In recent years, the spread of clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae infection has seriously affected the yield and quality of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.. The cascade of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), a highly conserved signaling pathway, plays an important role in plant responses to both biotic and abiotic stress conditions. To mine the MAPK genes related to clubroot disease resistance in B. juncea, we conducted a genome-wide analysis on this vegetable, and we analyzed the phylogenetic evolution and gene structure of the MAPK gene family in mustard. The 66 BjuMAPK genes identified by screening the whole genome sequence of B. juncea were unevenly distributed on 17 chromosomes. At the genomic scale, tandem repeats led to an increase in the number of MAPK genes in B. juncea. It was found that members of the same subfamily had similar gene structures, and there were great differences among different subfamilies. These predicted cis-acting elements were related to plant hormones, stress resistance, and plant growth and development. The expression of BjuMAPK02, BjuMAPK15, BjuMAPK17, and BjuMAPK19 were down-regulated or up-regulated in response to P. brassicae infection. The above results lay a theoretical foundation for further studying the functions of BjuMAPK genes in B. juncea in response to the biotic stress caused by clubroot disease.
Mustard Plant/parasitology* ; Plasmodiophorida/pathogenicity* ; Plant Diseases/genetics* ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism* ; Phylogeny ; Disease Resistance/genetics* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genome, Plant ; Plant Proteins/genetics*

Objective To analyze the stress distributions of two root canal preparation shapes of oval root canals with micro-crack.Methods Twenty single-canal mandibular premolars with oval canals were expanded to create micro-cracks.Roots were sectioned after staining.The generation and distribution of dentin micro-cracks were observed under microscope.Then a finite element(FE)model of sectioned enlarged oval canal roots with micro-cracks was established.The stress distribution of micro-crack and root were analyzed under lateral loading.Results Cracks always appeared in the buccolingual sides of oval canal roots and extended from the intracanal wall to the root surface.This was consistent with the stress concentration on the buccolingual side of the root canal wall shown by FE analysis.When micro-cracks occurred,stresses were transferred to the crack tip and the peak values increased sharply nearly 5 times.This made the cracks propagate easily along this direction,especially in the long axis direction of the tooth.Conclusions The presence of micro-cracks does not change the general stress concentration on root with two preparation morphologies of oval canals.However,the micro-crack causes an extreme stress concentration in the crack tip.This may be the mechanism of rapid propagation of microcracks into vertical root fracture,and dentists need to pay high attention.

Background::Psychological stress has been reported to be a potential risk factor for hypertension among females, but it remains unclear whether spousal chronic stress levels alter the risk of hypertension among women. We examined the associations between stress within the family and hypertension among married women.Methods::Reproductive-aged women who were planning for pregnancy and their husbands were recruited from the National Free Pre-pregnancy Checkup Projects (NFPCP) across 31 provinces in China in 2016 and 2017. Perceived stress of wives or husbands was measured with a 5-point Likert-type scale, and assessed from three domains: work/life-related stress, economic stress, and overall stress. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between stress status and the prevalence of hypertension.Results::Of 10,027,644 couples, 261,098 (2.60%) women had hypertension. The results showed that higher stress levels among themselves or their husbands were associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension in women ( Pfor trend <0.001). Compared with non-stressed participants, female participants with the highest stress themselves were at a greater risk of hypertension, with adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.31 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25-1.37); and compared with participants whose husbands had no stress, those whose husbands had the highest stress level were at a higher risk of hypertension with adjusted OR of 1.24 (95% CI: 1.20-1.29). Moreover, compared with non-stressed status for both couples, only-wife-stressed, only-husband-stressed, and both-stressed couples were found to be significantly associated with increased risks of wives’ hypertension, with adjusted ORs of 1.28 (95% CI: 1.25-1.31), 1.19 (95% CI: 1.17-1.21), and 1.28 (95% CI: 1.26-1.31), respectively. Conclusion::Moderate to severe stress in both spouses might be associated with female hypertension prevalence, which highlights the importance of paying attention to the psychological stresses of couples within the family.

NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is a flavin protease highly expressed in various cancer cells. NQO1 catalyzes a futile redox cycle in substrates, leading to substantial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This ROS generation results in extensive DNA damage and elevated poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1)-mediated consumption of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺), ultimately causing cell death. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD⁺ salvage synthesis pathway, emerges as a critical target in cancer therapy. The concurrent inhibition of NQO1 and NAMPT triggers hyperactivation of PARP1 and intensive NAD⁺ depletion. In this study, we designed, synthesized, and assessed a novel series of proqodine A derivatives targeting both NQO1 and NAMPT. Among these, compound T8 demonstrated potent antitumor properties. Specifically, T8 selectively inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and induced apoptosis through mechanisms dependent on both NQO1 and NAMPT. This discovery offers a promising new molecular entity for advancing anticancer research.
Humans ; NAD/metabolism* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism* ; Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/metabolism* ; Cytokines/metabolism* ; Quinones ; Oxidoreductases

Objective To analyze the sequence of LysinB protein in bacteriophage TM4,express LysinB protein in E.coli and evaluate its bactericidal activity in vitro.Methods Bacteriophage TM4 LysinB gene was synthesized and the recombinant prokaryotic expression plasmid was constructed.The soluble protein was induced and purified.The biological characteristics of bacteriophage TM4 LysinB protein were analyzed by online software program.Mycobacterium smegmatis was cultured in 7H9 medium,and its bactericidal effect and stability were detected.Results The theoretical isoelectric point was 6.66,the instability index was 28.71,which was a stable and amphiphilic protein.In the secondary structure,The random coil,α-helix,β-fold and turn Angle accounted for 42.00％,40.25％,12.00％and 5.75％;In the tertiary structure,the content of random coil was high.The peptide composed of AA at positions 11 to 73 constituted the peptidoglycan binding domain.The regions of B cell epitopes and the strong binding peptides of T cell epitopes were predicted.LysinB protein has a significant ability to kill Mycobacterium smegmatis in vitro.PBST protein buffer with pH8.0 was beneficial to maintain the bactericidal effect of LysinB proteins during the experimental cycle.Conclusion This study expands the comprehensive understanding of the LysinB protein of mycobacterial phage TM4 lyase,and also provides reference for the development of stable storage of phage enzyme preparation and its clinical application.

Objective: To investigate the awareness of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge and its influencing factors among female sex workers (FSWs) in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province. Methods: According to the HIV/AIDS Sentinel Surveillance Plan, FSWs at ages of 15 to 65 years monitored by the national AIDS surveillance sentinel in Jiaxing City were recruited, and demographic information, awareness of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge and related behaviors were collected by questionnaire surveys. Factors affecting the awareness of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge were identified by a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 430 questionnaires were allocated, and 412 were valid, with an effective rate of 95.81%. The respondents had a mean age of (28.58±4.93) years, and included 258 unmarried FSWs (62.62%), 344 with registered residence outside Zhejiang Province (83.50%), 212 with junior high school education or below (51.46%) and 243 from high-end entertainment places (58.98%). The overall awareness of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge among FSWs was 20.39%, and the awareness of "Transfusion of blood containing hepatitis C virus may acquire hepatitis C" (38.83%) and the awareness of "tattooing, eyebrow tattooing and ear piercing in streets or small shops may infect hepatitis C" (38.11%) were relatively low. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified marital status (divorced or widowed, OR=0.161, 95%CI: 0.054-0.482), educational level (high school or technical secondary school, OR=2.568, 95%CI: 1.446-4.560; junior college or above, OR=6.110, 95%CI: 2.658 -14.045) and grade of entertainment places (high-end entertainment places, OR=2.756, 95%CI: 1.525-4.982) as factors affecting the awareness of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge among FSWs. Conclusion FSWs in Jiaxing City have a low awareness of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge, especially lacking of knowledge about the transmission routes and prognosis of hepatitis C.

Objective To explore the effect observation of four-dimension innovative service concept applied to hospital logistics management.Methods Retrospective analysis of the survey results of 500 hospitalized patients,42 hospital staff,187 public facilities/medical instruments and equipment before and after the application of the four-dimension innovative service con-cept(March-June 2022)and after the application(March-June 2023).The satisfaction of patients and employees on logistics work and the difference of repair rate and complaint rate before and after application were compared.Results After the applica-tion,the satisfaction of patients and staff on logistics work were significantly higher than before the application(P＜0.05),and the repair rate of logistics after the application(10.70％)was significantly lower than before the application(18.18％)(P＜0.05),and the complaint rate of logistics(5.00％)was also significantly lower than before the application(8.20％)(P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of four-dimensional innovative service concept in hospital logistics management can effec-tively enhance the satisfaction of patients and staff on logistics work,and reduce the logistics repair rate and complaint rate,and it can be popularized in various hospitals.

ObjectiveTo identify the chemical constituents of Ruyi Zhenbaowan in vitro and in vivo. MethodThe chemical constituents of Ruyi Zhenbaowan were identified based on UHPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap HRMS. A total of 12 male SD rats were randomized into two groups： control （pure water） and Ruyi Zhenbaowan （1.8 g·kg^-1）. The rats were administrated with the suspension of Ruyi Zhenbaowan or pure water by gavage. After 1.5 h， the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid were collected. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column （2.1 mm × 150 mm， 1.7 μm） with a mixture of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （A） and acetonitrile （B） as the mobile phase. Gradient elution was carried out according to the procedure of 0~15 min，97%~80%A；15~30 min ，80%~60%A；30~40 min，60%~30%A；40~45 min，30%~5%A. The ion source was electrospray ionization， and scan range was m/z 100-1 500. The prototype components and the components in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid were analyzed qualitatively by scanning in positive and negative ion modes and identified by comparison with the data in published literature and the information of standard substances. ResultA total of 126 chemical constituents were identified from the 80% methanol solution of Ruyi Zhenbaowan， and 14 and 7 prototype constituents were detected in the plasma and the cerebrospinal fluid， respectively. In addition， the fragmentation rules of apigenin， apigenin-7-O-glucuronide， galangin， liquiritin， piperine， glycyrrhizic acid， eugenol， gallic acid， and cholic acid were deduced. ConclusionThis study achieved rapid multicomponent characterization and identification of Ruyi Zhenbaowan in vitro and in vivo， providing theoretical support for exploring active substances and performing quality control.l.

Objective:To understand the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adults in Qingdao.Methods:A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select 6 240 local residents aged ≥18 years in Qingdao as study subjects from May 2019 to September 2020, the demographic data of the study subjects were collected by face-to-face survey method. The prevalence of CKD in adults in Qingdao were analyzed using software SPSS 25.0.Results:A total of 5 996 adults in Qingdao were included in this study. The overall prevalence rate of CKD in the adults was 8.22%. The prevalence rates of CKD in men and women were 7.70% and 8.74%, respectively. The prevalence rate of CKD was 10.28% in urban residents and 7.25% in rural residents, the differences in the prevalence of CKD among different age, educational level and marital status groups were significant ( P<0.001). The prevalence of CKD tended to increase with age and decrease with the increase of education level. Conclusions:The prevalence of CKD in adults of Qingdao was relatively high. It is necessary to actively carry out the early prevention and treatment of CKD and strengthen the screening and prevention of CKD to reduce the incidence and slow development of CKD.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally,with only one Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug for its treatment.Given MASLD's complex pathophysiology,ther-apies that simultaneously target multiple pathways are highly desirable.One promising approach is dual-modulation of the famesoid X receptor(FXR),which regulates lipid and bile acid metabolism.However,FXR agonists alone are insufficient due to their limited anti-inflammatory effects.This study aimed to dto identify natural products capable of both FXR activation and inflammation inhibition to provide a comprehensive therapeutic approach for MASLD.Potential FXR ligands from the Natural Product Library were predicted via virtual screening using the Protein Preparation Wizard module in Schrodinger(2018)for molecular docking.Direct binding and regulation of candidate compounds on FXR were analyzed using surface plasmon resonance(SPR)binding assay,reporter gene ana-lysis,and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The anti-inflammatory properties of these compounds were eval-uated in AML12 cells treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α).Dual-function compounds with FXR agonism and inflamma-tion inhibition were further identified in cells transfected with Fxr siRNA and treated with TNF-α.The effects of these dual-function compounds on lipid accumulation and inflammation were evaluated in cells treated with palmitic acid.Results revealed that 17 natural products were predicted via computational molecular docking as potential FXR agonists,with 15 exhibiting a strong affinity for FXR recombinant protein.Nine isoflavone compounds significantly enhanced FXR reporter luciferase activity and the mRNA expressions of Shp and Ostb.Structure-activity relationship analysis indicated that introducing isopropyl or methoxy groups at the C7 position or a methoxy group at the C6 position could enhance the agonistic efficacy of isoflavones.Three compounds(2,6,and 8)were identified as dual-function natural products functioning as FXR agonists and inflammatory inhibitors,while one compound(12)acted as an FXR agonist to inhibit inflammation.These natural products protected hepatocytes against palmitic acid-induced lipid accumulation and in-flammation.In conclusion,compounds 2,6,and 8(genistein,biochanin A,and 7-methoxyisoflavone,respectively)were identified as dual-function bioactive products that transactivate FXR and inhibit inflammation,serving as potential candidates or lead compounds for MASLD therapy.