OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of endoscopic-assisted median nerve decompression with one-stage extensor indicis proprius (EIP) tendon transfer for reconstruction of thumb abduction in patients with severe carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). METHODS: The clinical data of 12 patients with severe CTS who met the selection criteria between December 2019 and December 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 2 males and 10 females with an average age of 55.4 years ranging from 35 to 67 years. The symptom duration of CTS was 12-120 months (mean, 48.7 months) and the thenar muscle atrophy duration was 6-48 months (mean, 13.4 months). The median nerve was released with the help of endoscope, and the EIP tendon was transferred to reconstruct the abduction function of the thumb. The operation time and complications were recorded. Two-point discrimination, palmar abduction angle of the thumb, radial abduction angle of the thumb, and pinch force of the thumb were measured and compared before operation and at last follow-up, and the effectiveness was evaluated by Kapandji score and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score. The satisfaction of the operation was evaluated at last follow-up. RESULTS: All surgeries were successfully completed with a mean operation time of 54 minutes (range, 45-68 minutes). All patients were followed up 6-50 months, with an average of 15.3 months. There was no complications such as wound infection, scar pain of wrist, or tendon rupture of transposition, and there were 3 cases of mild limitation of finger extension in the donor site of index finger. At last follow-up, two-point discrimination, palmar abduction angle of the thumb, radial abduction angle of the thumb, Kapandji score, and DASH score were significantly better than those before operation ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in thumb pinch force between pre- and post-operation ( P>0.05). The evaluation of surgical satisfaction showed that 7 cases were very satisfied and 5 cases were satisfied. CONCLUSION The combination of endoscopic-assisted median nerve decompression and one-stage EIP tendon transfer effectively improves hand function and quality of life in patients with severe CTS by restoring thumb abduction and alleviating neurological symptoms.
Humans ; Tendon Transfer/methods* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/physiopathology* ; Female ; Decompression, Surgical/methods* ; Aged ; Adult ; Thumb/physiopathology* ; Endoscopy/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Median Nerve/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods*

In this paper, the technical basis and latest progress of X-ray tube for CT systems are introduced, with emphasis on material innovation, superconducting technology, liquid metal bearing, low dose scanning and electron beam filtration. As the core component of CT equipment, the technological innovation of CT X-ray tubes significantly improves image quality, reduces radiation dose, improves efficiency, and extends the service life of the X-ray tubes. Domestic and foreign manufacturers have made remarkable progress in the field of CT X-ray tubes. Domestic manufacturers, such as the 12th Institute of CLP, have made important progress in the development of CT X-ray tubes, and successfully achieved independent research and development of high-end CT X-ray tubes. Foreign manufacturers such as Siemens, GE, Philips and other manufacturers continue to innovate in liquid metal bearings, superconducting technology, new targets and other aspects to maintain technology leadership. In the future, CT X-ray tubes will develop in the direction of personalization, intelligence, long life, miniaturization and portability, providing more accurate and low-risk technical support for medical image diagnosis.
Tomography, X-Ray Computed/instrumentation* ; Equipment Design

Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration. With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), tools such as intraoral scanning, facial scanning, 3D printing, and numerical control machining are reshaping the workflow of complete denture restoration. Unlike conventional methods that rely heavily on clinical experience and manual techniques, digital technologies offer greater precision, predictability, and efficacy. They also streamline the process by reducing the number of patient visits and improving overall comfort. Despite these improvements, the clinical application of digital complete denture restoration still faces challenges that require further standardization. The major issues include appropriate case selection, establishing consistent digital workflows, and evaluating long-term outcomes. To address these challenges and provide clinical guidance for practitioners, this expert consensus outlines the principles, advantages, and limitations of digital complete denture technology. The aim of this review was to offer practical recommendations on indications, clinical procedures and precautions, evaluation metrics, and outcome assessment to support digital restoration of complete denture in clinical practice.
Humans ; Denture, Complete ; Computer-Aided Design ; Denture Design/methods* ; Consensus ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

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Objective:To investigate the application effect of case-based learning (CBL) based on the clinical case library of stomatology in standardized residency training for comprehensive stomatology.Methods:A total of 52 residents in Department of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, were given CBL teaching based on the clinical case library of comprehensive stomatology, and a questionnaire survey was performed to evaluate the teaching effect. Theoretical and skill assessments were performed before and after CBL teaching, and a comparative analysis was performed. SPSS 19.0 software was used for the t-test. Results:The questionnaire survey showed that CBL teaching based on the clinical case library of stomatology effectively improved the ability of independent learning [92.31% (48/52)], the interest in learning [88.46% (46/52)], and the ability for case diagnosis and the accuracy of investigation and judgment [94.23% (49/52)]. This method helped with the mastery and understanding of the theoretical knowledge in stomatology [96.15% (50/52)] and improved the abilities for expression and communication [84.62% (44/52)] and the ability to find and solve problems [94.23% (49/52)]. It also helped to stimulate the interest in scientific research and teaching [82.69% (43/52)] and create an active classroom atmosphere [82.69% (43/52)]. Among these residents, 94.23% (49/52) liked CBL teaching, and 88.64% (46/52) thought the setting of the case library was reasonable. After the application of CBL teaching, there were significant increases in theoretical score [from (66.74±4.25) points to (81.44±7.16) points] and skill examination score [from (64.00±3.14) points to (81.96±7.50) points].Conclusions:CBL teaching based on the case library of stomatology has a good teaching effect in the standardized residency training for comprehensive stomatology and can not only improve the theoretical and skill assessments of residents, but also improve their learning interest and clinical thinking ability.

Anterior diastema is a common esthetic defect in China.The general treatment for a patient with diastema-ta,including orthodontics and direct and indirect restorations,is a multidisciplinary clinical procedure covering the ortho-dontics,operative dentistry,general dentistry,and prosthodontics department.Given the diversity of departments and the complex etiology of this defect,decision-making regarding the closing methods and time selection is undefined and unin-tegrated,which makes the long-term stability of closure unpredictable.This article proposed an etiology-based decision tree with actual measurement of diastemata width for diastemata closure.The decisional steps include classifying the eti-ological factors based on patients'medical history and clinical manifestation to evaluate the stability of diastemata.After maintaining the stability of diastemata,contemporary and multidisciplinary treatment plans were selected in accordance with the measured width of diastemata and patients'cosmetic psychology,economics,and available time.These decision trees focus on the challenges of collaboration among dental departments,propose an objective and efficient ways for con-nections,and promote efficient and effective diastemata closure.

Objective:To explore the application effect of Wenyang Jiangu Bao combined with Baduanjin in osteoporosis (OP) patients with kidney-yang deficiency.Methods:A total of 100 OP patients with kidney-yang deficiency who were initially hospitalized in Traumatology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to May 2022 were selected by the convenient sampling method and they were randomly divided into the routine group, the packet group, Baduanjin group and the combined the Baduanjin group was treated with Baduanjin exercise on the basis of routine group, and the combined group was treated with Wenyang Jiangu Bao and Baduanjin combination measures on the basis of routine group. The intervention time was 12 weeks. The clinical curative effects, TCM syndrome score, lumbar bone density, the MOS Item Short from Health Survey (SF-36) score and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score of all groups before and after intervention were compared.Results:After intervention, the clinical curative effects of the combined group was better than that of the routine group and Baduanjin group, VAS score and TCM syndrome score were lower than those of other 3 groups, lumbar bone density and SF-36 score were higher than those of other 3 groups, and the differences were all statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Wenyang Jiangu Bao combined with simplified Baduanjin in treatment of osteoporosis patients with kidney-yang deficiency has a good clinical effect, which can improve the symptoms of lumbar pain and leg pain and traditional Chinese medicine symptoms of osteoporosis patients, increase the lumbar bone density of patients and improve the quality of life of them.

Plant-derived nanovesicles have gained attention given their similarity to mammalian exosomes and advantages such as low cost, sustainability, and tissue targeting. Thus, they hold promise for disease treatment and drug delivery. In this study, we proposed a time-efficient method, PEG 8000 combined with sucrose density gradient centrifugation to prepare ginger-derived nanovesicles (GDNVs). Subsequently, curcumin (CUR) was loaded onto GDNV by ultrasonic incubation. The optimum conditions for ginger-derived nanovesicles loaded with curcumin (CG) were ultrasound time of 3 min, a carrier-to-drug ratio (GDNV:CUR) of 1:1. The study achieved a high loading capacity (94.027% ± 0.094%) and encapsulation efficiency (89.300% ± 0.344%). Finally, the drugs' in vivo distribution and anti-colitis activity were investigated in mice. CG was primarily distributed in the colon after oral administration. Compared to CUR and GDNV, CG was superior in improving disease activity, colon length, liver and spleen coefficients, myeloperoxidase activity, and biochemical factor levels in ulcerative colitis (UC) mice. In addition, CG plays a protective role against UC by modulating serum metabolite levels and gut flora. In summary, our study demonstrated that GDNV can be used for CUR delivery with enhanced therapeutic potential.

Exhaled ammonia(NH3)is an essential noninvasive biomarker for disease diagnosis.In this study,an acetone-modifier positive photoionization ion mobility spectrometry(AM-PIMS)method was developed for accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis of exhaled NH3 with high selectivity and sensitivity.Acetone was introduced into the drift tube along with the drift gas as a modifier,and the characteristic NH3 product ion peak of(C3H6O)4NH4+(K0=1.45 cm2/V·s)was obtained through the ion-molecule reaction with acetone reactant ions(C3H6O)2H+(K0=1.87 cm2/V·s),which significantly increased the peak-to-peak resolution and improved the accuracy of exhaled NH3 qualitative identification.Moreover,the interference of high humidity and the memory effect of NH3 molecules were significantly reduced via online dilution and purging sampling,thus realizing breath-by-breath measurement.As a result,a wide quantitative range of 5.87-140.92 μmol/L with a response time of 40 ms was achieved,and the exhaled NH3 profile could be synchronized with the concentration curve of exhaled CO2.Finally,the analytical capacity of AM-PIMS was demonstrated by measuring the exhaled NH3 of healthy subjects,demon-strating its great potential for clinical disease diagnosis.