BACKGROUND:In the field of tissue engineering,decellularized scaffolds are widely used owing to their biocompatibility.Nonetheless,these scaffolds frequently encounter the limitation of inadequate cell infiltration due to their densely structured composition.Using laser micro-patterning technology for structural modification can improve cell adhesion and proliferation.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress of laser microporous decellularized scaffolds in tissue regeneration.METHODS:Related literature was searched in PubMed and CNKI databases.The Chinese and English search terms were"decellularized scaffold,laser micro-patterning technology,laser microporous decellularized scaffold,extracellular matrix,laser drilling,tissue regeneration."References were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria,and 65 articles were finally included for analysis and discussion.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Laser micro-patterning technology can selectively remove tissues to achieve scaffold modification.Laser treatment can have controllable effects on the pore structure,mechanical properties and cell permeability of the scaffold.(2)To obtain the optimal cell integration and remodeling effect,factors such as scaffold pretreatment,laser and decellularization process sequence,laser parameter setting,decellularization process and pore structure should be considered.(3)At present,the application of laser microporous decellularized scaffolds has shown that it can promote tissue repair,and it is also necessary to solve the problem of tissue thermal damage.Depending on the absorption of different wavelengths of laser light by the tissue,a reasonable selection of laser type is a feasible solution.(4)Tissue damage repair by laser microporous decellularized scaffold is expected to achieve clinical transformation,and optimizing laser technology and carrying out larger scale biosafety testing are future research directions.

BACKGROUND:In the field of tissue engineering,decellularized scaffolds are widely used owing to their biocompatibility.Nonetheless,these scaffolds frequently encounter the limitation of inadequate cell infiltration due to their densely structured composition.Using laser micro-patterning technology for structural modification can improve cell adhesion and proliferation.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress of laser microporous decellularized scaffolds in tissue regeneration.METHODS:Related literature was searched in PubMed and CNKI databases.The Chinese and English search terms were"decellularized scaffold,laser micro-patterning technology,laser microporous decellularized scaffold,extracellular matrix,laser drilling,tissue regeneration."References were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria,and 65 articles were finally included for analysis and discussion.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Laser micro-patterning technology can selectively remove tissues to achieve scaffold modification.Laser treatment can have controllable effects on the pore structure,mechanical properties and cell permeability of the scaffold.(2)To obtain the optimal cell integration and remodeling effect,factors such as scaffold pretreatment,laser and decellularization process sequence,laser parameter setting,decellularization process and pore structure should be considered.(3)At present,the application of laser microporous decellularized scaffolds has shown that it can promote tissue repair,and it is also necessary to solve the problem of tissue thermal damage.Depending on the absorption of different wavelengths of laser light by the tissue,a reasonable selection of laser type is a feasible solution.(4)Tissue damage repair by laser microporous decellularized scaffold is expected to achieve clinical transformation,and optimizing laser technology and carrying out larger scale biosafety testing are future research directions.

Objective Based on the assumption of spatial heterogeneity,the distribution pattern and risk characteristics of health poverty in middle-aged and elderly people with chronic diseases are described from the perspective of spatial differentiation.In order to providing a theoretical basis for the optimization of subsequent poverty reduction policies and a model policy for other countries.Methods It used factor detector and interaction detector to capture the role of single-factor and multi-factor interactions on the spatial differentiation of health poverty,and risk detectors were utilized to explore the high-risk factors in risky areas Results The single factor explanation of medical assistance and health education activities is prominent,and the factors such as PM2.5,old-age dependency ratio and urban unemployment rate have strong interaction.Furthermore,it identified high-risk factor characteristics in areas at high risk of health poverty.Conclusion The spatial differentiation pattern of health poverty among the middle-aged and elderly chronic disease population in China is the result of the synergistic driving effect of multidimensional factors,and there is variability in the risk characteristics among regions.The government should establish a contextual optimization strategy and pay attention to the joint effect of multiple factors to establish a synergistic management system.

Objective:To investigate the prognostic and predictive value of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in gastric cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy.Methods:Clinical and pathological data, along with tumor tissue samples, were collected from 33 gastric cancer patients who received immunotherapy at Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University from January 2020 to December 2024. The density of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) and expression patterns of CD3, CD20, PNAd, and BCL6 were systematically evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the associations between TLS characteristics and clinical outcomes, including objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and progression-free survival (PFS).Results:Patients in the TLS-high infiltration group (TLS High) demonstrated significantly better outcomes compared to that of the TLS-low group (TLS Low), with higher ORR (58.8% vs 18.8%, P=0.019), DCR (94.1% vs 37.5%, <0.001), and markedly prolonged median PFS (276 vs 67 days, P＜0.000 1). Similarly, the BCL6-high expression group (BCL6 High) showed superior treatment responses versus the BCL6-low group (BCL6 Low), with significantly higher ORR (64.7% vs 12.5%, P=0.002), DCR (100.0% vs 31.3%, P＜0.001), and extended PFS ( P＜0.001). Univariate and multivariable Cox regression confirmed TLS infiltration level as an independent favorable prognostic factor for gastric cancer patients receiving immunotherapy ( HR=0.147, 95% CI: 0.022-0.964, P=0.046). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed excellent predictive accuracy for both TLS infiltration [area under the curve (AUC)=0.885, P＜0.001] and the BCL6 scoring model (AUC=0.890, P＜0.001) in anticipating immunotherapy response. Conclusion:TLS density and BCL6 expression may serve as dual predictive and prognostic biomarkers for gastric cancer immunotherapy, highlighting their clinical utility in patient stratification and treatment guidance.

Objective:To analyze the efficacy of arthroscopic release of the lateral patellofemoral retinaculum (LPR) combined with medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) compression for the treatment of moderate to severe patellofemoral arthritis.Methods:A prospective study method was used to select 101 patients with moderate to severe patellofemoral arthritis who were admitted to the Jinzhou Medical University Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023. They were randomly divided into group A (50 cases, LPR release surgery under knee arthroscopy) and group B (51 cases, LPR release surgery combined with MPFL compression surgery under knee arthroscopy). Perioperative indexes, pain degree of patellofemoral joint, patellofemoral trajectory correction, knee joint function and patellofemoral joint function were compared between the two groups before and 6 months after surgery.Results:During the study period, both group A and group B were excluded or separated, and ultimately 47 and 49 patients were enrolled in group A and group B, respectively. The operation time of group B was longer than that of group A: (35.27 ± 3.09) min vs. (25.64 ± 2.66) min, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). Six months after surgery, both groups experienced a reduction in pain, with group B being milder than group A: no pain 75.51% (37/49) vs. 44.68% (21/47), mild pain 24.49% (12/49) vs. 38.30% (18/47), moderate pain 0 vs. 14.89% (7/47), and severe pain 0 vs. 2.13% (1/47). The difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Six months after surgery, the patellofemoral adaptation angle, patellofemoral tilt angle, and patellofemoral lateral displacement distance in both groups decreased, and group B was smaller than group A: (8.02 ± 1.62)° vs. (10.35 ± 1.54)°, (8.71 ± 1.08)° vs. (10.85 ± 0.75)°, 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) mm vs. 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) mm, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). Both groups showed an increase in Lysholm knee score scale and patellar Kujala score, with group B being higher than group A: (89.92 ± 4.02) points vs. (84.21 ± 5.65) points and (89.18 ± 2.57) points vs. (87.40 ± 3.38) points, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Arthroscopic release of LPR combined with MPFL compression surgery is more effective in treating moderate to severe patellofemoral arthritis than arthroscopic release of LPR. It can improve the correction of patellofemoral trajectory, reduce pain, and facilitate the recovery of knee and patellar joint function.

Human Respiratory Stem Cells (RSCs) play a crucial role in the maintenance, repair and regeneration of the respiratory system. As a novel therapeutic method, stem cell therapy is a popular research direction in the medical field. And with the in-depth research on the mechanism of pneumonia caused by respiratory infections in recent years, the use of RSCs to explore pneumonia caused by respiratory infections and its therapeutic strategies has become a hot topic. In this paper, we firstly outlined the types of RSCs, summarized the mechanism of pneumonia caused by respiratory tract infections, discussed the advantages of RSCs application and the progress of culture differentiation, and elaborated the therapeutic exploration of RSCs in pneumonia caused by respiratory tract infections.

Objective To explore the therapeutic mechanism of hot compress with Sangzhi Shengjiang Decoction(manily composed of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens,Mori Ramulus,Cinnamomi Ramulus,Speranskiae Tuberculatae Herba,and Cervi Cornus Colla)in relieving pain and improving hemorheology of patients with femoral head necrosis(FHN).Methods A total of 104 patients with FHN who admitted to Guang'anmen Hospital Baoding,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from May 2022 to May 2024 were randomly divided into the control group and the treatment group according to the random number table method,with 52 cases in each group.The control group was treated with Alendronate Sodium orally,and the treatment group was given hot compress with Sangzhi Shengjiang Decoction on the basis of treatment for the control group.The course of treatment for the two groups covered three months.Before and after the treatment,the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome score,Harris score of joint function,Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)score for pain,and the levels of hemorheology indicators,bone metabolism indicators,and bone mineral density(BMD)of proximal femur and lumbar trabecular bone in the two groups were observed.After treatment,the clinical efficacy of patients in the two groups was evaluated.Results(1)After three months of treatment,the total effective rate of the treatment group was 92.31％(48/52)and that of the control group was 71.15％(37/52),and the intergroup comparison(tested by chi-square test)showed that the clinical efficacy of the treatment group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P<0.01).(2)After treatment,the scores of TCM symptoms such as soreness and weakness in the waist and knee,claudication,restlessness and insomnia,and soreness and heaviness of lower limbs in the two groups were decreased compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the decreases in the treatment group were significantly superior to that in the control group(P<0.01).(3)After treatment,the Harris scores of joint function in the two groups were increased(P<0.05)and the VAS scores for pain were decreased compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the increase of Harris scores and the decrease of VAS scores in the treatment group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P<0.01).(4)After treatment,the levels of hemorheology indicators such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),whole blood low-shear viscosity(LBV),and whole blood high-shear viscosity(HBV)in the two groups were improved compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the improvement in the treatment group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P<0.01).(5)After treatment,the levels of bone metabolism indicators such as serum N-terminal mid-fragment of osteocalcin(N-MID)β-C-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(β-CTX)and total procollagen type Ⅰ N-terminal propeptide(T-PINP)levels of patients in the two groups were decreased compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D[25-(OH)D]level was increased compared with that before treatment(P<0.05).The decrease of serum N-MID,β-CTX and T-PINP levels and the increase of serum 25-(OH)D level in the treatment group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P<0.01).(6)After treatment,BMD of proximal femur and lumbar trabecular bone in the two groups was increased compared with that before treatment(P<0.05),and the increase in the treatment group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion Hot compress with Sangzhi Shengjiang Decoction exerts certain efficacy for the treatment of patients with FHN.The therapy is effective on reducing the scores of TCM syndrome,relieving pain,improving joint function,regulating bone metabolism and bone density,improving hemorheology indicators,and presenting remarkable therapeutic effect.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction in recovering joint muscle strength and bone mineral density(BMD)in patients after hip preservation surgery for osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH).Methods A total of 110 ONFH patients admitted to Guang'anmen Hospital Baoding Branch,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from April 2022 to April 2024 were enrolled.The patients were equally randomized into a control group and a study group using a random number table,with 55 cases in each group.All patients underwent core decompression surgery and then were given postoperative conventional western medical treatment,and the study group received additional modified Taohong Siwu Decoction.The course of treatment lasted for 8 weeks.Before and after treatment,the two groups were observed in the changes of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)score for pain,Harris hip score,joint muscle strength,bone mineral density(BMD),hemorheological parameters(including plasma viscosity,whole blood high-shear viscosity,and whole blood low-shear viscosity),and bone metabolism markers[including alkaline phosphatase(ALP),osteocalcin(BGP),and bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP-2)].After treatment,the clinical efficacy was evaluated between groups.Results(1)After 8 weeks of treatment,the total effective rate in the study group was 92.73%(51/55),which was significantly higher than that in the control group(72.73%,40/55).The intergroup comparison showed a statistically significant difference(χ2=7.698,P＜0.01).(2)After treatment,scores for hip pain,soreness and weakness of the lower back and knees,mental fatigue,and deep-thin-choppy pulse decreased in both groups compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05).Moreover,the magnitude of reduction in all these scores was significantly greater in the study group than that in the control group(P＜0.01).(3)After treatment,the VAS scores for pain severity decreased in both groups compared with baseline(P＜0.05),while the Harris scores for joint function increased in both groups(P＜0.05).Furthermore,the magnitude of reduction in VAS scores and the magnitude of improvement in Harris scores were both significantly greater in the study group than those in the control group(P＜0.01).(4)After treatment,plasma viscosity,high-shear whole blood viscosity,and low-shear whole blood viscosity decreased in both groups compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05).Additionally,the reductions in all these parameters were significantly more pronounced in the study group than in the control group(P＜0.01).(5)After treatment,serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)levels decreased in both groups(P＜0.05),while serum osteocalcin(BGP)and bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2)levels increased in both groups(P＜0.05).Crucially,the magnitude of reduction in serum ALP levels and the magnitude of elevation in serum BGP and BMP-2 levels were all significantly greater in the study group than those in the control group(P＜0.01).(6)After treatment,in the study group,the number of patients with Grade 3 muscle strength significantly decreased while the number with Grade 4 muscle strength significantly increased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05).In contrast,although the control group showed some improvement in joint muscle strength,the changes were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).After treatment,the intergroup comparisons showed that the study group had a significantly smaller number of patients with Grade 3 muscle strength and a significantly larger number with Grade 4 muscle strength than the control group(P＜0.01).(7)After treatment,both local femoral head BMD and average BMD increased in both groups compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05).The magnitude of increase in both local and average BMD was significantly greater in the study group than that in the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion The application of Taohong Siwu Decoction in the treatment of in patients after hip preservation surgery for ONFH is effective on reducing TCM syndrome scores,alleviating pain,improving joint function and hemorheology,and restoring BMD and bone metabolism indicators,which enhances the overall clinical efficacy for the patients.

Objective To study the shielding effect of water body on γ spectrometer during underwater measurements.Methods A mathematical model of water immersion was constructed for the 3-inch(ф76.2 mm×76.2 mm)lanthanum bromide detector.The totipotent peak count rate of 10 typical γ characteristic energies under different radius water sphere conditions was calculated by MCNP software,and the relationship was established.Results The effective radii of γ photons of different energies based on the 3-inch lanthanum bromide detector was obtained.The relation of energy and effective radius was established,and the effective radius of Tl-208@2614keV was 102.99 cm.Conclusion The quantitative relationship between photons of different energies of a typical 3-inch lanthanum bromide detector and effective radius had been established theoretically,which provides a theoretical basis for measuring and analyzing radioactive water body by γ spectrometer.

Objective To study the shielding effect of water body on γ spectrometer during underwater measurements.Methods A mathematical model of water immersion was constructed for the 3-inch(ф76.2 mm×76.2 mm)lanthanum bromide detector.The totipotent peak count rate of 10 typical γ characteristic energies under different radius water sphere conditions was calculated by MCNP software,and the relationship was established.Results The effective radii of γ photons of different energies based on the 3-inch lanthanum bromide detector was obtained.The relation of energy and effective radius was established,and the effective radius of Tl-208@2614keV was 102.99 cm.Conclusion The quantitative relationship between photons of different energies of a typical 3-inch lanthanum bromide detector and effective radius had been established theoretically,which provides a theoretical basis for measuring and analyzing radioactive water body by γ spectrometer.