BACKGROUND:Acupuncture at Xinshu(BL 15)can significantly improve cardiac function and protect myocardial cells in acute myocardial ischemia,but the effect and mechanism of thread embedding treatment at Xinshu(BL 15)on cardiac function in acute myocardial ischemia are yet unclear.Nuclear factor κB activation often appears as an intranuclear translocation of the P65 isoform,and activation of the nuclear factor κB signaling pathway is marked by elevated P65 levels.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of thread embedding pretreatment at Xinshu(BL 15)on cardiac function and the expression levels of interleukin-10,tumor necrosis factor-α,P65 genes and proteins in rats with acute myocardial ischemia.METHODS:Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a blank group,a model group,a Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group,and a non-meridian/non-acupoint group using a random number table method,with eight rats in each group.Rat models of acute myocardial ischemia were established in the latter three groups.The Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group had thread embedding at Xinshu(BL 15)for 14 days,followed by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol hydrochloride into the back to establish an acute myocardial ischemia rat model.The non-meridian/non-acupoint group had local thread embedding for 14 days,and the rest procedures were the same as above.In the model group,Xinshu(BL 15)was only marked,and the rest procedures were the same as above.In the blank group,Xinshu(BL 15)was only marked,and then an equal amount of physiological saline was injected subcutaneously into the back.After 24 hours of modeling,electrocardiogram and cardiac ultrasound were performed.Abdominal aorta blood was extracted for detection of serum creatine kinase and creatine kinase isoenzyme levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Subsequently,the rats were euthanized and samples were collected.Hematoxylin-eosin and TUNEL staining were used to observe the pathological changes of myocardial tissue and the apoptosis of myocardial cells.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)and western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-10,and P65 in myocardial tissue respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Electrocardiogram:Compared with the blank group,the model group,non-meridian/non-acupoint group,and Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group had significantly elevated ST segment in lead Ⅱ of the electrocardiogram.(2)Cardiac ultrasound:Compared with the model group,the Left ventricular end-systolic dimension in the Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group were significantly reduced(P＜0.05),while left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening rate were significantly increased(P＜0.05).(4)Serum creatine kinase and creatine kinase isoenzyme:Compared with the model group,the Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group showed a significant decrease in serum creatine kinase and creatine kinase isoenzyme levels(P＜0.05).(4)Hematoxylin-eosin staining:Compared with the model group,the arrangement of myocardial fibers in the Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group was basically neat,with less edema and a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration.(5)TUNEL staining:Compared with the model group,the fluorescence intensity of myocardial cell apoptosis in the Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group was significantly reduced,and its apoptosis rate was significantly reduced(P＜0.05).(6)RT-qPCR and western blot:Compared with the model group,the myocardial tissue interleukin-10 level in the Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),while tumor necrosis factor-α and P65 levels were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).These findings indicate that thread embedding pretreatment at Xinshu(BL 15)can improve cardiac function in rats with acute myocardial ischemia,and its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of the activation of the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND:Acupuncture at Xinshu(BL 15)can significantly improve cardiac function and protect myocardial cells in acute myocardial ischemia,but the effect and mechanism of thread embedding treatment at Xinshu(BL 15)on cardiac function in acute myocardial ischemia are yet unclear.Nuclear factor κB activation often appears as an intranuclear translocation of the P65 isoform,and activation of the nuclear factor κB signaling pathway is marked by elevated P65 levels.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of thread embedding pretreatment at Xinshu(BL 15)on cardiac function and the expression levels of interleukin-10,tumor necrosis factor-α,P65 genes and proteins in rats with acute myocardial ischemia.METHODS:Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a blank group,a model group,a Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group,and a non-meridian/non-acupoint group using a random number table method,with eight rats in each group.Rat models of acute myocardial ischemia were established in the latter three groups.The Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group had thread embedding at Xinshu(BL 15)for 14 days,followed by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol hydrochloride into the back to establish an acute myocardial ischemia rat model.The non-meridian/non-acupoint group had local thread embedding for 14 days,and the rest procedures were the same as above.In the model group,Xinshu(BL 15)was only marked,and the rest procedures were the same as above.In the blank group,Xinshu(BL 15)was only marked,and then an equal amount of physiological saline was injected subcutaneously into the back.After 24 hours of modeling,electrocardiogram and cardiac ultrasound were performed.Abdominal aorta blood was extracted for detection of serum creatine kinase and creatine kinase isoenzyme levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Subsequently,the rats were euthanized and samples were collected.Hematoxylin-eosin and TUNEL staining were used to observe the pathological changes of myocardial tissue and the apoptosis of myocardial cells.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)and western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-10,and P65 in myocardial tissue respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Electrocardiogram:Compared with the blank group,the model group,non-meridian/non-acupoint group,and Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group had significantly elevated ST segment in lead Ⅱ of the electrocardiogram.(2)Cardiac ultrasound:Compared with the model group,the Left ventricular end-systolic dimension in the Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group were significantly reduced(P＜0.05),while left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening rate were significantly increased(P＜0.05).(4)Serum creatine kinase and creatine kinase isoenzyme:Compared with the model group,the Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group showed a significant decrease in serum creatine kinase and creatine kinase isoenzyme levels(P＜0.05).(4)Hematoxylin-eosin staining:Compared with the model group,the arrangement of myocardial fibers in the Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group was basically neat,with less edema and a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration.(5)TUNEL staining:Compared with the model group,the fluorescence intensity of myocardial cell apoptosis in the Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group was significantly reduced,and its apoptosis rate was significantly reduced(P＜0.05).(6)RT-qPCR and western blot:Compared with the model group,the myocardial tissue interleukin-10 level in the Xinshu(BL 15)acupoint group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),while tumor necrosis factor-α and P65 levels were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).These findings indicate that thread embedding pretreatment at Xinshu(BL 15)can improve cardiac function in rats with acute myocardial ischemia,and its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of the activation of the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the current status of screening myopia and anxiety symptoms and associated factors among junior and senior high school students in Beijing, so as to provide evidence for myopia prevention and control and the improvement of mental health among adolescents. Methods: From September to November 2024, a total of 17 245 junior high schools, general senior high schools and vocational high schools from 16 districts in Beijing were enrolled by stratified cluster sampling method. Questionnaire surveys and vision screening were conducted to collect data on anxiety symptom and screening diagnosed myopia. The Chi square test was used to analyze the co-occurrence of myopia and anxiety symptoms, and binary Logistic regression analysis was adopted to explore the related factors of the co-occurrence. Results: The overall detection rate of cooccurrence screening myopia and anxiety symptoms among Beijing junior and senior high school students was 6.00%. The detection rate was higher in females ( 7.15 %) than in males (4.90%), higher in urban areas (6.65%) than in suburban areas (5.41%), and higher in general senior high school students (7.61%) than in vocational high school students (6.46%) and junior high school students (4.65%). All differences were statistically significant ( χ 2=38.49, 11.66, 54.88, all P <0.01). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that female gender ( OR =1.43), general senior high school ( OR =1.60), vocational high school ( OR =1.59), daily sugar sweetened beverage intake ( OR =1.66), participation in academic extracurricular classes in preschool ( OR =1.30), electronic screen use for more than 2 hours per day ( OR =1.21), and insufficient sleep ( OR =2.41) were associated with an increased risk of co-occurring screening diagnosed myopia and anxiety symptoms (all P <0.05). Conclusions The co-occurrence of screening diagnosed of myopia and anxiety symptoms among junior and senior high school students in Beijing is common. Female gender, senior high school students, and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors are all risk factors for the co-occurrence of myopia and anxiety symptom. Comprehensive intervention measures can be adopted to simultaneously promote vision protection and mental health among junior and senior high school students.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current career development status and existing bottlenecks among graduates of clinical pharmacist training bases， and to provide evidence for optimizing the training system， enhancing trainees’ job competency， and promoting the sound development of the clinical pharmacy discipline. METHODS Graduates from a clinical pharmacist training base in a tertiary class A hospital were selected as survey subjects. A six-dimensional questionnaire was designed using “Wenjuanxing” platform， distributed and collected via a mobile APP and E-mail. The survey analyzed participants’ basic characteristics， the impact of training on their professional roles， as well as their satisfaction regarding professional sentiment， competence， career status， professional recognition， the current state of the clinical pharmacist workforce， and the teaching model of the training base. The reliability of the questionnaire responses was assessed using Cronbach’s α coefficient. RESULTS A total of 164 questionnaires were distributed， and 147 valid responses were recovered， yielding a valid response rate of 89.63%. The Cronbach’s α coefficient for the questionnaire content was 0.943. The surveyed trainees were primarily employed at general hospitals （81.63%） and tertiary class A hospitals （72.11%）， with women constituting the majority （79.59%）. Their ages were concentrated between 26 and 35 years old （63.27%）， and most of them were supervising pharmacists（59.86%）. After training， 96.60% of graduates returned to their original institutions， and the proportion working in clinical pharmacist positions increased from 52.38% to 84.35%. Trainees’ overall satisfaction rate with the training model was 84.35%. However， their satisfaction with innovation and research capacity in clinical pharmacy was only 42 .18%， the satisfaction with salary and benefits was 35.37%， and the satisfaction with both occupational recognition and rationality of staffing was less than 50%. CONCLUSIONS Clinical pharmacist training bases can effectively promote trainees’ career transition， enhance job competency， and stabilize the talent pool among trainees. Nonetheless， the profession still faces bottlenecks such as relatively weak research capacity， low compensation， insufficient professional recognition， and unreasonable staffing. These issues require a multi-pronged， collaborative approach involving the optimization of training systems， the enhancement of career support， and the improvement of industry policies.

Good endometrial receptivity is an essential factor for embryo implantation,and gene expression in endometrial tissue during the window of implantation(WOI)is closely related to receptivity.Transcriptome sequencing technology enables the identification of gene expression profiles of endometrium during different menstrual phases,as well as microRNAs and long-chain non-coding RNA sequences involved in regulating gene expression.Combining this technology with bioinformatics analysis provides a better understanding of specific gene expression during the receptive period and offers technical support for studying its regulatory mechanism.Moreover,gene expression profiles of the endometrium during different menstrual phases hold significant clinical application value for accurately assessing endometrium receptivity in infertility patients and those with repeated implantation failure,thereby guiding individualized embryo transfer strategies.This review summarizes the progress of transcriptome sequencing in evaluating human endometrial receptivity and discusses future research directions.This review aims to understand the complex molecular mechanisms of endometrial receptivity formation and regulation from the transcriptional level,in order to improve the implantation rate of embryos in assisted reproductive technology and reduce the abortion rate.

Objective To explore the application value of fractional anisotropy(FA)analysis of RGB component transformation in different directions of fibers in substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods There were 35 cases of PD and 37 cases of normal control group.After being performed by brain diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)scanning,the sequence was imported into 3DSlicense 5.6.0,and the diffusion module was used to implement pseudo color mapping based on FA,locate and segment substantia nigra,and use the substantia nigra mask as the tracking starting point.After forming tracing,fibers were imported into DTIANALYSIS 1.51,converting the RGB components into FA values for analysis,and visualized the analysis result.At the same time,fiber length,fiber density,and segmented FA point cloud percentage were compared.Results Compared with the normal group,the length of substantia nigra fibers in the PD group was shorter[(95.14±19.85)mm vs(115.99±21.39)mm,P＜0.01],and there was a statistical difference between the two groups.There was no statistical difference in fiber density[(0.07±0.05)/mm3 vs(0.10±0.12)/mm3,P＞0.05]between control group and PD group.The percentage of FA segment point clouds in the PD group was lower than that in the normal group at 0.9-1,but the principal component characteristics of the point cloud ratios in each FA segment were not significant.Conclusion Based on the transformation of RGB components into FA analysis,the length,density,and FA values of substantia nigra nerve fibers in PD patients can be quantified and visualized,providing a basis for the study of PD neural pathways.

[Purpose]To analyze the trends of mortality and disease burden of gastric cancer among residents aged 30 and above from 2009 to 2023 in Wuxi City of Jiangsu Province and to estimate the age-period-cohort effect.[Methods]The gastric cancer mortality data from 2009 to 2023 were collected from Wuxi Death Registration System,and the crude mortality rate,age-standardized mortality rate,years of life lost(YLL)and YLL rate were calculated.The average annual percen-tage change(AAPC)was calculated with Joinpoint regression to analyze the trends of mortality and YLL rate of gastric cancer.The age-period-cohort model was used to analyze the effect of age,pe-riod and birth cohort on gastric cancer mortality.[Results]From 2009 to 2023,there were 32 348 gastric cancer deaths in Wuxi,the crude mortality rate was 44.24/105,and the age-standard mor-tality rate was 25.10/105,with a total YLL of 681 618.33 person-years.The crude mortality rate,age-standardized mortality rate and YLL rate showed decreasing trends,with AAPC of-1.77％(95％CI:-2.10％～-1.43％),-4.59％(95％CI:-4.97％～-4.20％)and-2.14％(95％CI:-2.56％～-1.74％),respectively.From 2009 to 2023,crude mortality rate,age-tandardized mortality rate,YLL in men were higher than those in women,and the decline rates of all indicators in women were faster than those in men.The age effect showed that the overall risk of gastric cancer death increased with age;the period effect showed a gradual decrease in the mortality risk and death burden of gastric cancer over time;the cohort effect showed that the later born cohort had a lower risk of death and death burden.[Conclusion]From 2009 to 2023,the disease burden of gastric cancer mortality in Wuxi showed a decreasing trend,with age and sex being the primary influencing factors.In the future,emphasis should be placed on gastric cancer screening and early intervention in middle-aged and elderly men.

AIM To investigate the effects of Yunpi Tongchang Formula on intestinal mucosal barrier damage in rats with opioid-induced constipation(OIC)of Spleen-Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome.METHODS In contrast to the 10 rats of the blank group,the 50 rats of the modeling group were induced into models of OIC of Spleen-Kidney Yang Deficiency Pattern by 7 days consecutive administration of both subcutaneous loperamide injection and alternating gavage of activated carbon ice water and vinegar.Following successful modeling,rats were randomly allocated into the model group,the mosapride citrate tablet group(1.35 mg/kg),and the high-dose,medium-dose,and low-dose Yunpi Tongchang Formula groups(15.12,7.56,3.78 g/kg),with 8 mice in each group.Upon the completion of the 14 days treatment,the rats had their TCM Syndrome scores assessed;their fecal water content,initial black stool excretion time,and small intestine propulsion rate measured;their colon tissue morphology observed by HE staining;their serum levels of IL-6,TNF-α,and IL-1β detected by ELISA;their expressions of occludin and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)in colon tissues detected by immunohistochemistry;their mRNA expressions of MyD88,TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in the colon tissues detected by RT-qPCR;and their protein expressions of MyD88,TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in the colon tissues detected by Western blot.RESULTS Compared to the blank group,the model group had higher TCM Syndrome scores(P＜0.01);lower fecal water content and small intestine propulsion rate(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);longer initial black stool excretion time(P＜0.01);more mucosal edema in colon tissue,obvious inflammatory infiltration,and glandular disorder;increased serum levels of IL-6,TNF-α and IL-1 β(P＜0.05);decreased colon expressions of ZO-1 and occludin(P＜0.01);and increased mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB p65(P＜0.01).Compared to the model group,both the medium-dose Yunpi Tongchang Formula group and the mosapride citrate tablet group demonstrated effectively reduced TCM syndrome scores(P＜0.01);increased fecal water content and small intestine propulsion rate(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);and shorter initial black stool excretion time(P＜0.01);improved colon mucosal edema and inflammatory infiltration;decreased serum levels of IL-6,TNF-α and IL-1β(P＜0.01);upregulated protein expressions of ZO-1 and occludin(P＜0.01);and downregulated mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB p65(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION Yunpi Tongchang Formula significantly ameliorates constipation symptoms in OIC rat models of Spleen-Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome because of its efficacy in attenuating intestinal inflammation and preserving the integrity of intestinal epithelial barrier structure,with its mechanistic action in downregulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway activation.

AIM To investigate the effect of Fuzheng Hefu Zhiyang Formula(FZHFZY)on psoriasis-like skin lesions and immune regulation in mice.METHODS In the in vivo experiment,30 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the blank group,the model group,the dexamethasone group(1.5 g/kg of compound dexamethasone acetate cream),and the low-dose(2.5 g/kg)and high-dose(5 g/kg)FZHFZY groups,with six mice in each group.The experiment groups were treated with respective FZHFZY and dexamethasone,and the other groups were given normal saline for 10 consecutive days,during which psoriatic skin lesions were induced with imiquimod cream for 7 consecutive days.The mice had their area and severity of psoriasis assessed by PASI score;their histological changes of skin lesions.observed with Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining;their F4/80 ratio of skin lesions observed with immunohistochemical(IHC)staining;their protein expressions of P38,p-P38,Erk,p-Erk,P65 and p-P65 detected by Western blot;and their mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),IL-17,IL-23 and IL-1β detected by RT-qPCR.In the in vitro research,the cultured RAW264.7 cells were divided into the blank group,the LPS group,and the FZHFZY groups(1 200,600,300,150 μg/mL).The cells had their protein expressions of P38,p-P38,Erk,p-Erk,P65 and p-P65 detected with Western blot;and their mRNA expressions of IL-6,TNF-α,IL-23 and IL-8 detected by RT-qPCR.RESULTS The in vivo experiment showed that compared to the model group,the FZHFZY groups demonstrated decreased PASI score(P＜0.01);improved epidermal thickening and parakeratosis of skin lesions as revealed by HE staining result and increased expression of F4/80 in IHC staining sections;decreased protein expression ratios of p-P38/P38,p-ERK/Erk and p-P65/P65 in skin(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);and reduced mRNA expressions of TNF-α,IL-17,IL-23 and IL-1β in the skin(P＜0.01).FZHFZY(0～2 400 μg/mL)showed no significant cytotoxicity towards RAW264.7 cells in vitro(P＞0.05).Compared to those of the LPS group,the cells exposed to FZHFZ at concentrations of 1 200 and 600 μg/mL demonstrated decreased protein expression ratios of p-P38/P38,p-ERK/Erk,and p-P65/P65(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);and significantly decreased mRNA expressions of TNF-α,IL-17,IL-23 and IL-1β(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION FZHFZY alleviates imiquimod-induced psoriatic lesions in mice and suppresses inflammatory response in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells by inhibiting P38/Erk/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a chronic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that can cause joint destruction and deformity.As a small molecule cytokine,the chemokine C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12(CXCL12)regulates the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis by binding to the specific receptor CXC chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4).Therefore,based on the bio-logical characteristics of CXCL12 and CXCR4,this paper intro-duces the pathogenesis of CXCL12/CXCR4 in RA and summari-zes the progress in RA-related research,with the aim of providing clinical value for understanding the pathogenesis of RA and de-veloping novel therapeutic targets.