ObjectiveRetinal vein occlusion （RVO） is the second most common vascular disease leading to vision loss. Since its pathogenesis remains unclear， current Western medical treatments primarily target complications such as macular edema and neovascularization. The main therapeutic approaches include intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） agents or corticosteroids， laser photocoagulation， and pars plana vitrectomy. However， these treatments cannot fully reverse disease progression or structural damage. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has unique advantages in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of RVO， and integrated Chinese and Western medicine approaches may offer better clinical outcomes. This study， based on the clinical manifestations of RVO， systematically reviews the existing literature and evaluates the alignment of current RVO animal models with clinical manifestations. The aim is to identify the characteristics and limitations of existing models and provide recommendations and prospects for developing RVO animal models featuring the combination of disease and syndrome. MethodsDatabases including CNKI， Wanfang Data， PubMed， and Web of Science were searched with the keywords of "retinal vein occlusion" and "animal model". Model characteristics were assessed based on the diagnostic criteria for diseases and syndromes in both TCM and Western medicine. The alignment of each model with clinical manifestations was analyzed and evaluated. ResultsThe available RVO models were primarily established via methods such as laser photocoagulation， photodynamic therapy， diathermy， intravitreal drug injection， and mechanical modeling. These models demonstrated moderate overall alignment with clinical manifestations， mainly reflecting disease characteristics. However， they generally lack representation of TCM syndrome features. ConclusionExisting RVO models are predominantly based on Western medicine and lack TCM syndrome features. Western medical treatments for RVO have certain limitations， while syndrome differentiation and treatment in TCM offer potential advantages. Future research should focus on developing disease-syndrome integrated animal models that incorporate both pathological features and TCM syndrome characteristics. This approach will enhance the design of RVO models and facilitate both basic and clinical research， which make it a scientifically valuable and necessary endeavor.

ObjectiveRetinal vein occlusion （RVO） is the second most common vascular disease leading to vision loss. Since its pathogenesis remains unclear， current Western medical treatments primarily target complications such as macular edema and neovascularization. The main therapeutic approaches include intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） agents or corticosteroids， laser photocoagulation， and pars plana vitrectomy. However， these treatments cannot fully reverse disease progression or structural damage. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has unique advantages in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of RVO， and integrated Chinese and Western medicine approaches may offer better clinical outcomes. This study， based on the clinical manifestations of RVO， systematically reviews the existing literature and evaluates the alignment of current RVO animal models with clinical manifestations. The aim is to identify the characteristics and limitations of existing models and provide recommendations and prospects for developing RVO animal models featuring the combination of disease and syndrome. MethodsDatabases including CNKI， Wanfang Data， PubMed， and Web of Science were searched with the keywords of "retinal vein occlusion" and "animal model". Model characteristics were assessed based on the diagnostic criteria for diseases and syndromes in both TCM and Western medicine. The alignment of each model with clinical manifestations was analyzed and evaluated. ResultsThe available RVO models were primarily established via methods such as laser photocoagulation， photodynamic therapy， diathermy， intravitreal drug injection， and mechanical modeling. These models demonstrated moderate overall alignment with clinical manifestations， mainly reflecting disease characteristics. However， they generally lack representation of TCM syndrome features. ConclusionExisting RVO models are predominantly based on Western medicine and lack TCM syndrome features. Western medical treatments for RVO have certain limitations， while syndrome differentiation and treatment in TCM offer potential advantages. Future research should focus on developing disease-syndrome integrated animal models that incorporate both pathological features and TCM syndrome characteristics. This approach will enhance the design of RVO models and facilitate both basic and clinical research， which make it a scientifically valuable and necessary endeavor.

Objective: To assess the dynamic changes of microcirculation at acupoints in patients with primary dysmenorrhea and cold congelation and blood stasis syndrome using laser speckle blood flow imaging. Methods: Patients with primary dysmenorrhea and cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome (primary dysmenorrhea group, n=53) and healthy female college students(control group, n=57) who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from October 2020 to July 2022 were enrolled at Hebei University of Chinese Medicine. On the premenstrual and first day of menstruation, a laser speckle blood flow imaging system was used to measure the microcirculation blood flow perfusion on the surface of acupoints related to the conception, thoroughfare, and governor vessels, and stomach, spleen, and bladder meridians in the abdomen and lumbosacral regions. The dynamic changes in microcirculation were calculated based on the difference in average blood flow perfusion at each acupoint before and after menstruation. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of dynamic changes in microcirculation on the surface of each acupoint. The microcirculation sensitization rate of acupoints was calculated. Results: Compared with the control group, the dynamic changes in microcirculation at the following acupoints in the primary dysmenorrhea group were increased (P<0.05): conception vessel (Yinjiao[CV7], Qihai[CV6], Shimen[CV5], Guanyuan[CV4]); left thoroughfare vessel (left Huangshu[KI16], left Zhongzhu[KI15], left Siman[KI14], left Qixue[KI13], left Dahe[KI12], left Henggu[KI11]); left stomach meridian (left Tianshu[ST25], left Wailing[ST26], left Qichong[ST30]); left spleen meridian (left Daheng[SP15], left Fujie[SP14]); right thoroughfare vessel (right Huangshu[KI16], right Zhongzhu[KI15], right Siman[KI14], right Qixue[KI13], right Dahe[KI12], right Henggu[KI11]); right stomach meridian (right Wailing[ST26], right Daju[ST27], right Shuidao[ST28], right Guilai[ST29], right Qichong[ST30]); and right spleen meridian (right Fujie[SP14]). The area under the ROC curve of conception vessel (Yinjiao[CV7], Qihai[CV6], Shimen[CV5], Guanyuan[CV4]), thoroughfare vessel (right Siman[KI14], left Huangshu[KI16], right Qixue[KI13], right Zhongzhu[KI15], right Dahe[KI12], left Zhongzhu[KI15], left Siman[KI14], right Huangshu[KI16], left Qixue[KI13], right Henggu[KI11], left Henggu[KI11], left Dahe[KI12]); stomach meridian (left Tianshu[ST25], right Guilai[ST29], left Wailing[ST26], right Shuidao[ST28], right Daju[ST27], right Wailing[ST26], right Qichong[ST30], left Qichong[ST30]), and spleen meridian (left Daheng[SP15], left Fujie[SP14], right Fujie[SP14]) was 0.610-0.682 (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the sensitization rate of some acupoints in the primary dysmenorrhea group increased (P<0.05). Conclusion With the onset of menstruation, the blood flow perfusion of some acupoints in the abdomen (thoroughfare, and conception vessels, and stomach and spleen meridians) of patients with primary dysmenorrhea and cold blood coagulation and blood stasis syndrome increased, and the status of acupoints changed from a resting state to an active state. These acupoints are sensitive in patients with primary dysmenorrhea and cold blood coagulation and blood stasis syndrome and have a certain diagnostic efficacy, providing a basis for further analyzing the efficacy and mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion to treat primary dysmenorrhea with cold blood coagulation and blood stasis syndrome.

Objective Methyltransferase 3(METTL3)mediated N6-methyladenosine(m6A)methylation modifica-tion of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7(TRPM7)regulates ferroptosis and malig-nant progression in cervical cancer(CESC).Methods Totally 40 patients with cervical cancer were collected.Cer-vical cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues(≥3 cm from the edge of the tumor tissue)were sampled at opera-tion and then divided into experimental group and control group,respectively.RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the differences in TRPM7 mRNA and protein expression between the two groups.TRPM7-interfering cell lines were constructed to investigate the effects of TRPM7 on CESC cells.Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU)assay and flow cytometry,respectively.Transwell chamber assays were employed to evaluate cell invasion and migration capabilities.The levels of ferroptosis in CESC cells were measured using kits for reactive oxygen species(ROS),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH),and Fe2+.Bioinformatics tools were utilized to predict methyltransferases associated with TRPM7.The interaction between METTL3 and TRPM7 was examined through RNA immunoprecipitation(RIP)and methylated RNA immunoprecip-itation quantitative PCR(Me-RIP qPCR).The effect of METTL3 on the stability of TRPM7 expression was assessed using actinomycin D assay.Results TRPM7 was highly expressed in CESC tissue and cells.Knockdown of TRPM7 significantly inhibited cell proliferation,promoted cell apoptosis,suppressed cell migration and invasion capabilities,and enhanced ferroptosis levels(P＜0.05).Bioinformatics predictions suggested that METTL3 might act as a methyltransferase for TRPM7.Interference with METTL3 gene expression significantly reduced TRPM7 pro-tein levels,decreased TRPM7 m6A modification levels,and impaired TRPM7 gene stability(P＜0.05).Conclusions METTL3 regulates CESC proliferation,apoptosis,migration,invasion,and ferroptosis by m6A meth-ylation modification of the TRPM7 gene.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Jiawei Dihuang Decoction in the treatment of vascular dementia(VD);To explore its mechanism and the VD susceptibility genesby using whole exome sequencing.Methods A total of 75 patients with VD who were hospitalized or received outpatient treatment at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine were included.They were divided into the control group(37 cases,treated with conventional Western medicine)and the experimental group(38 cases,treated with conventional Western medicine+Jiawei Dihuang Decoction)using random number table method.The treatment course was 3 months.The general data,TCM syndrome scores,MMSE scores,ADL scores,Blessed scores and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Peripheral blood samples from 36 patients with kidney-yin deficiency type VD were selected for whole exome sequencing.Susceptible genes were screened,and the targets of Jiawei Dihuang Decoction were analyzed by network pharmacology.A"drug-gene"network was constructed,and key pathways were enriched.Results There was no statistical significance in the baseline data between the two groups(P>0.05),and they were comparable.Compared with before treatment,the MMSE scores of patients in both groups significantly increased after treatment,while TCM syndrome scores and ADL scores significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the TCM syndrome scores,MMSE scores,ADL scores and clinical efficacy of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group(P<0.05).Moreover,the Blessed score showed that the experimental group had more advantages in improving the patients'living ability and daily habits(P<0.05).No adverse reactions were observed in both groups during the treatment period.A total of 1 250 744 single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)loci and 37 314 insertion and deletion(InDel)loci were detected by whole exome sequencing.After screening,3 041 VD susceptibility genes were obtained.It was found that they were involved in biological processes such as the response to nutrient levels,positive regulation of the MAPK cascade,vascular processes in the circulatory system,the response to nutrients,etc.And enriched in PI3K-Akt,cholinergic/glutamatergic synapses,lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis pathways.The potential targets of 854 of Jiawei Dihuang Decoction were intersected with the susceptibility genes to obtain 353 common targets.The top 10 key genes were analyzed and found to be involved in positive regulation of cytosine-serine phosphorylation,miRNA-mediated gene silencing regulation,and the response of cells to decreased oxygen levels,etc.They were enriched in PI3K-Akt,lipid and atherosclerosis signaling pathways.Conclusion Jiawei Dihuang Decoction can alleviate the symptoms of patients with VD,protect cognitive function,enhance their ability of daily living,and has good safety profile.Its mechanism may involve regulating susceptibility genes through PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and lipid atherosclerosis signaling pathway,and improving lipid metabolism,inflammatory response and oxidative stress.

Objective To explore the correlation between serum hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)levels and cerebral microbleeds(CMBs)and cognitive impairment and to assess the predictive value of HIF-1α for CSVD-related cognitive impairment.Methods A total of 104 patients with CSVD who attended the Department of Neurology,First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from June 2022 to November 2023 were enrolled.All enrolled patients were subjected to basic statistics,cranial nuclear magnetic resonance examination,cognitive function assessment,and serum HIF-1α test,and the number and location of CMBs were counted.Based on the above data the enrolled patients were grouped.The correlation between HIF-1α and cognitive function and CMBs was studied the influencing factors of CMBs and cognitive impairment were analyzed,and the predictive value of HIF-1α on the occurrence of cognitive impairment was evaluated.Results There were statistically significant differences in HIF-1α levels and cognitive function among different CMBs groups.Serum HIF-1α levels were significantly negatively correlated with overall cognitive function,visuospatial and executive function,attention,and delayed recall,and serum HIF-1α was positively correlated with the number of CMBs.HIF-1α may be a risk factor for CMBs and cognitive impairment associated with CSVD,and serum HIF-1α has potential in predict the cognitive impairment caused by CSVD.Conclusion Serum levels of HIF-1α were associated with the number of CMB and CSVD-related cognitive impairment,and serum levels of HIF-1α may have a predictive value for CSVD-related cognitive impairment.

As the base of the three-tier rural health service network,primary health-care institutions are facing major bottlenecks,such as mismatches with residents'health service needs,shrinking capacity and serious patient losses.The formation of supply and demand service'stickiness'is a key path to promote patient primary care,maintain the sustainable development of the primary health service system,and improve the health of rural residents from a micro perspective,and it is also an important means to address the many challenges of the development of rural primary health care in the new era.Through the case study of X Township Health Center in Qianjiang District,Chongqing,this study found that the health centre was once caught in the difficulties of patient outflow,backward assessment and development restrictions,but in recent years,the institution has turned passivity into initiative,and gradually formed the service'stickiness'between supply and demand by optimizing the service contact process and improving the perceived quality of the residents.The formation of supply and demand'stickiness'is not only conducive to the retention of patients and the enhancement of health management,but also increases the income of primary health care institutions and promotes their sustainable development,which provides valuable practical experience for the transformation and development of primary health care.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease mice.Methods Transgenic negative mice were designated as the normal group,while APP/PS1 double transgenic mice were randomly divided into six groups(ni=6 per group):model group,low-dose Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula group,medium-dose group,high-dose group,and positive drug group.The Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula low-,medium-,high-dose groups correspondingly received intragastric administration of 0.75,1.5,and 3 g·kg-1·d-1,respectively.The positive drug group received 2 mg·kg-1·d-1 donepezil hydrochloride tablets,while the model and normal groups received equal volumes of saline.All groups were treated once daily for 8 weeks.Behavioral tests were conducted using the Morris water maze and Y-maze.Hippocampal β-amyloid(Aβ)1-42 level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Hippocampal CA1 and CA3 neurons were observed hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,and Nissl bodies were examined Nissl staining.Protein expression levels of Aβ transporter low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1(LRP-1)and endoplasmic reticulum stress marker glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78)were detected by Western Blot analysis.Results(1)Compared with the normal group,the model group showed significantly prolonged escape latency(P＜0.000 1),reduced platform crossings,decreased movement distance and time around the platform of Morris water maze test(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),significantly lower spontaneous alternation percentage in Y-maze test(P＜0.05),and significantly elevated hippocampal Aβ1-42 level(P＜0.000 1).Compared with the model group,all Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula dose groups and the positive drug group exhibited significantly shortened escape latency of Morris water maze test(P＜0.000 1).The high-dose Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula group and positive drug group showed significantly increased platform crossings,movement distance and time around the platform of Morris water maze test(P＜0.05),significantly higher spontaneous alternation percentage in Y-maze test(P＜0.05).All Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula dose groups and the positive drug group showed significantly reduced hippocampal Aβ1-42 level(P＜0.000 1).(2)Compared with the normal group,the model group exhibited disordered and deformed hippocampal neurons and Nissl bodies.Compared with the model group,all Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula groups and positive drug group showed improved neuronal and Nissl body organization,with the improvement degree positively correlated with dosage.(3)Compared with the normal group,the model group showed decreased LRP1 level and increased GRP78 level,but there were no statistically significant differences(P＞0.05).Compared with the model group,the high-dose Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula group and positive drug group showed increased LRP1 level,while all Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula dose groups and positive drug group exhibited decreased GRP78 level,but there were no statistically significant differences(P＞0.05).Conclusion Yuyin Qianyang Tongluo Formula significantly improves cognitive and memory function in model mice in a dose-dependent manner,potentially through reducing Aβ aggregation in the brain via endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.

BACKGROUND:How to improve the expansion of cells,reduce cell loss,increase homing rate and reduce apoptosis is the main problem in the preclinical research of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.Ginsenoside Rg1 can promote the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in different microenvironments in vitro or in vivo,which may be a candidate drug to improve the efficiency of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells co-culture combined with ginsenoside Rg1 on pentobarbital sodium induced heart failure cell model.METHODS:H9C2 cells were divided into five groups:Control group,pentobarbital sodium group,human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell group,ginsenoside Rg1 group,and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell+ginsenoside Rg1 group.H9C2 cells in the control group were cultured in normal DMEM for 24 hours.H9C2 cells in the other groups were cultured in DMEM containing 0.8％pentobarbital sodium for 7 minutes to establish a heart failure cell model.After modeling,above models were treated with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,ginsenoside Rg1,or their combination.CCK-8 assay and EdU staining were used to detect cell proliferation.TUNEL assay was used to detect cell apoptosis.Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activities were detected according to kit instructions.The mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor α,interleukin 1β,and interleukin 6 in the supernatant were determined by ELISA.The mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor α,interleukin 1β,interleukin 6,Bax,and Bcl2 in the cells were determined by RT-qPCR.The protein levels of Bax,Bcl2,Toll-like receptor 4,p65,and p-p65 were determined by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the pentobarbital sodium group,H9C2 cell viability and EdU positive rate were increased;TUNEL positive rate and Bax mRNA and protein expression were decreased,and Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression were increased;Na+-K+-ATPase activity decreased;Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity increased;tumor necrosis factor α,interleukin-1β,and interleukin-6 levels decreased in H9C2 cell supernatant,and tumor necrosis factor α,interleukin-1β,and interleukin-6 mRNA expression decreased in H9C2 cells;the expression of toll-like receptor 4 and P-P65 protein decreased with significant difference in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell group,ginsenoside Rg1 group and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell+ginsenoside Rg1 group(P＜0.05).(2)Compared with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell group and ginsenoside Rg1 group,the above indexes in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells+ginsenoside Rg1 group were further improved(P＜0.05).The results showed that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells combined with ginsenoside Rg1 promoted the viability of heart failure cells induced by pentobarbital sodium and inhibited inflammation mediated by the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor κB pathway.

Objective:To evaluate the training efficacy of the autonomic nervous system stability assessing and enhancing capsule (hereinafter referred to as the EC), and to study the difference in physiological indicators for autonomic nervous system stability training between the EC and a non-capsule environment.Methods:A total of 1 478 male military pilots under autonomic nervous system stability training between February 2022 and February 2024 were selected before they completed training sessions in both the EC and a non-capsule environment. The pre-training time-domain and frequency-domain indices of heart rate variability (HRV) and the 0.1 Hz index were compared with the post-training ones, and across difficulty levels (low, moderate, and high). The difference that the EC made in relaxation training was analyzed.Results:①Time-domain indices of HRV were of statistical significance in the main effects of training difficulty, those of training environments, and their interactions ( F=4.40-160.80, all P<0.05 or 0.01). Simple effect analysis revealed that in the same phase of training the standard deviation of all NN intervals (SDNN) at the low level of difficulty in the EC was lower than in the non-capsule environment. However, all time-domain indices after training were higher in the EC than in the non-capsule environment. The differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05 or 0.01).②For frequency-domain HRV indices, significant differences were observed in both the main effect of training difficulty and the interactions ( F=4.40-1 524.33, all P<0.01). Very low frequency power (VLF), high frequency (HF), the ratio of low frequency to high frequency (LF/HF), normalized low frequency (LFnorm), and normalized high frequency (HFnorm) were significantly different in the main effect of training environments ( F=4.24, 12.00, 6.91, 23.39, 23.39, P=0.040, <0.001, =0.009, <0.001, <0.001). Simple effect analysis revealed that at the same level of training difficulty, the EC delivered significantly lower values of LF and LFnorm but higher values of HF and HFnorm than the non-capsule environment before training (all P<0.05). VLF across levels of training difficulty and LF/HF at the high level of difficulty level were significantly lower in the EC than in the non-capsule environment. After training, total power, VLF, LF, HF, and HFnorm were significantly higher in the EC than in the non-capsule environment, but LF/HF and LFnorm were significantly lower (all P<0.05). ③For the 0.1 Hz index, significant differences were observed in both the main effect of training difficulty and the interactions ( F=2 147.75, 6.63, both P<0.001). Subsequent simple effect analysis revealed that at the same level of training difficulty, 0.1 Hz indices of pilots in the EC were lower than in the non-capsule environment before and after training (all P<0.01). Conclusions:During the autonomic nervous system stability training, the EC can effectively and quickly regulate and alleviate pilots′ fatigue and stress. Furthermore, it provides sustained autonomic nervous system training, thereby stabilizing pilots′ autonomic nervous system.