Purpose To verify the safety and effectiveness of the Insight NM/CT Pro SPECT/CT Imaging System in clinical applications is verified through clinical validation of the acceptable rate of clinical image quality,commonly use features of the device,ease of use of the machine,satisfaction with the stability of the entire machine and safety evaluation.Materials and Methods A total of 79 subjects who voluntarily participated in the trial from July to October 2022 in the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,were selected to undergo endocrine,circulatory,skeletal,respiratory and urological imaging for multiple systems using the Insight NM/CT Pro SPECT/CT,respectively.The quality of the images,the machine operation and safety were evaluated.Results The image quality of all 79 patients were evaluated.Of 36 cases,there were 35 cases of planar imaging were acceptable;Of 43 cases,there were 42 cases of tomographic imaging were acceptable,with an acceptability rate of 97.22%and 97.67%,respectively,and a lower limit of 95%CI of 85.47%and 87.71%,respectively,which were both higher than those of the target value(83.00%).When the operators performed imaging operations on 79 patients,the common functions of the equipment,the ease of use of the equipment and the stability of the whole machine were evaluated as a satisfaction rate of 100%,with no adverse events.Conclusion Insight NM/CT Pro SPECT/CT effectiveness fully meets the requirements of clinical applications,with clear images of tissue structure,full range of commonly used equipment features,stable system,and superior safety and reliability.

Objective To visually analyze the Chinese and English literature in the research field of Cistanches Herba through bibliometrics;To understand the research status and hotspots of Cistanches Herba;To provide reference for the related research.Methods Literature related to Cistanches Herba in CNKI and Web of Science core databases from January 1,2002 to December 31,2022 was retrieved.VOSviewer 1.6.18 was used for co-occurrence clustering and temporal overlay analysis of authors and keywords,while CiteSpace 6.1.R2 was used for keyword burst analysis.Results Totally 1 631 articles were included,including 1 481 Chinese articles and 150 English articles,and the overall number of publications was on the rise.This field has formed research teams represented by Guo Yuhai from Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Tu Pengfei from Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,and Chen Jun and Xu Rong from Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.High frequency keywords included Cistanches Herba,echinoside,phenylethanolside,high performance liquid chromatography,cistanche polysaccharide,artificial cultivation,anti-fatigue,etc.Conclusion The research in this field mainly focuses on TCM therapy,clinical study,etiology and pathogenesis.Network pharmacology,molecular biology,data mining and so on may become the focus of future research of Cistanches Herba.

Objective To investigate the effects of DNA demethylation drugs combined with histone deacetylase in-hibitors on fragile X mental retardation 1 neighbor protein (FMR1NB) expression and its promoter methylation in human oral cancer cells and try to find a strategy of weakening the heterogeneity of FMR1NB expression.Methods Human oral cancer cell lines Cal27 and SCC-9 were treated with decitabine (DAC) , an inhibitor of DNA meth-yltransferase, combined with trichostatin A (TSA) and valproic acid (VPA), inhibitors of histone deacetylase.Then reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) , quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the expression of FMR1 NB and pyrosequencing was used to detect the methylation of FMR1NB promoter.Results Compared with the blank control group, DAC and its combination with TSA and VPA significantly induced the expression of FMR1NB mRNA and protein in Cal27 and SCC-9 cells.Compared with DAC alone group, FMR1NB mRNA expression of each DAC-combined drug groups significantly increased, but FMR1NB protein did not significantly change in Cal27 cells; for SCC-9 cells, except for DAC+TSA group, the mRNA and protein levels of FMR1NB significantly increased in all other groups.In addition, there was no signifi-cant difference in the expression of FMR1 NB mRNA and protein between the three-combined drugs group and two-combined drugs groups.Further methylation assay showed that the methylation level of the overall FMR1NB promot-er and its each CpG site measured were reduced to varying degrees in all treatment groups except for three-combina-tion drug group of SCC-9.Conclusion DAC and its combination with TSA and VPA can enhance the expression of FMR1NB by mediating the demethylation of FMR1NB promoter, wherein the enhanced expression effect of the com-bination of the two drugs is stronger, suggesting that they have the potential to weaken the heterogeneity of FMR1NB expression and improve the immunotherapy effect of oral cancer.

Objective:To discuss the possibility of modifying nonfunctional distractors to improve the quality of multiple-choice questions in medical examination through analyzing the changes in the difficulty and discrimination of items and the selection rate of modified distractors.Methods:Thirty-two multiple-choice questions involving nonfunctional distractors from a medical examination were studied. According to the item-writing guidelines, experts modified nonfunctional distractors based on actual measurements. We analyzed the changes in the difficulty and discrimination of items and the selection rate of modified distractors before and after item modification using the paired Wilcoxon test, and investigated the correlation of item difficulty and discrimination before and after item modification by Spearman's rank correlation analysis.Results:Six questions were modified due to technical factors, and 26 questions were modified due to weak interference in knowledge content. Before and after nonfunctional distractor modification, the difficulty values of the questions were 0.676 (0.558, 0.893) and 0.637 (0.531, 0.839), respectively; the discrimination values (point-biserial correlation) were 0.261 (0.150, 0.316) and 0.262 (0.138, 0.358), respectively; and the discrimination index values were 0.215 (0.113, 0.352) and 0.259 (0.138, 0.346), respectively. There were significant differences in the difficulty and discrimination index of items before and after modification. The difficulty and discrimination of items before and after modification were both significantly correlated. The selection rates of modified distractors were 0.009 (0.003, 0.015) and 0.044 (0.021, 0.092) before and after modification, respectively, which were significantly different.Conclusions:Nonfunctional distractors in this study were mainly caused by reasons in the contents of the test questions, less in technical defects. Through the analysis and modification of nonfunctional distractors, the selection rate of nonfunctional distractors can be effectively increased, and item difficulty and discrimination can be improved.

ObjectiveTo explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Yiqi Huoxue Tongbian prescription on slow transit constipation （STC） in rats. MethodThe rat model of STC was established by gavage of loperamide hydrochloride. Rats were assigned into control， model， mosapride， low-， medium-， and high-dose （3.51， 7.02， and 14.04 g·kg^-1， respectively） Yiqi Huoxue Tongbian prescription groups. The changes of general signs， fecal moisture content， and intestinal propulsion rate were measured after model establishment and drug administration. The colonic mucosal changes were observed by hematoxylin eosin staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to determine the content of substance P （SP） and vasoactive intestinal peptide （VIP） in the colon of rats in each group. The gray values of aquaporin （AQP） 3， AQP4， AQP8， and c-Kit in rat colon tissue were measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blot， and the changes of intestinal flora were detected by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. ResultCompared with the model group， 10 days of treatment with Yiqi Huoxue Tongbian prescription increased the fecal moisture content and intestinal propulsion rate （P<0.01）. The medium- and high-dose Yiqi Huoxue Tongbian prescription groups and the mosapride group showed no obvious mucosal inflammation and neat arrangement of goblet cells with a large number in the colon tissue. Moreover， the three groups showed increased SP content （P<0.01） and decreased VIP content （P<0.01） in the serum. The medium- and high-dose Yiqi Huoxue Tongbian prescription groups showed down-regulated protein levels of AQP3， AQP4， and AQP8 （P<0.01） and up-regulated protein level of c-Kit （P<0.01）. The drug administration groups presented slightly increased observed species， Chao1， ACE， and Shannon， Simpson， and PD whole tree. The principal component analysis showed that the control group had a short distance with the high- and medium-dose Yiqi Huoxue Tongbian prescription groups， indicating that high- and medium-dose Yiqi Huoxue Tongbian prescription can recover the intestinal flora to that in the control group. ConclusionYiqi Huoxue Tongbian prescription can alleviate the defecation status of rats with slow transit constipation by down-regulating the expression of AQP3， AQP4， and AQP8 to reduce the absorption of water in the intestine， up-regulating the expression of c-Kit to increase the number and distribution of Cajal interstitial cells， and regulating the balance of flora in the colon tissue.

Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius is a kind of Gram-positive facultative anaerobic bacteria. The fast growth rate under high temperature and less susceptibility to microbial contamination enable G. thermoglucosidasius to be a desirable producer of biofuels and high-value-added chemicals for the next-generation industrial biotechnology. However, compared with the classical model strain Escherichia coli, the applications of G. thermoglucosidasius are hampered by its low transformation efficiency. This study aimed at obtaining competent cells with high transformation efficiency through inactivating restriction enzymes, adding cell membrane inhibitors and cell wall weakening agents. The results showed that the electro-transformation efficiency achieved 1.2×10⁴ CFU/(μg DNA) by knocking out four genes encoding restriction enzymes. Adding a certain amount of tween 80, dl-threonine and glycine further increased the competent efficiency about 22.5, 44, and 334 times, respectively. The electro-transformation efficiency was enhanced to 4.6×10⁶ CFU/(μg DNA) under the optimized conditions, laying a foundation for genetic manipulation and metabolic engineering of G. thermoglucosidasius.
Electroporation ; Electroporation Therapies ; Bacillaceae ; Cell Membrane ; Escherichia coli/genetics*

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features, treatment and prognosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast.Methods:Clinical data of 26 patients with neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast admitted to the Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital from July 2013 to Mar 2021 were analyzed.Results:All 26 cases were female, the average aged of (62.81±11.95) years, the first clinical manifestations were painless breast masses, the average size being of (23.34±9.47) mm. At the time of diagnosis, regional lymph node metastasis was found in 4 cases, 1 case developed distant metastasis. Most patients' were on stage Ⅱ by TNM staging, molecular typing was Luminal A, and invasive mammary carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation was most common, with positive rates of ER and PR of 96%, the positive rate of CgA and Syn were 69% and 100%, and there was not positive expression of HER2. All patients received surgical treatment, 25 patients underwent postoperative adjuvant therapy. Twenty-five patients were followed up for a median follow-up time of 39.50 months. During the follow-up, 3 cases developed distant metastasis, 1 case died, the mean survival time was (40.81±26.90) months, there was ao satistically significant difference compared with invasive mammary carcinoma ( t=1.291, P=0.209). The mean disease free interval is (39.96±27.58) months. The overall survival and disease free survival at 1, 2 and 5 years are 100%, 100% and 87%, respectively. Conclusions:Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast occurs more frequently in elderly women, often with large tumor size, low rate of regional lymph node and distant metastasis, moderate histological grade, early clinical stage, and the molecular typing is mostly Luminal A.The overall prognosis is fair.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of coronary angiography-based fractional flow reserve(caFFR)versus a wire-based fractional flow reserve(FFR)in elderly patients with stable ischemic heart disease.Methods:A total of 168 patients(186 vessels)who underwent a pressure wire(PW)-based FFR measurement from Jan.2015 to Dec.2019 in Beijing hospital were enrolled and analyzed retrospectively.Coronary angiography images and matched steady-state aortic pressure of patients were sent to the core laboratory for caFFR measurement under the blind method.All patients were divided into the non-elderly group(<65 years, n=93)and the elderly group(≥65 years, n=75). The diagnostic value of caFFR was evaluated by using the wire-based FFR cut-off value of ≤0.80 as the reference standard.The correlation and consistency of caFFR and wire-based FFR were analyzed, and compared between the non-elderly and elderly groups.Results:The caFFR had a good correlation and consistency with wire-based FFR in the elderly group( r=0.796, P<0.01). In non-aged versus elderly groups, diagnostic accuracy of caFFR was 91.9% versus 93.1%, diagnostic sensitivity of caFFR was 91.8% vs.93.2%, diagnostic specificity of caFFR was 92.3% vs.93.0%, all P>0.05.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of caFFR had no significant difference between the non-elderly and elderly patients(0.964 vs.0.972, Z=0.00823, 95% CI: -0.037-0.052, P>0.05). Conclusions:The caFFR has a good diagnostic correlation and consistency with wire-based FFR in the elderly group, and caFFR's diagnostic performance in the elderly is similar to that in the non-elderly patients.

Objective To investigate the relation between TMB and the efficiency of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer. Methods Studies were searched from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Wanfang Database up to March 25, 2020. RevMan 5.3 software and STATA15.0 were used for analysis. Results Twelve literatures were involved, including 1209 patients. TMB significantly improved PFS (HR=0.54, 95%CI: 0.42-0.70, P < 0.001) but reduced the ORR (OR=4.41, 95%CI: 2.54-7.63, P < 0.001) of NSCLC patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. The subgroup analyses showed that the predictive value of TMB was significant in non-small cell lung cancer treated by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with anti-CTLA-4 therapy or chemotherapy. No significant publication bias was observed by the Begg's test and Egger's test. Conclusion High tumor mutation burden may predict the improved PFS of non-small cell lung cancer by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors treatment, but its predictive value for OS, ORR and long-term survival need more exploration.

ObjectiveTo explore the related factors of troublemaking behaviors among patients with mental disorders induced by amphetamine-type stimulants （ATS）， and to provide references for the formulation of relevant intervention measures for ATS-induced mental disorders. MethodsA total of 105 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） for ATS-induced mental disorders were included， and classified into troublemaking group and non-troublemaking group. The general demographic data and clinical data of the selected individuals were collected， and all patients were assessed using Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）. Then univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression model were used to screen the related factors of troublemaking behaviors. ResultsThe scores of SSRS， objective support dimension and social support utilization dimension were significantly lower in troublemaking group than those in non-troublemaking group， with statistical differences ［（24.10±6.59） vs. （28.94±5.59）， t=3.364， P=0.001； （5.50±1.96） vs. （8.20±2.13）， t=5.183， P<0.01； （4.60±2.26） vs. （6.28±1.90）， t=3.435， P=0.001］. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that male （OR=6.061， P=0.014） was a risk factor， while high social support level （OR=0.873， P=0.018） was the protective factor for troublemaking behaviors among patients with ATS-induced mental disorders. ConclusionPatients with ATS-induced mental disorders of the males and with low social support level are at high risk of troublemaking behaviors.