The escalating phenomenon of global population aging is posing multi-dimensional challenges to society, the economy and medical healthcare system.Among the significant health threats to the elderly population are cardiovascular diseases(CVD)and cognitive frailty(CF), both of which profoundly affect the quality of life and increase the risks of adverse health outcomes, including disability, hospitalization, and death.The concurrent presence of CVD and CF in elderly patients is prevalent, as these conditions share many common risk factors and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, such as atherosclerosis, microcirculation dysfunction, and inflammation, which interact to perpetuate a vicious cycle.Notably, CF exhibits a certain degree of reversibility; thus, the implementation of a diagnosis and treatment paradigm that incorporates "comprehensive geriatric assessment and geriatric interdisciplinary teams" should be established as a conventional management strategy for elderly patients affected by both CVD and CF.Cognitive digital therapeutics, along with personalized exercise prescriptions based on cardiopulmonary exercise tests, may represent more appropriate precision interventions for these patients.Consequently, there is a necessity for further in-depth research in this area moving forward.

The escalating phenomenon of global population aging is posing multi-dimensional challenges to society, the economy and medical healthcare system.Among the significant health threats to the elderly population are cardiovascular diseases(CVD)and cognitive frailty(CF), both of which profoundly affect the quality of life and increase the risks of adverse health outcomes, including disability, hospitalization, and death.The concurrent presence of CVD and CF in elderly patients is prevalent, as these conditions share many common risk factors and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, such as atherosclerosis, microcirculation dysfunction, and inflammation, which interact to perpetuate a vicious cycle.Notably, CF exhibits a certain degree of reversibility; thus, the implementation of a diagnosis and treatment paradigm that incorporates "comprehensive geriatric assessment and geriatric interdisciplinary teams" should be established as a conventional management strategy for elderly patients affected by both CVD and CF.Cognitive digital therapeutics, along with personalized exercise prescriptions based on cardiopulmonary exercise tests, may represent more appropriate precision interventions for these patients.Consequently, there is a necessity for further in-depth research in this area moving forward.

Objective To study the effects of geniposide(Gen)on the injury of human neuroblastoma cell SH-SY5Y induced by oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R)and its mechanism.Methods SH-SY5Y cells were divided into control group,OGD/R group,low medium and high concentration groups of Gen(12.5,25,50 μmol·L-1).Except the control group,OGD/R injury models were established in other groups,and different concentrations of Gen were used for intervention.Cell proliferation activity was detected by CCK-8 assay.The levels of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malonaldehyde(MDA)and glutathione(GSH)in cell supernatant were detected by biochemical method.The intracellular Fe2+ level was detected by colorimetry.The level of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in cells was detected by flow cytometry.The protein expression levels of glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11)and transferrin receptor 1(TFR1)in cells were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the control group,LDH release rate,MDA content,Fe2+ level,ROS level and TFR1 expression level in OGD/R group were significantly increased(P<0.05),while cell proliferation activity,SOD activity,GSH level,SLC7A11 and GPX4 expression levels were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the OGD/R group,the LDH release rate,MDA content,Fe2+ level,ROS level and TFR1 expression level of cells in each concentration group of Gen decreased significantly(P<0.05),while cell proliferation activity,SOD activity,GSH level,SLC7A11 and GPX4 expression levels increased significantly(P<0.05),especially in H-Gen group.Conclusion Gen can inhibit oxidative stress and ferroptosis of SH-SY5Y cells induced by OGD/R,and its mechanism may be related to the activation of SLC7A11/GPX4 signal pathway.

Objective To investigate the relationship between CYP 2C19 gene polymorphisms and clopidogrel efficacy in coronary heart disease patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods From January 2016 to December 2017,62 patients with acute coronary syndromes and treated with PCI in Guizhou Aerospace Hospital were recruited, CYP2C19 genotype, ADP －induced platelet aggregation rate and myocardial enzymes and other indicators were detected before operation .The myocardial enzymes were measured 24 hours after PCI.According to different metabolic types,the patients were grouped,the above indicators were compared.Results The CYP2C19*1/*1 was 37.10%,CYP2C19*1/*2 was 35.48%,CYP2C19*1/*3 was 11.29%,CYP2C19*2/*2 was 12.90%,CYP2C19*2/*3 was 3.23% and CYP2C19*3/*3 was 0.00%.The LDH,AST,CK,CK－MB and α－HBDH in the PCI patients after operation were significantly higher than those before operation (t＝0.019,0.040, 0.044,0.022,0.014,all P＜0.05).But ADP induced platelet aggregation rate and myocardial enzymes and other indicators among fast metabolism group,intermediate metabolic group and slow metabolic group had no statistically significant differences (all P ＞0.05).Conclusion CYP2C19 mutation frequency in the Chinese population is relatively large,the sample size of this study is less ,the relationship between clopidogrel resistance and the specific genotype can not be obtained ,it need to increase the sample size and comprehensive multi －factor consideration .

Objective The use of in vivo cryotechnique (IVCT) in combination with electrocardiograph (ECG) to study cardiac microcirculation under different hemodynamic conditions in living mouse.Methods Living mouse heart monitored by electrocardiograph was suffered from IVCT and freezing substitution under normal blood flow,myocardial ischemia or cardiac arrest conditions.Hematoxylin eosin (HE)staining,Schiff's staining and immunofluorescence staining for serum albumin,immunoglobulin were utilized on continuous paraffin sections,respectively.Confocal microscopy and statistical analyses were used.Results Comparing with normal hemodynamics,microvascular red cell volume reduction,morphology changed,myocardial cell glycogen loss,serum albumin ectopic distribution to myocardial cytoplasm,T tubular network failure and spacing width were happened in myocardial iscbemia condition; different shapes of red blood cells,myocardial cells glycogen deficiency,T tubular network failure and interval narrowing were found under cardiac arrest conditions.Conclusions Cardiac microcirculation,pathological changes of myocyte and its surrounding microenviroument in living mouse heart can be immediately captured in situ by the application of IVCT and ECG.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the reasons,occurrence mechanisms,as well as prevention methods for complications following cerebrovascular stent implantation.METHODS:A computer-based online search was performed by the first author.The databases of Medline and CNKI were searched with year's limitation of 1989-2009.According to the inclusive and exclusive criteria,the documents were screened,collected and evaluated from the following aspects:treating progress of cerebrovascular stent implantation;category and biocompatibility of cerebrovascular stent;as well as occurrence and prevention methods for complication following cerebrovascular stent implantation.RESULTS:A series of complications,such as carotid sinus response,hyper-perfusion syndrome,cerebral anglo spasm,bleeding at puncture locus,thrombosis,restenosis,as well as cerebral ischemia,would occur following cerebrovascular stent implantation.The complications were difficult to eliminate,but should be avoided by selecting correct implanting cases,elevating operator's proficiency,enhancing understanding of complications,obeying perioperative management,as well as correctly and in-time treatment.Polymer stent,coating stent,and drug eluting stent presented superior biocompatibility to metal stent,which could prevent restenosis following implantation.CONCLUSION:Cerebrovascular stent implantation is one of the main treatments for cerebrovascular disease.Polymer stent,coating stent,and drug eluting stent exhibit excellent biocompatibility.The complications associate to stent implantation are preventable and remediable via sufficient preoperatively preparation,exactly operation and perioperative management.

Objective To explore the effects of gait training with an alternative gait orthosis (AGO) on the neurogenic bladders of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Method Twelve patients with complete SCI at the thoracic and lumbar level were trained for 8 weeks on motor and bladder function. After that, specific gait training with an AGO was given for another 8 weeks. American Spinal Injury Association ( ASIA ) sensation and motor function assessments were done before and after the gait training with the AGO, and bladder capacity, residual urine and urine flow rates were also assessed. Results Compared with pre-treatment there was no significant difference in average ASIA senzsation and motor scores after training, but the maximum rate of urine flow, average urine volume and single urination had significantly increased and residual urine volume had significantly decreased. Conclusions Therapeutic gait training with an AGO can improve bladder function after SCI.