This paper explores the application and advancements of cross-cultural nursing concepts in the management of ICU patients. It identifies the core elements of humanistic care from a cross-cultural perspective, introduces relevant international research findings, and provides an in-depth analysis of existing challenges within the domestic healthcare context. Constructive suggestions are proposed to enhance the quality of life of ICU patients.

Objective:To explore the lived experiences of family members of terminal ICU patients regarding their humanistic care needs and provide theoretical foundations for developing nursing care plans tailored to their needs.Methods:This study was a descriptive qualitative study. From April to December 2023, 16 family members of terminally ill ICU patients in Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University were selected for semi-structured interviews using purposive sampling method, and the interview data were qualitatively analyzed using Colaizzi 7-step analysis.Results:The humanistic care needs of family members of terminally ill ICU patients can be categorized into five themes, namely, the need to know the condition at the first time; the need to participate in treatment and decision-making; the need to respect the wishes of terminally ill patients; the need for psychological care; and the need for social support.Conclusions:The humanistic care needs of family members of terminal ICU patients remain largely unmet. Nursing professionals should consider these needs and preferences and provide family members with professional guidance to help them establish positive coping mechanisms.

Objective:To understand the current status of family resilience in children with autism and explore its influencing factors, providing a basis for developing intervention measures to improve family resilience in these families.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select children with autism and their caregivers who underwent rehabilitation training at the Department of Child Developmental Behavior, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March to September 2023. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale, the Chinese version of the Parenting Burnout Scale, and the Caregiver Stress Scale.Results:A total of 280 questionnaires were distributed, and 271 valid questionnaires were collected. Among the 271 children with autism, 210 were male and 61 were female, with the majority aged 3-5 years old (169 cases). Among the 271 caregivers, 21 were male and 250 were female, with the majority aged 30-39 years old (149 cases). The total score of the Chinese version of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale was (70.59 ± 14.08) points, with scores of (49.96 ± 10.23) points for family communication and problem-solving, (7.13 ± 1.62) points for social resource utilization, and (13.52 ± 3.31) points for maintaining a positive attitude. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the child′s age, disease duration, reimbursement method, parenting burnout, and caregiver stress were influencing factors of family resilience in children with autism ( t values were -10.40-3.48, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The level of family resilience in children with autism needs improvement. Higher levels of parenting burnout and caregiver stress are associated with lower levels of family resilience. Future interventions should be developed based on these influencing factors to promote the physical and mental health of children with autism and their caregivers.

Objective:To understand the current status of family resilience in children with autism and explore its influencing factors, providing a basis for developing intervention measures to improve family resilience in these families.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select children with autism and their caregivers who underwent rehabilitation training at the Department of Child Developmental Behavior, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March to September 2023. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale, the Chinese version of the Parenting Burnout Scale, and the Caregiver Stress Scale.Results:A total of 280 questionnaires were distributed, and 271 valid questionnaires were collected. Among the 271 children with autism, 210 were male and 61 were female, with the majority aged 3-5 years old (169 cases). Among the 271 caregivers, 21 were male and 250 were female, with the majority aged 30-39 years old (149 cases). The total score of the Chinese version of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale was (70.59 ± 14.08) points, with scores of (49.96 ± 10.23) points for family communication and problem-solving, (7.13 ± 1.62) points for social resource utilization, and (13.52 ± 3.31) points for maintaining a positive attitude. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the child′s age, disease duration, reimbursement method, parenting burnout, and caregiver stress were influencing factors of family resilience in children with autism ( t values were -10.40-3.48, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The level of family resilience in children with autism needs improvement. Higher levels of parenting burnout and caregiver stress are associated with lower levels of family resilience. Future interventions should be developed based on these influencing factors to promote the physical and mental health of children with autism and their caregivers.

This paper explores the application and advancements of cross-cultural nursing concepts in the management of ICU patients. It identifies the core elements of humanistic care from a cross-cultural perspective, introduces relevant international research findings, and provides an in-depth analysis of existing challenges within the domestic healthcare context. Constructive suggestions are proposed to enhance the quality of life of ICU patients.

Objective:To explore the lived experiences of family members of terminal ICU patients regarding their humanistic care needs and provide theoretical foundations for developing nursing care plans tailored to their needs.Methods:This study was a descriptive qualitative study. From April to December 2023, 16 family members of terminally ill ICU patients in Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University were selected for semi-structured interviews using purposive sampling method, and the interview data were qualitatively analyzed using Colaizzi 7-step analysis.Results:The humanistic care needs of family members of terminally ill ICU patients can be categorized into five themes, namely, the need to know the condition at the first time; the need to participate in treatment and decision-making; the need to respect the wishes of terminally ill patients; the need for psychological care; and the need for social support.Conclusions:The humanistic care needs of family members of terminal ICU patients remain largely unmet. Nursing professionals should consider these needs and preferences and provide family members with professional guidance to help them establish positive coping mechanisms.

Objective:To explore the experience of emotion management and program needs of patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS) from the doctor-nurse-patient perspective.Methods:This study was a phenomenological study in qualitative research. Using purposive sampling method, four medical specialists, four nursing specialists, and 10 patients with VVS from the Syncope Center of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University were selected from March to May 2024 for semi-structured interviews. Colaizzi's phenomenological data analysis was used to analyze the data.Results:Theme 1 was the initial perception and experience of emotion management, in which the doctor-nurse perspective included two sub-themes of emotion management met the actual needs of clinical patients and the management program was too specialized and unknown, and the patient perspective included three sub-themes of differences in the ability of individuals to recognize their own emotional state, lack of knowledge related to emotion management, and lack of social support. Theme 2 was the need for emotion management programs, in which the doctor-nurse perspective involved two sub-themes of multidisciplinary cooperation, suitable for clinical operation and follow-up, and the combination of online and offline, and in-hospital and out-of-hospital linkage, and the patient perspective involved two sub-themes of the need for healthcare guidance, easy to operate, and the diversification of forms, personalization, and meeting the needs of different populations.Conclusions:The content of emotion management is relatively unknown to doctors, nurses and patients, and even more so to patients. VVS emotion management work is still in its infancy, and emotion management as a branch of rehabilitation needs to be emphasized for its development, and psychological assessment and intervention work should be incorporated into the routine of syncope rehabilitation.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of chlorinated organophosphate flame retardants (Cl-OPFRs) via respiratory and digestive tract exposure on multiple organs in mice.Methods:A short-term repeated exposure model of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and tris(1, 3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) in mice was established through intratracheal instillation and oral gavage administration. The exposure doses were 0.7, 1 and 2 mg·kg -1·day -1, respectively, with continuous administration for 14 days. The organs of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, bladder and testis were collected and weighed to calculate the organ coefficients. The pathological and histological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining to quantitatively assess the effects of the three Cl-OPFRs on the various organs by using the pathology score. Results:Analysis of organ coefficients in tracheal drip-treated mice showed that the organ coefficients in the testes of the TCEP, TCIPP and TDCIPP groups were lower than those in the control group ( PTCEP-testis=0.045, PTCIPP-testis=0.012 and PTDCIPP-testis<0.001). The organ coefficients were lower in the lungs and small intestines of the TCEP group ( PTCEP-lung=0.006, PTCEP-small intestine=0.042). The organ coefficients for the stomach and large intestine were higher in the TDCIPP group ( PTDCIPP-stomach=0.014, PTDCIPP-large intestine=0.049). Analyses of gavage-contaminated mice showed that the organ coefficients for liver, stomach and small intestine in the TCEP and TDCIPP groups were higher than those in the control group ( PTCEP-liver=0.007, PTCEP-stomach=0.003, PTCEP-small intestine<0.001, PTDCIPP-liver=0.001, PTDCIPP-stomach=0.004, and PTDCIPP-small intestine<0.001). Histopathological analyses of the organs of tracheal drip dyed mice showed significant pathological damage in the lung tissue of the TCIPP group, mainly in the form of thickening of the interstitium, infiltration of inflammatory cells and alveolar collapse. The results of the analysis of gavage poisoned mice showed that TCIPP exposure could lead to blurring of the red and white medullary boundaries of spleen tissues, destruction of white medullary structures, etc., and induce small intestinal cryptitis. TDCIPP induced significant pathological damage to the liver tissues of mice, which mainly included cytoplasmic washout, infiltration of inflammatory cells, acute inflammation, and other injurious effects. Significant pathological damage to the intestinal tissues of mice was also observed. Conclusions:This study demonstrates that the toxic effects of Cl-OPFRs are significantly associated with exposure routes and compound specificity. Respiratory exposure predominantly induces TCIPP-mediated pulmonary injury, while digestive exposure causes TDCIPP-driven hepatointestinal toxicity. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the toxicity screening of Cl-OPFRs.

Objective:In order to effectively educate students on tooth defect diseases and restoration techniques, the teaching and research team at the School of Stomatology of Qingdao University developed an integrated course operative dentistry. This course is specifically designed to align with the undergraduate curriculum reform requirements of "Three Early, Two Multiple and One Integration".Methods:The teaching practice of operative dentistry was conducted with the stomatology undergraduates of grade 2020 and 2021. The course group redesigned the curriculum by reorganizing teaching content, rebuilding teaching resources, reconstructing teaching mode, and reshaping the evaluation system. Evaluation of the curriculum design included test scores, satisfaction questionnaires, and teacher self-evaluation. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 27.0 software, including independent sample t-tests for numerical variables and Fisher's exact test or Wilcoxon rank sum test for categorical variables. Results:Through the integrated course learning, 92.68% (38/41) of the students of grade 2020 and 97.44% (38/39) of the students of grade 2021 can basically or completely master various dental defect repair schemes and understand the importance of preserving natural tooth. 82.93% (34/41) of the students of grade 2020 and 100.00% (39/39) of the students of grade 2021 could basically or completely master the key points of various dental defect restorations.Conclusions:Through the practice of teaching, it has been confirmed that the integrated course of operative dentistry is beneficial to students' mastering the knowledge and skills of dental defect diseases and their restoration in a more comprehensive way, and is conducive to the cultivation of clinical thinking, hands-on ability and the patient-centered, comprehensive problem-solving thinking, which is in line with the guidance on the innovation and development of medical education.

Objective:To explore the experience of emotion management and program needs of patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS) from the doctor-nurse-patient perspective.Methods:This study was a phenomenological study in qualitative research. Using purposive sampling method, four medical specialists, four nursing specialists, and 10 patients with VVS from the Syncope Center of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University were selected from March to May 2024 for semi-structured interviews. Colaizzi's phenomenological data analysis was used to analyze the data.Results:Theme 1 was the initial perception and experience of emotion management, in which the doctor-nurse perspective included two sub-themes of emotion management met the actual needs of clinical patients and the management program was too specialized and unknown, and the patient perspective included three sub-themes of differences in the ability of individuals to recognize their own emotional state, lack of knowledge related to emotion management, and lack of social support. Theme 2 was the need for emotion management programs, in which the doctor-nurse perspective involved two sub-themes of multidisciplinary cooperation, suitable for clinical operation and follow-up, and the combination of online and offline, and in-hospital and out-of-hospital linkage, and the patient perspective involved two sub-themes of the need for healthcare guidance, easy to operate, and the diversification of forms, personalization, and meeting the needs of different populations.Conclusions:The content of emotion management is relatively unknown to doctors, nurses and patients, and even more so to patients. VVS emotion management work is still in its infancy, and emotion management as a branch of rehabilitation needs to be emphasized for its development, and psychological assessment and intervention work should be incorporated into the routine of syncope rehabilitation.