Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features, gene mutations, and distribution of bronchial adenoma (BA).Methods:Eighty-eight cases of BA diagnosed via routine section diagnosis between May 2015 and February 2024 were collected at the Pathology Departments of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University (71 cases), Shanghai, China and Jining No.1 People′s Hospital (17 cases), Jining, China. Clinical data, image features, histopathological sections, immunohistochemical stains, and genetic testing results were reviewed.Results:Among the 88 patients with BA, there were 36 males and 52 females. The incidence of proximal-type BA was the same in both genders (50%, 28/56), while distal-type BA was more commonly found in females (75%, 24/32, P=0.022). BA predominantly affected middle-aged and elderly adults, with an age range of 30-78 years (median, 61 years). Clinically, BA generally presented without obvious symptoms. Radiologically it mainly manifested as peripheral lung ground-glass nodules, mixed ground-glass nodules, or solid nodules, primarily located in the lower lobes of the lungs (72.7%, 64/88). Proximal-type BA was characterized by solid nodules (53.6%, 30/56), while distal-type BA by ground-glass nodules (56.3%, 18/32), with a statistically significant difference between the two types ( P<0.01). The tumor was non-encapsulated, with a gray-white cut surface, and some areas were gray-brown. In 18.2% (16/88) of cases, the cut surface was slippery, with soft to medium-firm consistency and poorly defined margins. The smooth texture was predominantly found in proximal-type BA (14/16), whose tumor diameters ranged from 0.2 to 4.6 cm. Microscopically, the lesions exhibited glandular, papillary, or relatively flat patterns, with the main cellular components consisting of basal cells, ciliated columnar cells, mucinous cells, and alveolar epithelial cells in various proportions. Proximal-type BA resembled the morphology of proximal bronchioles and commonly contained mucinous and ciliated cells, while distal-type BA typically lacked mucinous and ciliated cells. The frequency of ciliated cell micropapillae in proximal-type BA (64.3%, 36/56) was significantly higher than that in distal-type BA (31.3%, 10/32, P=0.003). The morphological manifestation of glandular duct dilation was more commonly noted in proximal-type BA (98.2%, 55/56) than that in distal-type BA (81.25%, 26/32, P=0.009). Overall, the disagreement rate between frozen-section and routine diagnoses was 19.5% (17/87). Immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin 5/6 (CK5/6) and p40 showed that basal cell continuity in proximal-type BA (82.1%, 46/56) was significantly higher than that in distal-type BA (56.2%, 18/32, P=0.009). Molecular testing showed an accumulative gene mutation rate of 60.5% (23/38) in BA, including mutations in BRAF V600E (34.2%, 13/38), KRAS (18.4%, 7/38), ALK (5.3%, 2/38), and EGFR (2.6%, 1/38). Proximal-type BA was associated with BRAF V600E mutations, while distal-type BA with KRAS mutations ( P=0.025). Conclusions:BA is a rare benign bronchial tumor and has a high diagnostic error-rate on intraoperative frozen section. Proximal-type BA often presents with ciliated cell micropapillae, which supports the diagnosis, while distal-type BA frequently shows a partial reduction or absence of basal cells, increasing the diagnostic difficulty. The different subtypes of BA exhibit distinct genetic (mutation) profiles that may assist in its diagnosis and histological classification

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features, gene mutations, and distribution of bronchial adenoma (BA).Methods:Eighty-eight cases of BA diagnosed via routine section diagnosis between May 2015 and February 2024 were collected at the Pathology Departments of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University (71 cases), Shanghai, China and Jining No.1 People′s Hospital (17 cases), Jining, China. Clinical data, image features, histopathological sections, immunohistochemical stains, and genetic testing results were reviewed.Results:Among the 88 patients with BA, there were 36 males and 52 females. The incidence of proximal-type BA was the same in both genders (50%, 28/56), while distal-type BA was more commonly found in females (75%, 24/32, P=0.022). BA predominantly affected middle-aged and elderly adults, with an age range of 30-78 years (median, 61 years). Clinically, BA generally presented without obvious symptoms. Radiologically it mainly manifested as peripheral lung ground-glass nodules, mixed ground-glass nodules, or solid nodules, primarily located in the lower lobes of the lungs (72.7%, 64/88). Proximal-type BA was characterized by solid nodules (53.6%, 30/56), while distal-type BA by ground-glass nodules (56.3%, 18/32), with a statistically significant difference between the two types ( P<0.01). The tumor was non-encapsulated, with a gray-white cut surface, and some areas were gray-brown. In 18.2% (16/88) of cases, the cut surface was slippery, with soft to medium-firm consistency and poorly defined margins. The smooth texture was predominantly found in proximal-type BA (14/16), whose tumor diameters ranged from 0.2 to 4.6 cm. Microscopically, the lesions exhibited glandular, papillary, or relatively flat patterns, with the main cellular components consisting of basal cells, ciliated columnar cells, mucinous cells, and alveolar epithelial cells in various proportions. Proximal-type BA resembled the morphology of proximal bronchioles and commonly contained mucinous and ciliated cells, while distal-type BA typically lacked mucinous and ciliated cells. The frequency of ciliated cell micropapillae in proximal-type BA (64.3%, 36/56) was significantly higher than that in distal-type BA (31.3%, 10/32, P=0.003). The morphological manifestation of glandular duct dilation was more commonly noted in proximal-type BA (98.2%, 55/56) than that in distal-type BA (81.25%, 26/32, P=0.009). Overall, the disagreement rate between frozen-section and routine diagnoses was 19.5% (17/87). Immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin 5/6 (CK5/6) and p40 showed that basal cell continuity in proximal-type BA (82.1%, 46/56) was significantly higher than that in distal-type BA (56.2%, 18/32, P=0.009). Molecular testing showed an accumulative gene mutation rate of 60.5% (23/38) in BA, including mutations in BRAF V600E (34.2%, 13/38), KRAS (18.4%, 7/38), ALK (5.3%, 2/38), and EGFR (2.6%, 1/38). Proximal-type BA was associated with BRAF V600E mutations, while distal-type BA with KRAS mutations ( P=0.025). Conclusions:BA is a rare benign bronchial tumor and has a high diagnostic error-rate on intraoperative frozen section. Proximal-type BA often presents with ciliated cell micropapillae, which supports the diagnosis, while distal-type BA frequently shows a partial reduction or absence of basal cells, increasing the diagnostic difficulty. The different subtypes of BA exhibit distinct genetic (mutation) profiles that may assist in its diagnosis and histological classification

Objective:To understand the prevalence and related factors of three common chronic diseases, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes in HIV-infected persons.Methods:As of December 2023, HIV-infected persons >15 years old who are receiving antiviral therapy (ART) and follow-up in Henan Province were selected as the study objects. Questionnaires, physical examinations, and blood samples were collected to collect demographic information, ART, body weight, blood lipids, blood pressure, and blood sugar of HIV-infected persons. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors of hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes.Results:Among 4 023 HIV-infected patients, the prevalence rates of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes were 64.47% (2 594/4 023), 16.80% (676/4 023), and 10.54% (424/4 023), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that hyperlipidemia was positively associated with ≥40 years of age, overweight and obesity, two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + proteasome inhibitors (PIs) regimen and two NRTIs+ integrase inhibitor regimen, and negatively associated with low body weight. Hypertension was positively correlated with the age group ≥40 years old, family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, overweight and obesity, ART time ≥0.5 years, and negatively correlated with low body weight. Diabetes was positively associated with age group ≥40 years, family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, overweight and obesity, and negatively associated with the use of two NRTIs+PIs treatment regimens.Conclusions:In 2023, the prevalence of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes among HIV-infected people in Henan Province was relatively high, and the risk of common chronic diseases among those ≥40 years old, overweight and obese, and those with a family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was also relatively high. It is recommended to strengthen the prevention and management of common chronic diseases among HIV-infected people.

Objective:To understand the prevalence and related factors of three common chronic diseases, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes in HIV-infected persons.Methods:As of December 2023, HIV-infected persons >15 years old who are receiving antiviral therapy (ART) and follow-up in Henan Province were selected as the study objects. Questionnaires, physical examinations, and blood samples were collected to collect demographic information, ART, body weight, blood lipids, blood pressure, and blood sugar of HIV-infected persons. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors of hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes.Results:Among 4 023 HIV-infected patients, the prevalence rates of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes were 64.47% (2 594/4 023), 16.80% (676/4 023), and 10.54% (424/4 023), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that hyperlipidemia was positively associated with ≥40 years of age, overweight and obesity, two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + proteasome inhibitors (PIs) regimen and two NRTIs+ integrase inhibitor regimen, and negatively associated with low body weight. Hypertension was positively correlated with the age group ≥40 years old, family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, overweight and obesity, ART time ≥0.5 years, and negatively correlated with low body weight. Diabetes was positively associated with age group ≥40 years, family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, overweight and obesity, and negatively associated with the use of two NRTIs+PIs treatment regimens.Conclusions:In 2023, the prevalence of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes among HIV-infected people in Henan Province was relatively high, and the risk of common chronic diseases among those ≥40 years old, overweight and obese, and those with a family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was also relatively high. It is recommended to strengthen the prevention and management of common chronic diseases among HIV-infected people.

BACKGROUND: Numerous researches indicated that electromagnetic pulses (EMP) possessed advantages such as strong targeting, minimal side-effects and low treatment cost in tumor therapy, but its optimum parameters for treatment and the relationship between EMP and tumor-derived exosomes remains unclear. This study aims to clarify the effects of EMP with different parameters on the quantity and miRNA (microRNA) of exosomes secreted by human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells, providing beneficial reference for the clinical application of EMP and related research. METHODS: A549 cells were randomly divided into control group and different EMP radiation groups with respective intensity of 400, 600 and 800 kV/m. EMP was performed with 2000 pulses once, 20 Hz of repetition frequency and 120 ns of pulse width. A549 cells were radiated once per day for continuous 3 days. After radiation, exosomes were collected and identified; cell number was measured by trypan blue staining; the concentration of exosomes was measured by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA); the abundance of miRNAs was determined by miRNA sequencing. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the morphology and cell viability of A549 cells in radiation group was not different, but the quantity of exosomes in 400 or 800 kV/m radiation group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), in contrast with obvious increase in 600 kV/m radiation group (P<0.05). The abundance of exosomal miRNAs between control group and each EMP group was obviously different (P<0.05) and target genes of differentially abundant miRNAs enriched in different pathways. CONCLUSIONS Under the experimental condition, the quantity and miRNA abundance of exosomes could be changed by EMP radiation, which could further influence the function of tumor-derived exosomes.
Humans ; Exosomes/genetics* ; A549 Cells ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Cell Survival/radiation effects* ; Electromagnetic Fields

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the clinical characteristics of 71 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: The general data, epidemiological data, laboratory tests, imaging examinations, and treatment of 71 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Sixth People's Hospital of Zhengzhou from January 19, 2020 to March 3, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 71 COVID-19 patients, the ages were 4-84 (41.29±15.21) years, 38 (53.5%) patients were male, 33 (46.5%) were female, and 52 (73.2%) were in 22 clusters. The main clinical manifestations were fever (78.9%), cough (64.8%), and sputum (38.0%). The fever was mainly low and moderate, with 49 patients (69.0%) at 37.3-39.0 ℃. Most of the leukocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes were normal, accounting for 47 (66.2%), 51 (71.8%), and 51 (71.8%) patients, respectively; a few of them were decreased, accounting for 21 (29.6%), 16 (22.5%), and 20 (28.2%) patients, respectively. There were 38 (53.5%) and 31 (43.7%) patients with the decreased CD4 and CD8 T cell counts, respectively. There were 41 (57.7%), 38 (53.5%), 32 (45.1%), 26(36.6%), 22 (31.0%), 20 (28.2%), 14 (19.7%), 14 (19.7%), and 9 (12.7%) patients with the increased levels of C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, procalcitonin, fibrinogen,interleukin 6, lactate dehydrogenase,-dimer,alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase, respectively. Of the 71 patients, the lung was involved in 60 (84.5%) patients, the double lung was involved in 47 (66.2%) patients, and the single lung was involved in 13 (18.3%) patients. The course of the disease was long, and the time from symptom onset to the second severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid negative transformation was (17.22±6.34) days.There were no significant differences in the incubation period (=-0.453, >0.05), the complicates (χ=0.042, >0.05), and the time from symptom onset to diagnosis (=-1.330, >0.05) in patients between the non-severe group and the severe group. The onset age, gender, SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid negative time, lymphocyte count, -dimer, C-reactive protein, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase, calcium ion, CD4 T cell count, CD8 T cell count, calcitonin, procalcitonin, and troponin were significantly different between the severe group and the non-severe group (all <0.05). Among the 71 patients, 4 (5.6%) patients were mild, 59 (83.1%) were normal, and 8 (11.3%) were severe or critical. CONCLUSIONS The aggregation phenomenon of COVID-19 is obvious. Fever and cough are the main clinical manifestations. White blood cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in the most patients in the early onset are normal. Most COVID-19 patients are light and ordinary type, with good prognosis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Betacoronavirus ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Coronavirus Infections ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Cough ; virology ; Female ; Fever ; virology ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status of anxiety and depression in patients requiring emergency treatment during the epidemic of COVID-19 to identify the patients with acute psychological stress disorder. METHODS: During the COVID-19 epidemic, the medical staff divided the patients visiting the emergency department into suspected group, fever group and control group through interview of the patients at triage. Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were distributed to each patient, and a trained medical staff was responsible for assisting the patient to complete the scales. RESULTS: A total of 557 sets of scales were distributed, including 211 in suspected COVID-19 case group, 167 in fever group and 179 in the control group. A total of 516 scales were retrieved, including 197 in suspected case group, 151 in fever group and 168 in control group. In the 3 groups, the incidence rates of anxiety and depression were 57.87% and 58.88%, 48.34% and 43.71%, and 18.31% and 18.99%, respectively, and the rates were significantly higher in suspected group and fever group than in the control group ( < 0.01), and significantly higher in suspected group than in fever group ( < 0.05). The standardized anxiety and depression scale scores in suspected case group, fever group and control group were 57.38±16.25 and 42.58±14.27, 51.23±15.29 and 38.32±15.39, and 32.58±17.8 and 12.25±12.94, respectively. Compared with the control group, both suspected case group and fever group had significantly higher standard scores for anxiety and depression ( < 0.01), and suspected case group had significantly higher standardized scores than fever group ( < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Among the patients visiting the emergency treatment, the patients with suspected COVID-19 and common fever are more likely to develop anxiety and depressive symptoms.
Anxiety ; epidemiology ; Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Depression ; epidemiology ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; epidemiology ; psychology

Objective: To observe the expression of miR-488-5p in cervical cancer tissues and to explore its effect on the proliferation and migration of cervical cancer C33Acells. Methods: 12 pairs of cervical cancer tissues and corresponding paracancer tissues from patients, who underwent total hysterectomy at the Luoyang Central Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March 2017 to September 2017, were collected for this study; and the expression of miR-488-5p was detected by fluorescence quantitative and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Lipofectamine 3000 was used to transfect miR-488-5p (experiment group) and miR-NC (control group) into cervical cancer C33Acells. Cell cycle distribution was detected by Flow cytometry. Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK8 assay and Transwell assay was used to detect cell migration. Bioinformatics software was used to predict the possible target genes of miR-488-5p, and luciferase activity assay was used to verify the binding of miR-488-5p to target genes. The expressions of tumor endothelial marker 8 (TEM8) and downstream EGFR signaling pathway related proteins in two groups were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Results: The relative expression level of miR-488-5p in cervical cancer tissues (1.33±0.20) was significantly lower than that in paracancer tissues (3.68±0.45) (P<0.01). The relative expression level of miR-488-5p in the experimental group (25.23±3.11) was significantly higher than that in the control group (1.02±0.10) (P<0.01). The percentage of C33A cells at G0/G1 phase in experimental group (53.39±2.48)% was significantly higher than that in control group (39.57±1.21)% (P<0.01). When the culture time extended to 96 h and 120 h, the proliferation ability of C33Acells in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05), and the number of migrated cells in the experimental group (117.90±18.86) was significantly less than that in the control group (295.10±19.33) (P <0.01). Luciferase activity assay confirmed that miR-488-5p could directly bind with TEM8 and inhibit its expression (P<0.01). The relative expression of TEM8 mRNAin experimental group (0.42±0.06) was significantly lower than that in control group (1.00 ± 0.06) (P<0.01).After transfection with miR-488-5p for 48h, the protein expressions of TEM8, p-EGFR, p-ERK and pAKT were significantly lower than those in control group (P <0.01). Conclusion: The expression of miR-488-5p in cervical cancer tissues was decreased. Over-expression of miR-488-5p could inhibit the cell cycle progression of cervical cancer cells and reduce the proliferation and migration of cervical cancer cells. The mechanism may be related to the interference of TEM8 gene expression.

Objective-To-investigate-the-feasibility-of-total-laparoscopic-hysterectomy-for-complicated-hysteromyoma-,-such-as-broad-ligament-myoma,-lower-uterine-fibroids,-or-cervical-myoma.-Methods-From-December-2009-to-December-2012,-we-performed-laparoscopic-hysterectomy-on-166-patients-with-complicated-hysteromyoma-and-on-170-patients-with-common-hysteromyoma-.-The-operation-time-,-intraoperative-blood-loss-,-recovery-time-of-gastrointestinal-function-,-postoperative-morbidity-,-and-the-rate-of-conversion-to-laparotomy-were-compared-between-the-two-groups-respectively-.-Results-No-significant-differences-were-detected-in-operation-time-[(112.2-±15.3)-min-vs.(110.3-±16.1)-min,-t=1.088,-P=0.277],-intraoperative-blood-loss-[(117.0-±35.3)-ml-vs.(110.8-±37.8)-ml,-t=-1.525,-P=0.128],-recovery-time-of-gastrointestinal-function-[(20.8-±2.7)-h-vs.(21.3-±2.3)-h,-t=1.797,-P=0.073],-postoperative-morbidity-[6.3%(10/159)-vs.7.3%(12/165),χ2-=0.124,-P=0.725],-and-the-rate-of-conversion-to-laparotomy-(4.2%vs.2.9%,χ2-=0.397,-P=0.529)-between-the-two-groups-.Both-the-groups-were-followed-up-at-1,-2,-and-6-months-after-procedure-,-and-none-of-the-patients-showed-severe-postoperative-complications-.-Conclusions-Total-laparoscopic-hysterectomy-for-complicated-hysteromyoma-is-feasible-.To-prevent-complications-,-it-should-be-converted-to-laparotomy-timely-when-the-myoma-has-a-wide-base-or-is-located-at-lower-position-.