By analyzing the current application of multi-modal data in the diagnosis of gastric "inflammation-cancer" transformation， this study explored the feasibility and strategies for constructing a disease-syndrome integrated diagnosis and treatment system. Based on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） phenomics， we proposed utilizing multi-modal data from literature research， cross-sectional studies， and cohort follow-ups， combined with artificial intelligence technology， to establish a multi-dimensional diagnostic and treatment index system. This approach aims to uncover the complex pathogenesis and transformation patterns of gastric "inflammation-cancer" progression. Additionally， by dynamically collecting TCM four-diagnostic information and modern medical diagnostic information through a long-term follow-up system， we developed three major modules including information extraction， multi-modal phenotypic modeling， and information output， to make it enable real-world clinical data-driven long-term follow-up and treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis. This system can provide technical support for clinical diagnosis， treatment evaluation， and research， while also offering insights and methods for intelligent TCM diagnosis.

This consensus will introduce the characteristics of fillers used in the surgical cavities of domestic nasal surgery patients based on relevant literature and expert opinions. It will also provide recommendations for the selection of cavity fillers for different nasal diseases, with chronic sinusitis as a representative example.
Humans ; Nasal Cavity/surgery* ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; China ; Consensus ; Sinusitis/surgery* ; Dermal Fillers

AIM:The objective of this study is to examine the expression of profilin 1(PFN1)in mice with di-abetic nephropathy and determine its association with immune cell infiltration.METHODS:This study presents an analy-sis of PFN1 expression and immune cell infiltration in patients with diabetic nephropathy,utilizing transcriptome expres-sion data from kidney tissue microarray.Additionally,the findings were validated in a diabetic nephropathy mouse model.Sixteen C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into two groups,namely the normal group and the model group,in an equal manner.The model group underwent the establishment of the diabetic nephropathy model through intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin.Subsequently,the expression levels of CD11b,F4/80,CC chemokine receptor 4(CCR4),interleukin-1 receptor type I(IL-1R1),B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax)and caspase-3 in kidney tissue were assessed upon successful establishment of the diabetic nephropathy model.Furthermore,the overexpression of PFN1 was observed in a cellular model of diabetic nephropathy,and the protein expression levels of monocyte chemotactic pro-tein-1(MCP-1)and caspase-3 were assessed.RESULTS:The expression of PFN1 was found to be significantly in-creased in the GSE30122 dataset of transcriptome expression in kidney tissues affected by diabetic nephropathy(P＜0.01).This increase in PFN1 expression was found to be correlated with the presence of macrophages and T cells.Fur-thermore,the renal tissue of the diabetic nephropathy model group exhibited significant pathological changes.In this mod-el group,the expression levels of PFN1,CD11b,F4/80,CCR4,IL-1R1,Bax,Bcl-2,and caspase-3 were all significant-ly increased(P＜0.01).Overexpression of PFN1 could enhance the expression of MCP-1 and caspase-3 proteins.CON-CLUSION:Macrophages and Th17 cells were identified within the renal tissue of mice with diabetic nephropathy,con-comitant with an up-regulation in the expression of PFN1.This up-regulation was observed to facilitate the induction of apoptosis in the context of diabetic nephropathy.

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor disease in young children and young people. It usually has strong invasiveness, and conventional treatment cannot achieve the expected results. Therefore, studying the mechanism of tumor cell death and exploring more effective treatment methods is of great significance. As a new form of cell death, ferroptosis has been found to have three main regulatory pathways closely related to tumor cell molecular mechanisms, genes, etc. This provides a theoretical basis for the application of ferroptosis in the treatment of osteosarcoma. This article reviews recent research on the interaction between ferroptosis and osteosarcoma in regulating molecules, genes, and other factors, as well as the application of ferroptosis in the treatment of osteosarcoma.

Randomized controlled trials （RCTs） have been widely used in clinical efficacy evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， but also having limitations such as high cost，time consuming， and difficulty in patient recruitment and enrollment. The introduction of matching adjusted indirect comparison （MAIC） can alleviate the problem caused by the limitation of traditional RCT methodology to some extent. This paper introduced the basic principles of MAIC， and analyzed the similarities and differences， advantages and disadvantages of the two design methods， that is the anchored and the non-anchored. By analyzing two case studies in the evaluation of TCM efficacy， which are acupuncture for paroxysmal migraine and moxibustion for diarrhea-type irritable bowel syndrome， respectively， this paper introduced the methodological characteristics of MAIC in the efficacy evaluation of TCM， explored the strengths and feasibility of MAIC in the evaluation of efficacy evidence in TCM， the evaluation of efficacy of non-pharmacological TCM therapy and the development of new Chinese medicine， and discussed the limitations of existing research， matching factors and sample size. Additionally， the paper offered prospects by combining the simulation treatment comparison method and emulated target trials， with the goal of providing recommendations and references for the clinical efficacy evaluation of TCM.

Objective:To explore the association of frailty and serum C-terminal agrin fragment(CAF)with the prognosis of elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).Methods:In this prospective cohort study, clinical data of 207 older patients with ACS between January 2020 and May 2022 were collected.Serum samples were obtained within 24 hours after enrollment to detect CAF levels.Meanwhile, the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI)and frailty screening questionnaire(FSQ)scores were assessed on admission.Patients were followed up for major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events(MACCE)for 90 days.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of MACCE.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was performed to evaluate the predictive ability of the FSQ score, serum CAF and their combination for MACCE.According to 90-day mortality, patients were divided into a survival group(n=176)and a death group(n=31). The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for survival analysis.Results:The FSQ score( Z=4.412, P<0.001)and serum CAF( Z=6.702, P<0.001)in the MACCE group were higher than those in the non-MACCE group.Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, sex, TIMI score and complete revascularization, frailty defined by FSQ( OR=1.714; 95% CI: 1.059-2.775; P=0.028)and high serum CAF( OR=1.230; 95% CI: 1.122-1.350; P<0.05)were independent risk factors for MACCE.The area under the ROC curve(AUC)of the FSQ score for predicting MACCE was 0.797(95% CI: 0.735-0.850; P<0.001), the predictive cut-off point was an FSQ score >2, and the Youden index(YI)was 0.419, yielding a sensitivity of 0.708 and a specificity of 0.711.In addition, the AUC of serum CAF for predicting MACCE was 0.766(95% CI: 0.701-0.822; P<0.001), the predictive cut-off point was >6.01 μg/L, and YI was 0.460, yielding a sensitivity of 0.750 and a specificity of 0.710.The predictive ability of FSQ combined with CAF for MACCE was higher than FSQ( Z=2.294, P=0.022)or CAF( Z=2.545, P=0.011)alone.Cox regression analysis showed that frailty defined by FSQ( HR=3.487; 95% CI: 1.329-9.153; P=0.011)was independently associated with all-cause mortality within 90 days after ACS. Conclusions:Frailty assessment and serum CAF detection can improve the risk stratification of elderly patients with ACS.

Tuberculous meningitis is a central nervous system infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Its clinical manifestations are nonspecific, and effective pathogenic diagnostic methods are lacking, which often lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment, impacting the prognosis of patients. Therefore, early and rapid etiological diagnosis is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous meningitis. This article provides a review of novel detection technologies developed in recent years that can be used for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis, covering nucleic acid detection methods, metabolomics, and proteomics, and offering prospects for future development.

【Objective】 To investigate the protective effects of aflexible sleeve penile protection device on reducing postoperative pain and wound edema in patients after circumcision. 【Methods】 A total of 54 patients who underwent circumcision at Yan’an Branch of Peking University Third Hospital during Feb.1 and May 31, 2023 were enrolled.The patients were randomly divided into the experimental group and control group, with 27 patients in either groups.Patients in the experimental group were treated with a flexible sleeve penis protection device after surgery, and patients in the control group were treated with traditional gauze bandage after surgery.Postoperative pain, wound edema and complications were compared between the two groups. 【Results】 In terms of pain, the visual analogue scale of the experimental group was significantly lower at 6 hours [(1.7±0.9) vs.(3.3±1.9), P<0.001] and 2 days [(2.0±1.3) vs.(3.3±1.3), P<0.001] after surgery than that of the control group, but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups on the 4th and 7th postoperative days (P>0.05).In terms of edema, the edema score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group on the 2nd postoperative day [(2.0±1.0) vs.(4.0±0.8), P<0.001] , the 4th postoperative day [(1.5±1.2) vs.(2.6±0.9), P<0.001] , and the 7th postoperative day [(0.9±1.3) vs.(2.3±1.5), P<0.001] .There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 The flexible sleeve penile protection device has significant effects of reducing early postoperative pain and reducing edema in patients undergoing circumcision.