to the results of bacterial culture and drug sensitive test.
Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Hematologic Diseases ; Humans ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis

Aged ; Aging ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; Body Size ; Dogs ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Genomic Instability ; Glucose ; Growth Hormone ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Mammals ; Quality of Life

PURPOSE: Recently, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) in Korean children has been increased. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of rhinitis and to compare clinical parameters between AR and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) in children.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1,034 children under 18 years of age who visited Korea University Anam Hospital for rhinitis symptoms from January 2008 to December 2017. Clinical data, including clinical features, comorbidities, blood test results, allergen sensitization profile, and pulmonary function test parameters, were collected.RESULTS: Among the 1,034 children with rhinitis, 737 (71.3%) were AR and 297 (28.7%) were NAR. The prevalence of AR gradually increased with age. The median levels of eosinophil count (4.1%), serum total IgE (204.4 IU/L), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) concentration (17.9 µg/L), and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) (22.0 ppb) were significantly higher in children with AR than in those with NAR. The sensitization rate to the inhalant allergens increased with age; however, food allergen sensitization rate tended to decrease. Median levels of eosinophil count, total IgE, ECP, and FeNO were significantly higher in the poly-sensitized group than in the mono-sensitized and nonsensitized groups.CONCLUSION: More than 70% of Korean children who have rhinitis symptoms are AR. Children with AR more likely to have higher levels of FeNO and bronchial asthma. Poly-sensitized children showed increased rates of atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma.
Allergens ; Asthma ; Child ; Comorbidity ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Eosinophil Cationic Protein ; Eosinophils ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Nitric Oxide ; Prevalence ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinitis ; Rhinitis, Allergic