Objective　: To investigate the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in drinking water (tap water andwell water) in urban and rural areas of Hohhot, assess the safety of drinking water, and to provide data support for localdrinking water radioactivity monitoring and management. Methods　: Representative samples of well water and tap waterwere collected from nine banners/counties/districts in Hohhot. Activity concentrations were measured using a low-back-ground gross α/β counter, an α spectrometer, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and a radium/radon analyzer. Results　: A total of nine tap water samples and nine well water samples were analyzed. For the tap water samples, gross αactivity concentrations ranged from 0.093 to 0.193 Bq/L, gross β from 0.091 to 0.225 Bq/L, uranium mass concentrationsfrom 2.32 to 10.36 μg/L, thorium mass concentrations from 0.09 to 0.20 μg/L,210Po activity concentrations from below theminimum detectable limit to 0.41 mBq/L, and 226Ra activity concentrations from 8.70 to 13.35 mBq/L. For the well watersamples, gross α activity concentrations ranged from 0.111 to 0.203 Bq/L, gross β from 0.111 to 0.270 Bq/L, uranium massconcentrations from 2.31 to 13.28 μg/L, thorium mass concentrations from 0.17 to 0.26 μg/L,210Po activity concentrationsfrom 1.03 to 2.12 mBq/L, and 226Ra activity concentrations from 15.38 to 23.63 mBq/L. Conclusion　 The activityconcen-trations of natural radionuclides in both well water and tap water in the Hohhot region were at environmental backgroundlevels and met national drinking water hygiene standards.

Objective To comprehensively obtain the present situation of medical radiation protection resources by investigating the basic information of all medical institutions in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China from 2017 to 2019. Methods An investigation was conducted on the basic information of medical institutions according to the unified plan of medical radiation protection monitoring project issued in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, involving all radiodiagnostic medical institutions throughout the region. Results By the end of 2019, there were 1195 radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions, 7285 radiation workers, 2705 sets of radiological diagnostic equipment, 36 medical accelerators, and 22 sets of nuclear medicine equipment in the whole region. Conclusion The radiological diagnosis and treatment resources in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region are developing rapidly. However, the problems of insufficient per capita resources and uneven development among the cities are becoming increasingly prominent.

Objective To obtain the information on frequency of diagnostic medical X-ray examination and age distribution of examined individuals surveyed through samples from 12 hospitals in Inner Mongolia region to provide the basis for the optimization of medical exposure.Methods Stratified sampling method was used to select 12 hospitals in the region to survey the information of examined patients on sex,age and exposed location of patients undergoing medical X-ray examination in 2015 and 2016.Based on the information on number of inpatients,number of inpatients and total number of staff,the total frequency of medical X-ray examinations in the region for 2015 and 2016 was estimated by using multiple linear regression model.Results The survey showed that the total frequency of medical exposure was,in decreasing order,tertiary hospitals ＞ secondary hospitals ＞ primary hospitals,and meanwhile the general hospitals ＞ specialized hospitals.Values on frequency in general hospitals in 2015 and 2016 were 223 examinations per 1 000 population and 233 per 1 000 in conventional X-ray examination,96 per 1 000 and 125 per 1 000 in CT examination,1 per 1 000 and 2 per 1 000 in fluoroscopy,35 per 1 000 and 19 per 1 000 in dental radiology,1 per 1 000 and 2 per 1 000 in breast fluoroscopy in the region,respectively.Conclusions The frequency of radiological diagnosis and treatment in Inner Mongolia showed an rapid upward trend,but varied greatly dependent on the levels and types of medical institutions.Further surveys should be expanded with focuses on their comprehensiveness and relevancy.