OBJECTIVE To analyze the safety and efficacy of vonoprazan （VPZ） in the treatment of peptic ulcer （PU） and post-endoscopic submucosal dissection （ESD） ulcers， providing evidence-based pharmaceutical evidence for clinical practice and medical decision-making. METHODS Retrieved from CNKI， Wanfang， VIP， CBM， PubMed， Embase， Web of Science， and the Cochrane Library， meta-analyses/systematic reviews related to VPZ in the treatment of PU and post-ESD ulcers were collected. Two researchers independently performed literature screening， data extraction， quality assessment of included studies， and evaluation of literature overlap. By employing the umbrella review analysis， a fresh meta-analysis was conducted on all relevant raw research data when a high degree of overlap was identified among the included studies. RESULTS A total of 17 meta-analyses were included， with quality ranging from high to very low； all outcome measures involved showed a very high level of overlap in the included meta-analyses （corrected covered area： 22.22%-100%）. In the treatment of post-ESD ulcers， compared to proton pump inhibitor （PPI）， VPZ significantly improved the ulcer healing rate at 4 weeks post-ESD [RR＝1.27， 95%CI （1.03， 1.56）， Z＝2.21， P＝ 0.027] and the ulcer contraction rate post-ESD [MD＝0.08， 95%CI （0.00， 0.16）， Z＝2.09， P＝0.037]， while significantly reducing the ulcer recurrence rate in patients with a history of PU [RR＝0.49， 95%CI （0.32， 0.73）， Z＝3.49， P＝0.001]； the delayed bleeding rate in the VPZ group was significantly lower than that in the lansoprazole subgroup [RR＝0.47， 95%CI （0.25， 0.90）， Z＝2.28， P＝0.02]. In the treatment of PU， the incidence of adverse events with VPZ was significantly higher than that with PPI in the duodenal ulcer subgroup [RR＝1.13， 95%CI （1.02， 1.26）， Z＝2.38， P＝0.017]. CONCLUSIONS For post-ESD ulcers， VPZ demonstrates superior therapeutic efficacy compared to PPI and can reduce ulcer recurrence rates in patients with a history of PU. However， it does not offer advantages in terms of safety for duodenal ulcer treatment.

Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is the mainstay for treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the performance of the embolization material is crucial in TAE. With the development of medical imaging and the birth of "X-ray-free" technologies, we designed a new dual-mode imaging material of dimethoxy tetraphenyl ethylene (DMTPE) via emulsification by mixing poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (PNA) with lipiodol and fluorocarbons, which was evaluated for temperature sensitivity, stability, and dual-mode visualization in vitro. Additionally, blood vessel casting embolization and renal artery imaging were assessed in healthy rabbits. In a rabbit model with a VX2 tumor, the effectiveness of TAE for treating HCC was examined, with an emphasis on evaluating long-term outcomes of embolization and its effects on tumor growth, necrosis, and proliferation through imaging techniques. In vitro experiments confirmed that the temperature-sensitive dual-oil-phase Pickering emulsion had good flow, stable contrast, and embolism when the oil-to-oil ratio and water-to-oil ratio were both 7:3 ( v/v) and stabilized with 8% PNA. Similarly, in vivo, arterial embolization confirmed the excellent properties of DMTPE prepared at the abovementioned ratios. It was observed that DMTPE not only has an antitumor effect but can also achieve dual imaging using X-rays and ultrasound, making it a promising excellent vascular embolization material for TAE in tumor treatment.

Background Depressive moods among occupational population are prevalent, which seriously affect their mental-physical health and socioeconomic productivity. This has become an urgent public health concern. Objective To understand current situation of depressive mood among an occupational population aged 18 to 60 covering 120 cities of China, and to explore the relationship between work-family conflict and depressive mood as well as the role of life stress in the relationship, as to provide a scientific basis for developing measures to reduce depressive mood in the occupational population. Methods Using the data of the Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents in 2021, an occupational population aged 18 to 60 years was selected as study subjects. A total of 3785 subjects were included in the study. The Work-Family Conflict Scale, Subjective Life Stress Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire-Depression Scale were used to assess the work-family conflict, life stress, and depressive mood of the subjects. Harman's single-factor method was used to evaluate common method bias in the survey data. One-way ANOVA was applied to test the difference in work-family conflict, life stress, and depressive mood among occupational population by demographic characteristics, and chi-square test was used to analyze the difference in reporting depressive mood. Partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between selected variables. Process plug-in was used to test potential mediating effect of life stress on work-family conflict and depressive emotion. Results The scores of work-family conflict, life stress, and depressive mood among the occupational population were 24.60±8.28, 9.28±3.78, and 5.43±5.30, respectively. The prevalence rates of depressive mood was 48.7% (1888/3875). The score of depressive mood among occupational population who never smoked was significantly higher than that of those who smoked (P<0.01). The partial correlation analysis showed that work-family conflict and life stress were positively correlated with depressive mood (r=0.472 and 0.447, P<0.001); work-family conflict was positively correlated with life stress (r=0.361, P<0.001). The mediation analysis results showed that work-family conflict positively associated with life stress (b=0.361, P<0.001); life stress positively associated with depressive mood (b=0.318, P<0.001); work-family conflict positively associated with depressive mood (b=0.357, P<0.001), and played a partial mediating role in the relationship between work-family conflict and depressive mood with an effect size of 0.115 (95%CI: 0.099, 0.130) that accounted for 24.36% of the total effect. Conclusion Work-family conflict may not only directly affect depressive mood among occupational population, but also indirectly affect depressive mood through a mediating effect of life stress.

Objective To analyze the status of persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the distribution of viral subtypes in the Zhengzhou region. Methods Clinical data of 55239 patients who underwent HPV-DNA genotyping tests from 2018 to 2024 were collected. On the basis of HPV follow-up results, patients were divided into three groups: 849 cases of infection with the same HPV type, 255 cases of persistent infection with different HPV types, and 857 cases of transient HPV infection. Results Among the 9232 initially-screened patients who were positive with HPV, the high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) positive rate was 84.6% (7813/9232), and predominant subtypes were HPV-16 (20.8%), HPV-52 (17.2%), and HPV-53 (9.6%). The low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) positive rate was 15.4% (1419/9232), mainly HPV-81 (28.1%) and HPV-42 (27.0%). Among the 1961 follow-up cases, the rates of persistent and non-persistent infections with the same HPV type were 35.7% (701/1961) and 7.5% (148/1961), respectively. The rates of persistent and non-persistent infections with different HPV types were 10.9% (214/1961) and 2.1% (41/1961), respectively. Meanwhile, 43.7% (857/1961) tested negative upon follow-up. Among the 701 cases of persistent infection with the same HPV type, HR-HPV accounted for 85.7% (601/701), and LR-HPV accounted for 14.3% (100/701). Among the 214 cases of persistent infection with different HPV types, 89.7% (192/214) were high-risk transitions, and 10.3% (22/214) were low-risk transitions. Regardless of HPV types, HR-HPV was more likely to cause persistent infection than LR-HPV. In addition, over 60% of HR-HPV persistent infections resolved within 18 months, 30% developed into persistent infections, and only 15% of patients had persistent infections that last more than 24 months. Conclusion Persistent HPV infections are predominantly high-risk types. Most patients clear the infection within 18 months, approximately 30% develop persistent infections, and about 15% of patients have persistent infections that last more than 24 months. However, the HR-HPV persistent infection rates across different age groups slightly differ.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), characterized by fatty acid overload, secondary chronic inflammation, and fibrosis, has become the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally. While no effective pharmacotherapy exists for MAFLD, mitigating inflammatory responses represents a promising approach to preventing the progression from steatosis to severe steatohepatitis. The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, which detects endogenous danger and stress signals, has emerged as a significant target for inflammatory disease treatment, as transcriptional inactivation of its components demonstrates the therapeutic potential for MAFLD. Natural products targeting NLRP3 inflammasome activation have shown promising efficacy in MAFLD therapy. This review synthesizes the current understanding of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and therapeutic targets for NLRP3 homeostasis. Additionally, natural products reported to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome for MAFLD improvement are categorized according to their mechanisms of action. The review also addresses limitations and future directions regarding natural products targeting NLRP3 inflammasome in MAFLD treatment. Enhanced understanding of NLRP3 inflammasome activation mechanisms in MAFLD and the identification of novel natural products supported by mechanistic research will significantly advance MAFLD treatment.
Humans ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/immunology* ; Inflammasomes/metabolism* ; Biological Products/therapeutic use* ; Animals ; Fatty Liver/immunology*

Background Psychological disturbances such as work-family conflict and depressive mood are prevalent among occupational groups and are closely related to eating behavior. Therefore, investigating the influencing factors of eating behavior is of great significance for promoting the health behaviors of occupational populations. Objective To clarify the current situation of eating behavior among the occupational populations aged 18 to 60 years in China, and to explore the relationship between work-family conflict, depressive mood, and eating behavior, and to test the mediating role of depressive mood in the relationship. Methods The study used a data set containing occupational populations aged 18 to 60 years extracted from the 2021 Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents. The Work-Family Conflict Scale, the Chinese version of the Sakata Eating Behavior Scale Short Form, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-Depression Scale were used. Potential influencing factors of eating behavior of the occupational populations were evaluated by multiple linear regression. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationships between work-family conflict, depressive mood, and eating behavior, and the Bootstrap method was used to test the mediating effect of depressive mood on the relationship of work-family conflict and eating behavior. Results Among the occupational populations, the proportion of reporting high work-family conflict was 48.4%, and the proportion of reporting mild depression and above was 48.7%. The total score of eating behavior was (16.16±4.64), and the proportion of high abnormal eating behavior tendency was 39.1%. There were significant differences in eating behavior score among different age, educational level, marital status, number of offspring, occupation, smoking, and drinking groups (P<0.05). The partial correlation analysis showed that work-family conflict and depressive mood were positively correlated with abnormal eating behavior (r=0.367, 0.386, P<0.001); work-family conflict was positively correlated with depressive mood (r=0.466, P<0.001). The results of the multiple linear regression showed that depressive mood, work-family conflict, age, smoking, drinking, and education level were associated with eating behavior (P<0.05). The structural equation modeling indicated that work-family conflict positively associated with depressive mood (b=0.529, P<0.001), depressive mood positively associated with abnormal eating behavior (b=0.292, P<0.001), and work-family conflict positively associated with abnormal eating behavior (b=0.270, P<0.001). Depressive mood played a partial mediating role in the relationship between work-family conflict and eating behavior, and the effect value was 0.154 (95%CI: 0.132, 0.179) that accounted for 36.32% of the total effect. Conclusion Work-family conflict could directly affect the eating behavior among occupational populations, and also indirectly affect eating behavior through a mediating effect of depressive mood. Therefore, optimizing the allocation of tasks between work and family, providing psychological support in need, alleviating work-family conflict and depressive mood may improve the eating behavior and mental health of working populations.

Background Job burnout has become an important factor affecting the mental and physical health and work efficiency of college counselors, and indirectly affects the quality and development of talent cultivation for college students. Objective To explore the relationship between job stress, job crafting, and job burnout among college counselors, and to test the mediating role of job crafting between job stress and job burnout, in order to take targeted measures to alleviate job stress and job burnout of college counselors, reduce associated health risks, and improve the effectiveness of higher education. Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 400 counselors from social network communication groups by convenience sampling. The Counselor Work Stress Scale, Job Crafting Scale, and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey were used. Harman's single-factor method was used to evaluate common method bias in the survey data. One-way ANOVA was applied to test the difference in job stress, job crafting, and job burnout among college counselors by demographic characteristics, and chi-square test was used to analyze the difference in reporting job burnout. Partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between selected variables. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationship of job stress, job crafting, and job burnout among college counselors, and Bootstrap analysis was used to test if there was a mediating effect of job crafting on the relationship between job stress and job burnout. Results Of the 390 questionnaires recovered, there were 338 valid questionnaires (86.67%). Among the included subjects, the mean scores of job stress, job crafting, and job burnout were (2.70±0.62), (3.77±0.62), and (2.09±1.09), respectively. The positive rate of job burnout was 76.9% (260/338), with a positive rate of 72.8% in exhaustion dimension and 59.8% in cynicism dimension. There were significant differences in job crafting scores among the college counselors by different genders and professional titles (P<0.05). Female counselors had significantly higher job burnout scores and positive rates than male counselors (P<0.05). The partial correlation analysis showed that job stress, work load, school evaluation and expectation, and interpersonal relationship were positively correlated with job burnout (r=0.562, 0.442, 0.473, and 0.455, respectively, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with job crafting (r=−0.271, −0.169, −0.246, and −0.247, respectively, P<0.01); job crafting, cognitive crafting, relationship crafting, and task crafting were negatively correlated with job burnout (r=−0.447, −0.452, −0.366, and −0.340, respectively, P<0.01). The modified structural equation modeling indicated that job stress negatively affected job crafting (b=−0.348, P<0.001) and positively affected job burnout (b=0.454, P<0.001); job crafting negatively affected job burnout (b=−0.459, P<0.001), and played a partial mediating role in the relationship between job stress and job burnout, and the effect value was 0.160 (95%CI: 0.102, 0.230) that accounted for 26.10% of the total effect. Conclusion Job burnout among the college counselors is prominent. Job crafting presents an inhibitory effect on job burnout. Job stress indirectly affects the occurrence of job burnout by inhibiting the generation of job crafting.

Objective To establish a scientific training program that takes into account both anaerobic and aerobic training for pilots,and to explore the appropriate ratio of aerobic and anaerobic training.Methods According to the physical examination standards for pilots,a total of 16 healthy subjects aged 18-24 were selected from two batches.The two batches of subjects were trained with different aerobic and anaerobic ratios.Training period was 3 months.The changes in cardiopulmonary function of the subjects before and after training were evaluated using the cardiopulmonary function exercise testing system(CPET),and the changes in anaerobic capacity were evaluated using changes in strength as an indicator.Results After training,the weight load of the subjects in the two training programs,including barbell squats,leg flexion and hard pull,and barbell under 10RM and 3RM,was significantly increased(P<0.001),and there was no statistically significant difference in anaerobic strength growth between the two groups.The results of CPET showed that the maximum load,maximum heart rate,and respiratory quotient in the two groups were significantly increased after than before the training(P<0.01).The maximum load(Experiment group 1:29.12±19.69,Experiment group 2:72.00±46.24)and respiratory quotient(Experiment grouop 1:0.11±0.09,Experiment group 2:0.28±0.16)of the subjects in experiment group 2 before and after training were greater than those in experiment group 1.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The anaerobic and aerobic capacities of the subjects in the experiment group 2 are effectively improved,indicating that ratio of aerobic and anaerobic of the training scheme is better.

Abstract Dry eye disease is a chronic ocular surface inflammatory disease caused by abnormal tear quality or quantity and decreased tear film stability due to various reasons, and often accompanied by ocular discomfort such as itching, dryness, foreign body sensation, and visual dysfunction, which can seriously affect the patient′s quality of life and visual quality if not intervened in time. With the change of social lifestyles, the increase of environmental pollution and the trend of population aging, dry eye disease has become the most common ocular surface disease besides refractive error. Currently, dry eye disease is widely recognized as a non-infectious immune-related inflammatory disease, but the signaling pathways involved in dry eye disease are poorly understood. Whether dry eye disease is caused by excessive tear evaporation, insufficient tear production, or mucin deficiency, the ocular surface tissues(cornea/conjunctiva) inevitably undergo pathological processes such as aberrant proliferation, squamous epithelial hyperplasia, initiation of corneal damage repair mechanisms, and reduction in the number of conjunctival goblet cells, whereas the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is known to have a wide range of biological functions and plays an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and stemness maintenance. Therefore, this review describes the pathogenesis and potential experimental therapeutic options of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in dry eye disease from this perspective, aiming to provide new targets for the treatment of dry eye disease and achieve the goal of controlling the disease progression from the root.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases are common clinical conditions. The number of patients with TMJ diseases is large, and the etiology, epidemiology, disease spectrum, and treatment of the disease remain controversial and unknown. To understand and master the current situation of the occurrence, development and prevention of TMJ diseases, as well as to identify the patterns in etiology, incidence, drug sensitivity, and prognosis is crucial for alleviating patients′suffering.This will facilitate in-depth medical research, effective disease prevention measures, and the formulation of corresponding health policies. Cohort construction and research has an irreplaceable role in precise disease prevention and significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment levels. Large-scale cohort studies are needed to explore the relationship between potential risk factors and outcomes of TMJ diseases, and to observe disease prognoses through long-term follw-ups. The consensus aims to establish a standard conceptual frame work for a cohort study on patients with TMJ disease while providing ideas for cohort data standards to this condition. TMJ disease cohort data consists of both common data standards applicable to all specific disease cohorts as well as disease-specific data standards. Common data were available for each specific disease cohort. By integrating different cohort research resources, standard problems or study variables can be unified. Long-term follow-up can be performed using consistent definitions and criteria across different projects for better core data collection. It is hoped that this consensus will be facilitate the development cohort studies of TMJ diseases.