BackgroundRehabilitation for schizophrenia typically relies on pharmacological interventions， yet their efficacy in improving social function and quality of life remains limited. In recent years， non-pharmacological approaches have shown promise in enhancing rehabilitation outcomes. However， research on the effectiveness of psychomotor therapy specifically for young and middle-aged schizophrenic inpatients is limited. ObjectiveTo explore the effects of psychomotor therapy on the rehabilitation of young and middle-aged schizophrenic inpatients， and to provide a reference for treatment strategies. MethodsA total of 104 young and middle-aged schizophrenic inpatients who met the International Classification of Diseases，tenth edition （ICD-10） diagnostic criteria and hospitalized in the Fourth People's Hospital of Wuhu from June 2021 to June 2022 were selected. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 52 each using random number table method. Both groups received treatment with risperidone tablets （2~4 mg/d） ， along with routine nursing care. Additionally， the research group received an extra 45~55 minutes of psychomotor therapy 2~3 times per week for 12 weeks. The control group received the same psychomotor therapy after the study. Positive and Negative Symptom Scale （PANSS）， Scales of Social-skills for Psychiatric Inpatient （SSPI） and Insight and Treatment Attitude Questionnaire （ITAQ） were used to assess the patients before the intervention and at 4^th， 8^th and 12^th week after the intervention. ResultsThe main effects of intervention at different time points for PANSS positive symptoms， negative symptoms and general psychopathology subscale scores， PANSS total score， SSPI score and ITAQ score were all statistically significant （F=33.989， 204.245， 82.817， 279.596， 26.144， 7.463， P<0.01）. Furthermore， statistically significant between-group differences were observed in PANSS negative symptoms and general psychopathology subscale scores， PANSS total score， SSPI score and ITAQ score （F=30.053， 5.306， 33.417， 33.013， 18.608， P<0.05 or 0.01）. Moreover， the interaction effect of time and group were statistically significant for PANSS positive symptoms， negative symptoms and general psychopathology subscale score， PANSS total score and SSPI score （F=3.472， 9.798， 3.843， 14.390， 20.661， P<0.05 or 0.01）. After 12 weeks of intervention， the research group exhibited statistically significantly lower PANSS total score and subscale scores compared with baseline （P<0.01）， while their SSPI total score was significantly higher than that of control group（P<0.01）. Additionally， compared with the control group， the research group had statistically significantly lower PANSS total score and subscale scores ， while their SSPI score was statistically significantly higher than those of control group（P<0.01）. ConclusionPsychomotor therapy may contribute to the improvement of the psychiatric symptoms and social function in young and middle-aged inpatients with schizophrenia， enhancing their rehabilitation outcomes. ［Funded by Health Commission Scientific Research Project of Wuhu （number， WHWJ2021y073）］

Objective:To describe the characteristics, etiology and patterns of outpatients and inpatients patients with moderate or severe valvular heart disease (VHD).Methods:This is a cross-sectional study. Outpatients and inpatients with moderate or severe VHD who underwent transthoracic echocardiography for first examination from 1 st January 2001 to 1 st January 2020 in Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University were enrolled. Data were collected from medical records and big data platform of Southwest Hospital. Characteristics of age and gender, etiology and types of VHD were descriptively analysed. Results:A total of 68 354 patients with moderate or severe VHD were enrolled. The age was 63 (50, 72) years. And 35 706 (52.24%) patients were female. (1) Age characteristics: There was similar age trend between male and female patients with moderate or severe VHD. The number of patients increased firstly and then decreased and reached its peak in the age group of 65-69 years old. The peak age of mitral stenosis patients was 45-49 years, which was earlier than that of whole patients with moderate or severe VHD. The median age of patients with bicuspid aortic valve was 42 years. (2) Gender characteristics: The proportion of tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary regurgitation, mitral regurgitation, mitral stenosis and valve surgery in female patients with moderate or severe VHD were higher than those in male patients. The proportion of aortic regurgitation, aortic stenosis and bicuspid aortic valve in male patients with moderate or severe VHD were significantly higher than those in female patients (all P<0.05). (3) Etiology: The proportion of rheumatic VHD was 13.07% (8 934/68 354), which was higher than that of degenerative VHD (0.67% (458/68 354)). (4) Types of VHD: Tricuspid regurgitation made contribution to the largest proportion with 60.72% (41 503/68 354), followed by mitral regurgitation, aortic regurgitation, mitral stenosis, pulmonary regurgitation and aortic stenosis. Conclusions:There are certain regional characteristics in the prevalence of moderate or severe VHD in southwest China, suggesting different attention should be paid on the whole process of refined management of moderate or severe VHD.

Heart failure(HF)has complex pathophysiological mechanisms and is associated with high mortality and readmission rates.As the terminal manifestation of cardiovascular disease and the main cause of death,HF remains a critical focus in the medical community.Despite advances in standardized treatment through western medicine,many patients remain at high risk for cardiovascular events.Shenfu Qiangxin pill,a traditional Chinese patent medicine,has shown promising results in recent years regarding its mechanisms and clinical applications for HF treatment.This article elaborates on the latest research trends of Shenfu Qiangxin pill in the treatment of HF,examining its composition,efficacy,and mechanisms from both traditional Chinese and western medical perspectives.It also explores its clinical applications and safety,highlighting its potential and prospects in HF treatment and providing a theoretical basis for clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and molecular features of Cryptosporidium in captive-bred Mustela putorius furo in Jiangsu Province.. Methods A total of 290 fresh stool samples were collected from a ferret farm in Jiangsu Province on May 2017, and the small subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA) gene of Cryptosporidium was amplified in stool samples using nested PCR assay. The actin, cowp and gp60 genes were amplified in positive samples and sequenced to characterize Cryptosporidium species/genotypes. Results A total of 18 stool samples were tested positive for Cryptosporidium SSU rRNA gene, with a detection rate of 6.2%. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of SSU rRNA, actin and cowp genes characterized Cryptosporidium isolated from captive-bred ferrets as Cryptosporidium sp. ferret genotype. In addition, gp60 gene was amplified in 10 out of 18 stool samples tested positive for Cryptosporidium. Conclusions Cryptosporidium is widely prevalent in captive-bred ferrets in Jiangsu Province, and Cryptosporidium sp. ferret genotype is the only Cryptosporidium genotype in ferrets.

Humans ; Hypertension ; Atherosclerosis ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Risk Factors

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Wudan pill on the polarization of macrophages in the rat model of endometriosis （EMT） with cold congeal and blood stasis syndrome based on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases （p38 MAPK）. MethodFemale SD rats with regular motility cycles were selected and randomly divided into sham-operated group， model group， Wudan pill high， medium， and low-dose groups （2.4， 1.2， and 0.6 g⋅kg^-1）， Chinese patent medicine group， and western medicine group by the random number table method. The method of ice water bath + autologous endometrial transplantation was used to establish the rat model of EMT with cold congeal and blood stasis， and the rats were executed after 4 weeks of continuous drug administration to collect materials. Expression levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， IL-4， and transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β） were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） to assess inflammation. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was performed to determine the inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）， TNF-α， arginase 1 （Arg1）， and human mannose receptor （CD206） transcriptional levels to evaluate macrophage polarization. Western blot （WB） and immunofluorescence （IF） assays were used to determine the protein expression levels of iNOS and Arg1 to corroborate macrophage polarization. WB and Real-time PCR were used to determine the protein expression levels of the p38 MAPK pathway. ResultAs compared with sham-operated group， the levels of serum TNF-α， IL-1β， TGF-β， and IL-4 of rats in the model group were significantly higher （P<0.05）. In the model group， the protein levels of iNOS， TNF-α， p-p38 MAPK， and phosphorylated-extracellular signal-regulated kinase （p-ERK） in endothelial tissues were significantly higher， the mRNA levels of iNOS， TNF-α， MAPK， and ERK were significantly higher， and the mRNA and protein expression levels of Arg1 and CD206 were significantly lower （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The number of iNOS positive cells in endothelial tissues was significantly increased， and the number of Arg1 positive cells in endothelial tissues in the model group was significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. As compared with the model group， the expression of TNF-α， IL-1β， TGF-β， and IL-4 in each administration group was reduced to different degrees， which was especially significant in the Wudan pill high and medium-dose groups and the western medicine group （P<0.05）. The protein expression levels of iNOS， TNF-α， p-p38 MAPK， and p-ERK in endometrial tissues of rats in the Wudan pill high and medium-dose groups， the Chinese patent medicine group， and the western medicine group were significantly lower， the mRNA expression levels of iNOS， TNF-α， MAPK， and ERK were significantly lower， and the protein expression levels of Arg1 and CD206 were significantly higher （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The number of iNOS positive cells in endometrial tissues of rats was significantly decreased in the Wudan pill high and medium-dose groups， the Chinese patent medicine group， and the western medicine group， whereas the number of Arg1 positive cells was increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The low， medium， and high doses of Wudan pill were dose-dependent， and the efficacy of the Wudan pill high-dose group was similar to that of the western medicine group. ConclusionWudan pill reduces the inflammatory response in rat model of EMT with cold congeal and blood stasis syndrome and decreases expression levels of TNF-α， IL-1β， IL-4， and TGF-β， thereby prompting polarization of macrophages from M1 to M2 type. The mechanism is presumedly related to p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

Objective    To investigate the effectiveness and safety of totally endoscopic transmitral myectomy (TETM) for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), comparing with traditional sternotomy modified Morrow procedure (SMMP). Methods    Thirty-eight patients with HOCM who needed surgical intervention were selected from our hospital in 2019, including 14 males and 24 females, with an average age of 56 (44-68) years. According to the operation method, they were divided into a TETM group (n=18) and a SMMP group (n=20). Appropriate patients  were screened by propensity matching scores. Finally, the clinical data of two matched groups were compared and

In order to ensure the normal teaching order during the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic, the second semester of the 2019-2020 academic year in Central South University was devoted to the online teaching. In response to the school's call, the diagnostics teaching team has applied the Tencent classroom software, WeChat mini programs, analog teaching software and digital curriculum platform to carry out online teaching activities. On the basis of summarizing the previous online teaching experience, we have made a preliminary discussion and reflection on the online teaching, which will provide ideas and directions for the reform of medical education.

Objective To explore the clinical diagnostic value of bedside lung ultrasound in emergency (BLUE) for patients with postoperative hypoxemia in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods Fifty patients with hypoxemia after ICU surgery postoperation were enrolled in Beijing China-Japan Friendship Hospital from April 2017 to October 2018, the chest X-ray, BLUE and chest CT examinations were performed at the same time, and the diagnostic result of chest CT was the gold standard. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy rate of the 3 methods in the diagnosis of hypoxemia were statistically analyzed, and the results of diagnostic consistency of 3 methods were compared. Results The chest CT findings showed there were 40 cases with different degrees of pneumothorax, pleural effusion, pulmonary consolidation and atelectasis in 50 patients. When the chest X ray was used to diagnose hypoxemia as the pathogenesis, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy rate were 32.5%, 60.0%, 76.47%, 18.18% and 38.0% respectively; the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy rate of BLUE were 80.0%, 70.0%, 91.43%, 46.67% and 78.0% respectively. The consistency test showed that the chest X-ray diagnosis rate of postoperation hypoxemia as the cause was significantly lower than that of chest CT (Kappa = 0.091, P = 0.047) and BLUE (Kappa =0.107, P = 0.031). The consistancy was relatively good when the diagnosis rate of postoperation hypoxemia obtained from BLUE regimen was compared with that obtained from chest CT (Kappa = 0.634, P = 0.000). Conclusion The use of BLUE for diagnosis of hypoxemia being the pathogenesis of the postoperative patients in ICU is superior to the use of routine chest X ray, and compared with applying chest CT, BLUE is faster, more convenient and worthy to be clinically applied widely.

The heart and kidney damage is a clinical disease commonly seen, the 2 organs can interact with each other as cause and effect, leading to a series of clinical symptoms which is the cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). In 2008, according to the connection between the heart and kidney, the nephrologists Ronco, etc, completed the definition and classification of CRS, including type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ of CRS being acute cardiorenal syndrome (ACRS). ACRS refers to the fact that when the damage of heart or kidney dysfunction influences each other leading to a clinical syndrome caused by a sharp deterioration of cardiorenal function. At present, no definite diagnostic criteria for ACRS have yet been made. The pathogenesis of ACRS may be related to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), nitric oxide-reactive oxygen species (NO-ROS) system, inflammatory reaction, the excessive activation of sympathetic nervous system and so on. Clinically, about 50% of ACRS patients are accompanied by acute decompensated cardiorenal dysfunction or failure, that seriously impact on the patients' clinical prognosis and survival rate, so it is necessary to find an effective therapeutic regimen. At present, the treatments of ACRS have mainly the diuretic, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), angiotensin receptor inhibitor (ARB), β-receptor blocker, positive inotropic drugs, recombinant human erythropoietin, recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide, continuous blood purification (CBP) etc, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) also has a certain effect for improving the clinical symptoms of ACRS patients. Now the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and combined treatment of TCM and western medicine for treatment of ACRS are summarized.