Objective: To explore effects and maintenance of school based sexual abuse prevention programs for minors, so as to provide scientific evidences for optimizing intervention design and policy making. Methods: Six Chinese and English databases were searched, including CNKI, Wanfang Database, Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science, with the time frame set from database inception to December 31, 2024. Studies on school based sexual abuse prevention programs for minors were selected, and data on knowledge, attitudes and skills related to sexual abuse prevention were extracted. Meta analysis was performed using Stata 17. Results: A total of 26 studies were included. The Meta analysis results showed that school based sexual abuse prevention programs improved participants knowledge ( SMD=1.24, 95%CI =0.96-1.52), attitudes ( SMD=0.62, 95%CI =0.19-1.04) and skills ( SMD=0.66, 95%CI =0.50-0.83) (all P <0.01). During the overall follow up, the maintenance rates for knowledge, attitudes, and skills were 0.97(95% CI =0.95-1.00), 0.99(95% CI =0.95-1.04) and 1.01(95% CI =0.99-1.04), respectively, with no statistically significant differences (all P >0.05). However, knowledge retention declined significantly when follow up exceeded three months ( R=0.91, 95%CI=0.83-0.99, P <0.01), while skills retention ( R=0.94, 95%CI=0.87-1.02, P = 0.23) remained higher than knowledge and attitudes ( R=0.98, 95%CI=0.96-1.00, P =0.13), demonstrating stronger long term effects. Conclusion School based sexual abuse prevention programs are effective in enhancing participants knowledge, attitudes and skills, but the intervention effects diminish over time, particularly in knowledge retention.

Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) exhibits elevated expression levels in a variety of cancers and has emerged as a critical target for cancer therapy in recent years. However, first-generation PRMT5 inhibitors have exhibited inadequate selectivity, leading to significant hematological toxicity, thus limiting their clinical utility. The second-generation PRMT5 inhibitors have shown marked improvement in safety and efficacy by selectively targeting MTAP-null tumor cells without impacting normal cells. This review systematically summarizes the biological and functional roles of PRMT5 in MTAP-deficient tumor cells, and comprehensively analyzes the research and development process, molecular binding mechanisms, and the latest advancements in clinical trials of the five second-generation PRMT5 inhibitors currently under investigation, aiming to provide valuable insights for further in-depth studies in this field.

Objective To compare the technical indicators and clinical effect of catheter-directed thrombolysis(CDT)via two types of non-popliteal venous access in the treatment of acute mixed-type lower extremity deep vein thrombosis(DVT).Methods The clinical data of 119 patients with acute mixed-type lower extremity DVT,who were admitted to the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and the Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University of China to receive CDT treatment from January 2016 to June 2022,were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 119 patients,CDT via deep calf vein access was carries out in 45(calf vein group)and CDT via healthy-side femoral venous access was performed in 74(femoral vein group).The success rate of vascular puncture,success rate of catheterization technique,number of successful CDT venous puncturing,time spent for sheath placement,time spent for catheterization,thrombolysis time,used amount of thrombolytic agent and associated complications(including vein puncturing and anticoagulant thrombolysis-related complications),the thrombolytic effect of different anatomical segments,and the clinical efficacy during the follow-up period for at least 12 months were compared between the two groups.Results Successful catheterization via deep calf vein access and via healthy-side femoral vein access was obtained in 31 and 58 CDT patients respectively,with a technical success rate of 68.89％(31/45)and 78.38％(58/74)respectively,the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant(P=0.248).In 26 patients(67.74％)of the calf vein group,more than two times of puncturing were needed before the sheath placement could be successfully achieved.The time spent for sheath placement in the femoral vein group was(1.84±0.87)min,which was remarkably shorter than(10.52+6.13)min in the calf vein group(P＜0.001),but the time spent for catheterization in the femoral vein group was(41.60±13.31)min,which was obviously longer than(20.06+4.46)min in the calf vein group(P＜0.001).The thrombolysis time in the femoral vein group and the calf vein group was(5.34+1.43)days and(5.06±1.18)days respectively(P=0.354),and the used amount of thrombolytic agent in the femoral vein group was(352.16±71.98)×104 U,which was prominently larger than(284.68±77.64)× 104 U in the calf vein group(P＜0.001).The last follow-up check showed that the patency rate of the popliteal vein in the calf vein group was significantly higher than that in the femoral vein group(P=0.037).No statistically significant differences in the incidence of post-thrombotic syndrome(PTS)and the mean VEINES-QOL/Sym scores existed between the two groups(all P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with CDT via healthy-side femoral vein access,CDT via deep calf vein access can better remove the thrombus in the popliteal vein and superficial femoral vein,and improve the femoropopliteal vein patency rate,although it has no obvious advantages in reducing the occurrence of PTS and in improving the VEINES-QOL/Sym score,moreover,the deep calf vein puncture and sheath placement require a high-level technique.

Objective To make a comprehensive review about transitional care practice for patients receiving percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD)and to analyze the current transitional care contents and evaluation indexes so as to provide guidance for improving the quality of transitional care services for discharged patients carrying a PTBD tube.Methods A scoping review study design was used to conduct a computerized retrieval of academic papers concerning the transitional care practice for discharged patients carrying a PTBD tube from the databases of PubMed,WOS Core Collection,CINAHL,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,VIP,Wanfang med online,and Sinomed.The retrieval time period was from the establishment of the database to August 20,2024.Two investigators independently screened the literature to determine the studies to be included and the relevant information to be extracted.Results A total of 18 papers were enrolled in this study.The transitional care ways included telephone follow-up,home visit,online platform follow-up,and outpatient clinic follow-up.The intervention contents extended from in-hospital to out-of-hospital for up to 6 months.The evaluation indexes focused on the patient's knowledge about PTBD tube,the incidence of tube-related complications,the satisfaction with care,self-care ability,etc.Conclusion At present,the transitional care for discharged patients carrying a PTBD tube has a variety of content elements,which can improve the self-care ability and quality of life of the discharged patients carrying a PTBD tube to a certain extent,although more individualized transitional care modes need to be further explored.The evaluation indexes are mainly the outcome assessment of PTBD tube care.It is necessary to strengthen the quality supervision of organizational structure and nursing process.

Clinical practice guideline adaptation (hereinafter referred to as "guideline adaptation") is the consolidation and revision of existing high-quality guidelines so that the recommendations are better suited to the specific needs of different regions, thereby guiding optimal clinical practice. Currently, the guideline adaptations is increasing in number internationally, but their reporting quality still needs to be improved. In 2022, the RIGHT-Ad@pt guideline adaptation reporting checklist was released. It provides a detailed description of the guideline adaptation process and reporting content, which will significantly enhance the rigor, transparency, and standardization of guideline adaptations. This paper interprets and analyzes the 34 items on the checklist, with the aim of providing reference for guideline adapters to standardize the reporting process.

Liver transplantation, the only effective treatment for end stage liver disease, is characterized by complicated surgery, long surgery time, and high trauma. Patients may experience a variety of difficulties following surgery, including infection, abdominal bleeding and rejection, all of which directly affect the quality of rehabilitation. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS), a novel perioperative management strategy, can effectively promote postoperative recovery of patients and has been extensively implemented in various fields of surgery. However, there are no scientific and universal ERAS protocols in the fields of liver transplantation in China. The first Consensus Recommendations of Enhanced Recovery for Liver Transplantation was issued by the International Liver Transplantation Society in December 2022, offering recommendations about ERAS strategies for liver transplantation recipients who receive deceased and living organ donations, and for living donors of liver transplantation. This paper provides a detailed interpretation of the key points to offer a practical reference for domestic liver transplantation perioperative ERAS management.

The emergence of high virulent mutant strains of infectious bursal disease virus(IBDV)becomes a serious threat to the poultry industry.However,the live attenuated IBDV vaccine can potentially revert to a virulent strain.Therefore,it is a necessary to develop safe and effective IB-DV-associated vaccines.The construction of a recombinant Marek's disease(MD)vaccine strain,CVI988,expressing the IBDV VP2 protein,can protect against disease induced by both IBDV and Marek's disease virus(MDV).Here,the IBDV-VP2 gene was integrated into the UL55 locus of CVI988 by bacterial artificial chromosome(BAC)technique,resulting in the recombinant virus CVI988 BAC-VP2.The recombinant virus was characterized by PCR,IFA and subsequently the bi-ological properties of the recombinant virus were investigated.The results showed that the recom-binant virus CVI988 BAC-VP2 was successfully rescued.The VP2 protein stably expressed in chick-en embryo fibroblasts(CEF).The growth kinetics and plague size assays showed that there was comparable replication ability between recombinant virus and parental virus.This study provides the basis for the development of a low-cost vaccine against both IBDV and MDV infections.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Postpartum visit are maternal and child health services provided by primary care workers at the homes of postpartum women within one week after hospital discharge. However, China currently lacks detailed work guidelines and standardized protocols for such services, making it difficult to effectively assess the competency of postpartum visitors and improve service quality. This study reviewed 24 Chinese and English articles retrieved using a combination of subject and free terms, selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The key components of postpartum visit competency were summarized into 3 dimensions: Health assessment, health education, and communication/coordination. While home visitors were generally capable of performing basic physical examinations and providing health education for mothers and newborns, they often lacked the ability to deliver more specialized maternal and infant care. Factors affecting the effectiveness of postpartum visit services included the personal characteristics, technical skills, and training of the visitors. Strategies to improve competencies involve reforming training methods, enhancing home visit skills, and standardizing procedures. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive tools to assess postpartum visit competency.
Humans ; Female ; Postnatal Care/standards* ; House Calls ; China ; Postpartum Period ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy

Regional anatomy teaching not only requires students to deal with the basic knowledge of human body including the level, location and adjacent relationship, but also to understand the clinical application of anatomical structure. Based on the four aspects of field anatomy, simulated surgery, clinical application lectures and CBL teaching, this study formulated a suitable assessment method to reconstruct the teaching system of regional anatomy relying on the improvement of the laboratory environment and the teacher team, aiming at cultivating students' clinical practice ability as the core and building a new regional anatomy course to meet the teaching needs of the new era.