OBJECTIVE: To explore the research history, hotspots and development trends of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease（GERD）based on knowledge graph technology, and to provide references for clinical and basic research in this field. METHODS: The literature of acupuncture and moxibustion for gastroesophageal reflux disease was searched from the CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and SinoMed, from the establishment of the databases to December 31th, 2023. CiteSpace 6.2.R6 Advance was used to draw the knowledge graph of authors, institutions, keywords and other elements, and then perform the visual analysis. RESULTS: A total of 341 articles were included, with the number of publications showing an upward trend and the research types continually diversifying. A total of 832 authors and 308 institutions were analyzed, with XIE Sheng from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of CM and BAI Xinghua from the Beijing University of CM as representative figures, forming core research teams. However, there was a lack of close collaboration between institutions, and no significant cross-regional research networks had been formed. A total of 192 keywords were included, forming 8 cluster labels, which mainly included 4 categories：treatment methods, disease types, TCM syndrome types, and literature types. The burst analysis showed that the methods of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease had gradually become more integrated, the treatment methods had transitioned from simple acupuncture therapy to combined therapies with proton pump inhibitors or TCM decoctions, the disease types had become more refined, the focus of mechanism research had shifted from lower esophageal sphincter pressure and esophageal motility to changes in gastrointestinal hormone levels, and the research hotspots had gradually shifted from improving clinical symptoms to considering both mental and psychological states. Twenty-three high-frequency acupoints were obtained, forming 8 clusters of "acupuncture techniques-acupoints" for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease with acupuncture and moxibustion, indicating a gradual enrichment of acupuncture and acupoint treatment protocols. CONCLUSION The research on acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease has gradually deepened, in the future, the cooperation among research teams should be strengthened, the quality of clinical research should be improved, more multi-dimensional mechanism research and horizontal comparative research of different acupuncture and moxibustion methods should be made, to provide a basis for clinical promotion and deeper exploration.
Humans ; Moxibustion/trends* ; Gastroesophageal Reflux/therapy* ; Acupuncture Therapy/trends*

ObjectiveTo assess the level of depression， anxiety and social support among grade three senior high school students under in-school quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic， so as to provide references for targeted psychological intervention of them. MethodsA total of 724 grade three senior high school students from three key schools in Binzhou City， Shandong Province were selected using random sampling method. Generalized Anxiety Disorder （GAD-7）， Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9） and Perceived Social Support Scale （PSSS） were used to survey the psychological status including anxiety， depression and the level of social support. Partial correlation analysis was adopted to discuss the correlation of PSSS score with GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores， meantime， the multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between PSSS and PHQ-9 scores. ResultsAmong grade three senior high school students， 341 （48.64%） and 383 （54.64%） were found to have symptoms of anxiety and depression， respectively. PSSS total score as well as the dimension score of family support and other support of female students were higher than those of male students， with statistical significance （t=-3.431， -3.048， -4.482， P<0.01）. GAD-7， PSSS total scores and the dimension scores of family support and other support demonstrated statistical differences among grade three senior high school students with different selections of academic subjects for college entrance examination （F=1.992， 2.660， 2.074， 3.138， P<0.05 or 0.01）. PHQ-9 score was negatively correlated with the total score and each dimension score of PSSS （r=-0.329， -0.283， -0.284， -0.284， P<0.01）. The dimension score of family support and friend support in PSSS could negatively predict the PHQ-9 score （B=-0.213， -0.308， P<0.01）. ConclusionGrade three senior high school students under in-school quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic suffer a high prevalence rate of anxiety and depression， while students with higher perceived social support scores report fewer symptoms of depression. Hence， improving the level of social support may alleviate depression in students.

Organic chemistry is an important foundation course for medicine, chemistry and other majors in universities and colleges. In this study, combined with the characteristics of pharmacy students in local colleges and universities, teachers introduced case teaching, enhanced curriculum connotation, and explored the integration of green chemistry concepts into the teaching process of organic chemistry, so as to cultivate pharmaceutical professionals with environmental protection concept and safety awareness. The practice shows that this teaching model not only improves students' attention to organic chemistry and learning efficiency, but also improves students' comprehensive quality.

Apomixis has been widely concerned because of its great potential in heterosis fixation. Artificial apomixis is an important direction of current apomixis research. Mitosis instead of Meiosis (MIME) produces diploid gametes that is identical with the maternal genetic composition and is a key step in the artificial creation of apomixes. This paper reviews the occurrence of MIME and its application in crop apomixis and the problems encountered, in an aim to provide reference for expanding the application of MIME in crop apomixis.
Apomixis ; Crops, Agricultural ; genetics ; Diploidy ; Germ Cells ; Meiosis ; Mitosis

Objective:To investigate efficacy of modified expander in the treatment of non-extraction patients with Angel Ⅰ maloccul-sion.Methods:1 4 Angel Ⅰcases aged 1 0 -1 4 years treated by non-extraction and fixed rapid expander.Jaw bones of the cases were laser scanned before(T1 )and after treatment(T2).The differences of arch width and length between T1 and T2 were analyzed.The In-dex of treatment complexity,outcome and need(ICON)was used to assess the pre-treatment and post-treatment study models.Data were statistically analysed with SPSS1 3.0 software.Results:The arch width increased significantly from T1 to T2.Good occlusal rela-tionship and soft tissue profiles were achieved in all cases.All cases were evaluated as greatly improved by ICON.Conclusion:AngelⅠ malocclusion can be treated successfully by increasing arch width with fixed rapid expander technique without tooth extraction.

Among several intraoral distalizing devices,the pendulum appliance is one of the most commonly used noncompliance appli-ances.It is widely used to correct Class Ⅱ molar relationship.More healthy teeth can be preserved with the using of pendulum appliance in the tooth extraction of borderline cases.The pendulum appliance was modified and used in clinic.Long-term observasion showed that the modified pendulum appliace is effective in orthodontic treatment.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with different molecular subtypes of breast cancer.Methods A cohort of 716 breast cancer patients which had clear immunohistochemical detection were investiged.Their molecular subtypes were categorized as Luminal A,Luminal B,HER-2 over-expressing and basal-like subtypes,based on detection of ER,PR,HER-2 expression,and the clinical data including characteristics,relapse,prognosis and prognostic factors of the patients with different subtypes of breast cancer were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were no significant differences among different molecular subtypes at the age,menopausal status,production times,clinical stage,and radiation therapy(P ＞0.05).There were significant differences among different molecular subtypes at axillary lymph node starus (x2 =17.208,P =0.001),turner size (x2 =20.528,P =0.000) and operation method (x2 =24.242,P =0.000) and chemotherapy regimens (x2 =10.711,P =0.013).Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that clinical stage (x2 =17.005,P =0.002),axillary lymph node status (x2 =11.267,P =0.000) and molecular typing(x2 =125.634,P =0.000) were independent prognostic factors affecting long-term survisal rate.Conclusion Breast cancer patients in different subtypes have different long-term survival rate.The patients in basal-like subtype have the worst long-term survival rate.Molecular subtypes may provide important information to predict the prognosis of breast cancer.

An old male patient visited the hospital due to shortness of breath and palpitation for 6 h, with fever 3 days before and pump failure at admission. Having no risk factor of coronary diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity, with ST-T changes and abnormal Q wave on ECC, the signs were compatible with those of acute anterior wall myocardial infarction, while the characteristics of cardiac biomarkers ( significant increase in Troponin I and creatine kinase's isoform, and normal creatine kinase) were not in accordance with those of acute myocardial infarction. Emergency angiography was performed, which indicated normal coronary artery, normal pulmonary artery and global systolic dysfunction of left ventricle. The diagnosis of acute severe myocarditis was established, and intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) was employed to provide hemodynamic support. Severe myocarditis mimicking acute myocardial infarction may be fatal, and can be easily misdiagnosed. Careful analysis of clinical manifestations, early diagnostic angiography and possible IABP placement are important for the successful treatment.

Objective To understand the incidence of subclinical thyroid dysfunction in adult population of Beijing.Methods Serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH),T3,T4 and thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb)were measured for 1966 persons living in Beijing by physical examinations in 2002,and 1646 of them(83.72%)were followed-up in 2004.Results Overall incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism were 1.72 percent and 0.25 percent,respectively.Incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism in females aged ＞40 years was significantly higher than that in those ≤40 years(χ2=10.869,P＜0.01),but no significant difference between those ＞40 and ≤40 years in males was found.Incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism in females was significantly higher than that in males ＞40 years of age(χ2=24.122,P＜0.01),but no significant difference between females and males ≤40 years was found.No significant difference in incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism was noticed between varied age groups and between males and females.Incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism was significantly higher in those with history of subclinical hypothyroidism than that in those without it(χ2= 6.898,P＜0.01).No significant difference in incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism between those with family history of thyroid disease and those without it was found.Incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism was significantly higher in those with positive TPOAb than that in those with negative one(χ2=14.084,P＜0.01),but no significant difference in incidence of subclinical hyperthyroidism between those with positive and negative TPOAb was found.Conclusion Incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism was a little bit higher in population of Beijing area by physical examinations,particularly in females,elder age and positive TPOAb.

Objective To investigate the relation among the results of thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC),thyroid ultrasonography(US)and histopathologic diagnosis about the thyroid nodules detected by physical examination,meanwhile to analyze the etiopathogenesis of the nodtries and to evaluate the risk of thyroid cancer and the clinical diagnostic value of FNAC.Methods The data of thyroid FNAC results of the thyrroid nodules detected by physical examination in 271 cases were analyzed and compared with thyroid US and histopathologie diagnosis.Resuit (1)The FNAC results showed that the incidences of malignant and suspected mali-gnant lesions were 1.48%and 5.90%respectively.The rate of benign lesions was 78.60%and that of goiter was 29.15%,Hashimoto's thyroiditis 26.57%and thyroid adenoma 15.13%.Benign lesions were more common than malignant ones.(2)Comparison of the FNAC and US results of the thyroid nodules showed that of 96 cases with single nodule the rates of malignancy and suspected malignancy were 3.12%and 7.29%,but of 137 cases with multiple nodules the rates of the two lesions were 0.73%and 6.57%.In 108 cases with smaller nodules(≤1.5 cm)the rate of malignancy and suspected malignaney found with FNAC were 0.93%and 7.41%,while in 125 cases with greater nodules (＞1.5 cm)the rate of the two lesions were 2.40%and 6.42%.In 99 solid nodules the rates of malignancy and suspected malignancy were 2.02%and 12.12%,while in 85 cystic or mixed nodules the rates of the two lesions were 2.35%and 2.35%.In the above-mentioned three groups,only the suspected malignaney rate in solid nodules was higher than these in cystic or mixed ones with significant difference (P=0.013).(3)As compared with the cytological and histological diagnoses in 24 cases,the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was 75.00%and the rates of false positive and false negative were 25.00%and 0,respectively.Conclusions The common causes of the thyroid nodules detected in physieal examination are goiter,Hashimoto's thyroiditis and thyroid adenoma.FNAC is a reliable method to define the benign or malignant nature of thyroid nodules with a high diagnostic accuracy.US features of the nodule alone,no matter it is single,solid or of greater size do not sufficiently increase the incidence of thyroid carcinoma.