Objective To analyze Chinese and English publications pertaining to Oncomelania hupensis control from 2005 to 2024, so as to decipher the research status and hotspots of O. hupensis control. Methods Chinese and English publications pertaining to O. hupensis control from 2005 to 2024 were retrieved in the Web of Science Core Collection Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. The annual number of publications was analyzed from 2005 to 2024, and the author and institution cooperation networks were mapped using the software CiteSpace 6.3.1. Keywords were extracted from publications to map the co-occurrence, burst and timeline of keywords to identify the research hotspots of O. hupensis control. Results A total of 158 English publications and 771 Chinese publications were included for bibliometric analyses. The overall output of English publications was relatively small from 2005 to 2024, the annual average publication was 7.90 publications. Parasites & Vectors was the most productive journal by the number of publications (21 publications). The three most productive authors included Li Shizhu (24 publications), Zhou Xiaonong (13 publications), and Yang Kun (12 publications), and the three most productive institutions included Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (49 publications), the WHO (27 publications), and Fudan University (25 publications). The annual average number of Chinese publications was high from 2005 to 2015 (57.73 publications), and reduced to 15.11 publications during the period from 2016 to 2024, with Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control as the most productive journal (241 publications). The three most productive authors included Wang Wanxian (18 publications), Sun Qixiang (16 publications), and Dai Jianrong (16 publications), and the three most productive institutions included Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases (55 publications), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (47 publications), and Hubei Uni-versity (38 publications). Among the 158 English publications, molluscicidal effect, climate change, geographic information, biological control, machine learning were current research hotspots, and the Yangtze River and elimination were emerging research hotspots. Among the 771 Chinese publications, molluscicidal effect, niclosamide, comprehensive management, molluscicide, effectiveness evaluation, marshland, and endophyte were current research hotspots, and the future research hotspots shifted to molluscicidal effect and pyriclobenzuron. Conclusions Limited attention is paid to the research on O. hupensis control across the world. The Yangtze River, elimination, molluscicidal effect, and pyriclobenzuron may be future research hotspots. High attention is recommended to be paid to the research on O. hupensis control, and development of diverse approaches for O. hupensis control is of urgent needs. We should continue to attach importance to the control research of O. hupensis and strengthen the exploration of diverse snail extermination and control methods.

Objective: To characterize perioperative dynamic changes in immune-cell phenotypes and inflammatory cytokines in patients undergoing CPB (cardiopulmonary bypass) cardiac surgery, and to explore their associations with postoperative outcomes. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 120 adult patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery under CPB at West China Hospital from May 2022 to March 2023 were enrolled. Perioperative immune-cell phenotypes and concentrations of 40 inflammation-related cytokines were measured. The primary outcomes were the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score at 24 h after surgery and ΔSOFA (the peak SOFA score within 48 h after surgery minus the preoperative SOFA score). Secondary outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), acute kidney injury (AKI), respiratory failure, severe liver injury, and infection. Results: The mean age of enrolled patients was 57±10 years. Of these, 52% (62/120) were male and 90% (108/120) underwent valve surgery. During the rewarming to the end of CPB, neutrophil counts rapidly increased (7.39×10 /L vs preoperative 3.07×10 /L, P<0.001), with significant upregulation of CD11b (7.30×10 /L vs preoperative 3.05×10 /L, P<0.001) and CD54 (7.15×10 /L vs preoperative 2.99×10 /L, P<0.001). Lymphocyte counts increased at the end of CPB (1.75×10 /L vs preoperative 1.12×10 /L, P<0.001) but decreased significantly at 24 h after surgery (0.59×10 /L vs preoperative 1.12×10 /L, P<0.001). Plasma analysis showed that multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines increased during CPB and remained elevated up to 24 h after surgery; five chemokines and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 peaked at the end of CPB. The SOFA score increased from 1 (1, 2) preoperatively to 7 (5, 10) at 24 h after surgery, with a ΔSOFA of 6 (4, 8). Within 30 days after surgery, 48 patients (40.0%) developed AKI, 17 (14.2%) developed infection, 4 (3.3%) developed severe liver injury, 3 (2.5%) developed respiratory failure, and 3 (2.5%) experienced MACE. During the 2-year follow-up, 8 patients (6.7%) experienced MACE and 5 (4.2%) died. Conclusion: Multi-organ dysfunction is common after cardiac surgery under CPB (median ΔSOFA, 6), accompanied by perioperative activation of multiple immune-cell subsets and upregulation of pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and chemotactic mediators. This study provides data-driven evidence and research clues for further investigation of the associations between CPB-related immune perturbations and postoperative organ dysfunction and clinical outcomes.

Iron is an indispensable trace element for the human body to maintain normal physiological functions， widely participating in key processes such as oxygen transport， energy metabolism， and cell signal transduction. The homeostasis of iron is crucial for maintaining the structural integrity and functional stability of the cardiovascular system. Recent studies have shown that iron homeostasis imbalance， especially iron overload， has become a major risk factor for the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis （AS）. The downstream-induced ferroptosis can form a "iron overload-lipid peroxidation-inflammation" vicious triangle through multiple pathways such as promoting oxidative stress， lipid peroxidation， and inflammatory response， and the three mutually reinforce each other to accelerate plaque formation and progression. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has demonstrated unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of AS， with definite clinical efficacy. Its mechanism of action， in addition to improving lipid metabolism and protecting vascular endothelium， is closely related to the regulation of iron homeostasis in the body. From the new perspectives of systemic iron homeostasis imbalance and the "iron overload-lipid peroxidation-inflammation" vicious triangle， this article reviews the research progress in the association between iron homeostasis imbalance and AS in recent years， and integrate the mechanism of iron homeostasis imbalance in modern medicine with the TCM theory of stasis and toxin interconnection. It focuses on exploring the potential molecular mechanisms of TCM in regulating iron homeostasis through intervention in key pathways of iron overload and inhibition of ferroptosis， summarizes the "iron reduction-antioxidation-anti-inflammation" network constructed by TCM compound prescriptions， and the characteristics of TCM active components in synergistically resisting systemic iron homeostasis imbalance through sharing key targets such as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2） and nuclear factor （NF）-κB. This article provides ideas and a theoretical basis that combine the characteristics of TCM theory with modern scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of AS.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mutation status of the MET gene in tumor patients， with a focus on its expression in lung cancer tissues and its impact on patient prognosis， providing theoretical basis and potential targets for precise diagnosis and treatment of the tumors. MethodsA total of 1，627 tumor patient samples were collected from January 2021 to September 2025. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to conduct DNA-level gene detection on 137 tumor patients with MET mutations. The distribution of mutation sites in exons and introns， as well as the occurrence frequencies of MET gene amplification and gene fusion were analyzed， with particular attention paid to the mutation frequencies of each exon and the high-frequency variant types. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to analyze the expression levels of c-MET protein in tumor tissues of the 137 patients. Immunohistochemical analysis was conducted on tumor tissues of 9 patients with MET gene exon 14 skipping mutations to study the association between c-MET protein expression and this specific mutation type. RNA sequencing results， immunohistochemical staining data， and follow-up prognosis of lung cancer from the GEPIA2 database and TCGA database were comprehensively analyzed to explore the potential relationship between MET gene expression in tumor tissues and patient prognosis. ResultsAmong 1，627 tumor patients， 137 MET mutation patients were detected， including 93 males with an average age of （66.85±9.61） years and 44 females with an average age of （59.43±11.08） years. Lung cancer was the most common tumor type （117 cases）. MET gene expression was lower in breast cancer and glioblastoma multiforme， but higher in lung cancer and colorectal cancer as compared with the expression in normal tissues. Survival analysis showed that patients with high MET gene expression in lung adenocarcinoma had a shorter overall survival time than those with low expression. A total of 961 mutations were detected by next-generation sequencing， including 547 exon mutations and 374 intron mutations. MET gene amplification was found in 13 cases and gene fusion in 27 cases. The highest mutation frequency was in exon 2， followed by exon 5， exon 4， and exon 19. High-frequency variant types included c.2890C>A （p.L964M） on exon 4 and c.3028G>T （p.D1010Y） on exon 5. The c-MET protein expression was closely related to the type of gene mutation. Missense mutations often led to positive or strongly positive c-MET protein expression， while nonsense mutations often resulted in weak or absent c-MET protein expression. Among the 9 patients with MET gene exon 14 skipping mutations， the c-MET protein expression score was mostly 0 - 1， with only 1 case scoring 2. Among the 117 lung cancer patients， the incidence rate was higher in males than in females， and more common among stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ patients than among stage I-Ⅱ patients. Out of the 41 patients treated with surgery + targeted drugs （gutemitinib， savolitinib）， 8 cases of recurrence or metastasis were found during follow-up. ConclusionMET gene mutations exhibit specific mutation characteristics in different tumor types， and its expression levels show significant differences between various tumor tissues and normal tissues. It is closely related to the poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients. We found that c-MET protein expression is closely related to the type of MET gene mutation， especially in patients with MET gene exon 14 skipping mutations， which presents a characteristic expression pattern. This provides an important basis for the preliminary screening using immunohistochemistry in clinical practice.

Objective To explore the value of diffusion tensor imaging analysis index along the perivascular space(DTI-ALPS)for assessing age-related functional changes in glymphatic system(GS).Methods Totally 27 healthy subjects from Meizhou People's Hospital and 100 healthy subjects from neuroimaging informatics tools and resources collaborator database who underwent T1-weighted magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo(T1-MPRAGE)and DTI scanning were retrospectively enrolled and divided into youth group(n=38),middle-aged group(n=57)and elderly group(n=32).Automated DTI-ALPS index analysis procedure was used to minimize manual errors and derive DTI-ALPS index.The general data,neuropsychological assessment results and DTI-ALPS indices were compared among groups.Spearman correlation analysis was performed to observe the relationships of DTI-ALPS index and age,gender,as well as neuropsychological scores.Results The average age in youth group,middle-aged group and elderly group was(28.5±5.8),(53.7±6.8)and(73.8±2.3)years,respectively.No significant difference of DTI-ALPS index was found between middle-aged group and elderly group(P＞0.05),which were both lower than that in youth group(both P＜0.05).DTI-ALPS index was weakly negatively correlated with age(rs=-0.340,P＜0.001),but not significantly correlated with gender nor neuropsychological assessment results(both P＞0.05).Conclusion DTI-ALPS index was negatively correlated with age in healthy individuals,hence having potential utility for assessing age-related functional changes in GS.

Objective To addresses the challenges arising from the rapid expansion of pharmaceutical clinical trials and the growing demands for quality management,this paper investigates the application of low-code technology in project management.Its goals are to enhance the operational efficiency and execution capabilities of clinical trial institutions,ensure trial quality and safety,and accelerate the translation of pharmaceutical scientific achievements.Methods A brainstorming session was conducted to analyze the technical and functional requirements for managing pharmaceutical clinical trial projects.Utilizing the ＂template design＂ and ＂decision analysis＂ functionalities of low-code technology,the study adopted a modular and visually driven data management approach to develop a system compliant with Good Clinical Practice(GCP)standards.This system integrates key functionalities,including project progress management,funding management,drug inventory management,and quality control.Its effectiveness was evaluated through real-world operation and performance validation.Results The system had demonstrated stable operation with substantial improvements in practical application.Compared with conventional management approaches,it significantly enhanced project management efficiency:the time required for project schedule management was reduced by 80%,the efficiency of financial processing increased by 95%,drug inventory management efficiency improved by 75%,and the time spent on quality control was shortened by 60%.Conclusion The pharmaceutical clinical trial project management system developed using low-code technology offers substantial advantages and promising application potential.It represents a critical practice in applying digital and intelligent tools to advance pharmaceutical productivity in the medical and healthcare sectors.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a kind of common surgical complications, which can seriously affect the prognosis of patients. In recent years, research on POCD mechanism has attracted wide attention. In view of the importance of experimental animal models in mechanism research, this paper reviews the different POCD animal models and their potential pathogenic mechanisms, in order to clarify the characteristics and application of different POCD models. This study provides a reference for selection of experimental animal models in studying POCD mechanism.

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and postoperative radiotherapy remains an essential component of its treatment. In recent years, hypofractionated radiotherapy has gradually become the recommended approach for postoperative breast cancer treatment. Compared with conventional fractionated radiotherapy, hypofractionated regimens shorten the overall treatment duration, enhance patient convenience, and reduce treatment costs, while achieving comparable long-term efficacy and maintaining good quality of life. Based on relevant domestic and international studies and clinical experience, this consensus establishes expert recommendations regarding indications, prescribed doses, dose constraints for organs at risk (OAR), implementation methods, and plan evaluation for hypofractionated radiotherapy after breast cancer surgery, with a particular focus on moderately hypofractionated (MHF) and ultrahypofractionated (UHF) regimens. MHF radiotherapy is applicable to whole-breast irradiation, chest wall irradiation, and regional nodal irradiation, and is suitable for most breast cancer patients. UHF radiotherapy, which employs a higher dose per fraction to further shorten the treatment course, is suitable for patients requiring rapid therapy or prioritizing treatment convenience. Although the short-term efficacy of UHF radiotherapyis similar to that of MHF radiotherapy, its long-term efficacy and safety require further clinical validation. Meanwhile, potential adverse effects of UHF, such as breast induration and atrophy, should be carefully assessed. Therefore, radiotherapy dose and fractionation regimen should be individualized according to patient-specific factors, particularly considering OAR dose constraints. Rational selection of radiotherapy regimens can minimize adverse effects while maintaining therapeutic efficacy, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life. This consensus provides scientific guidance for the clinical and research application of hypofractionated radiotherapy in breast cancer.

Objective To understand the implementation of WS/T 508-2016 and the status of washing and disin-fection of medical textiles in China,and provide basis for the revision of the standard.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on the management of medical institutions and washing and disinfection workplace,building layout,personnel protection,equipment and supplies,washing and disinfection principles,and hygiene quality mo-nitoring of medical textiles in 323 medical institutions and 31 washing institutions in China.Meanwhile,microbio-logical index sampling was conducted on 234 pieces of medical textiles in 9 medical institutions and 8 washing insti-tutions in Hubei,Shanxi,Shanghai,and Sichuan Provinces before and after washing and disinfection.Results The awareness rates of WS/T 508-2016 among medical institutions and washing institutions were 96.90％and 96.77％,respectively,and the implementation rates were 94.12％and 96.77％,respectively.47.99％medical in-stitutions use purchasing services for washing and disinfecting medical textiles,and the higher the level of the medi-cal institution was,the higher the proportion of purchasing services was(x2=15.312,P＜0.001).85.16％medi-cal institutions have conducted risk assessments on service providers,and 52.99％were responsible for or participa-ted in pre-job training by the medical institution.Washing institutions were higher than medical institutions in terms of system soundness rate,pre-job training rate,proportion of quality management leaders and full-time(part-time)quality inspectors,setting rate of hand-washing facilities in zones,passages,isolation barriers,dressing(buffer)room,and toilets,configuration rate of hygiene isolation washing equipment,tunnel washing unit,washing equip-ment with heating functions,drying equipment and mechanical ventilation facilities,and specialty machine washing rate.Among 234 medical textiles specimens,11.97％were detected fungi,and the total fungal colonies in 5 clean textiles exceeded 100 CFU/100 cm2.Conclusion WS/T 508-2016 can further standardize the washing and disin-fection of medical textiles in China through strengthening institutional management,improving the supervision level of service providers,perfecting hardware facilities and layout,introducing new technologies,and increasing the mo-nitoring on fungi in clean textiles.

Objective To establish a risk prediction model of continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)withdrawal failure in patients with infectious shock complicating acute kidney injury(AKI)based on the decision tree algorithm,and to explore the influencing factors of CRRT withdrawal failure in patients with infectious shock complicating AKI.Methods 220 patients with infectious shock complicating AKI admitted to our hospital from May 2020 to May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,and divided into success group and failure group according to the success or failure of the withdrawal,univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to screen risk factors of CRRT withdrawal failure in patients with septic shock complicated with AKI,C-reactive protein/albumin(CRP/ALB)at admission and sepsis-related organ failure assessment(SOFA)score at withdrawal,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation(APACHE Ⅱ)score,N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)level at the beginning of CRRT,mean arterial pressure(MAP)grading,urine volume after withdrawal,and serum creatinine(Scr)level after withdrawal were taken into constructing a decision tree model and validating the model efficacy.Results In this study,there were 41.82％of patients failed to withdrawal.Combination of univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that SOFA score at withdrawal,APACHE Ⅱ scores,urine volume after withdrawal,Scr level after withdrawal,NT-proBNP at the beginning of CRRT,and MAP grading,CRP/ALB at the time of admission were an independent risk factor for CRRT withdrawal failure in patients with septic shock complicated with AKI(P＜0.05).The results showed that the higher CRP/ALB was the most important influencing factor on the failure of CRRT evacuation in patients with infectious shock complicating AKI,and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.965.Conclusion The decision tree model constructed by CRP/ALB at admission,SOFA score at withdrawal,urine volume after withdrawal,Scr level after withdrawal,APACHE Ⅱ score,and MAP grading has a better predictive efficacy of CRRT withdrawal failure in patients with infectious shock complicating AKI,which is a guideline for patients'prognostic assessment.