Very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs) are unique fatty acids in tissues of mammals such as retina and testis, and the key enzyme of its biosynthesis is very long chain fatty acid elongase 4 (Elovl4). Development of an animal model of tissue-specific knockout of Elovl4 gene is conducive to the in-depth study of the biological function of VLC-PUFAs. Therefore, we constructed Stra8-Cre mice and Elovl4 floxed mice based on Cre/loxP system, and obtained the (Elovl4[flox/+], Stra8-Cre) heterozygous knockout mice by hybridization. Subsequently, female mice were selected to cross with male mice with homozygous Elovl4[flox/flox] to gain homozygous mice (Elovl4[flox/flox], Stra8-Cre) through genotype identification and screening. RT-PCR, qRT-PCR, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence techniques were used to detect the knock-out efficiency of Elovl4 in testis. The expression of Elovl4 in testis of both heterozygous and homozygous knockout mice were significantly down-regulated at mRNA and protein levels, but were not affected in other tissues. In summary, we constructed a mouse model with specific knockout of Elovl4 gene in testis, which provides a reliable animal model for studying the effect of VLC-PUFAs on the reproductive function of male mice and the underpinning molecular mechanisms.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Eye Proteins/metabolism* ; Female ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Integrases ; Male ; Mammals/metabolism* ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism* ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Testis/metabolism*

Essential fatty acids are those that could not be synthesized by the body itself but crucial for health and life. Studies have shown that ω-3 fatty acids may facilitate human physiological functions. Mammals lack ω-3 desaturase gene, and the Δ15 fatty acid desaturase (Δ15 Des) from Caenorhabditis elegans can transform the ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into ω-3 PUFAs. Transgenic mice expressing Δ15 Des enzyme activity was constructed by using a PiggyBac transposon (PB). Homozygous transgenic mice with stable inheritance was bred in a short time, with a positive rate of 35.1% achieved. The mice were fed with 6% ω-6 PUFAs and the changes of fatty acids in mice were detected by gas chromatography (GC). The expression level of Δ15 Des in mice was detected by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting (WB). qPCR and GC analysis revealed that the percentage of positive mice harboring the active gene was 61.53%. Compared with traditional methods, the transformation efficiency and activity of Δ15 Des were significantly improved, and homozygotes showed higher activity than that of heterozygotes. This further verified the efficient transduction efficiency of the PiggyBac transposon system.
Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics* ; Fatty Acid Desaturases/genetics* ; Fatty Acids ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic

Objective:To study the clinical value of left ventricle Tei index in evaluating hemodynamics after interventional therapy of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).Methods:From May 2017 to May 2019, 50 children with PDA who underwent interventional therapy (PDA group) and 27 healthy children (healthy control group) in Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital were selected. The left ventricle Tei index, plasma brain natriuretic peptides (BNP), left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were compared between 2 groups.Results:The left ventricle Tei index was not correlated with heart rate and age in 2 groups ( P>0.05). The left ventricle Tei index before operation in PDA group was significantly lower than that in healthy control group: 0.20(0.16, 0.25) vs. 0.27(0.20, 0.30), and there was statistical difference ( P<0.05). In PDA group, the left ventricle Tei index immediately, 3 d, 1 month and 3 months after operation was significantly higher than before operation: 0.38(0.29, 0.47), 0.32(0.26, 0.40), 0.30(0.27, 0.35) and 0.32(0.26, 0.37) vs. 0.20(0.16, 0.25), and there was statistical difference ( P<0.05); the plasma BNP immediately after operation was significantly lower than before operation: 288 (126, 433) ng/L vs. 582 (303, 1 675) ng/L, and there was statistical difference ( P<0.05); the LVDD 3 months after operation was significantly lower than before operation: (3.03 ± 0.54) cm vs. (3.38 ± 0.51) cm, and there was statistical difference ( P<0.05); the LVEF immediately after operation was significantly lower than before operation: (54.24 ± 6.09)% vs. (59.45 ± 5.93)%, the LVEF 1 and 3 months after operation was significantly higher than that immediately after operation: (63.18 ± 4.71)% and (65.46 ± 4.78)% vs. (54.24 ± 6.09)%, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The left ventricle Tei index before operation was negatively correlated with inner diameter of PDA and plasma BNP ( r = -0.362 and -0.388, P = 0.013 and 0.009), and there was no correlation between LVDD and LVEF ( r = -0.192 and -0.283, P = 0.229 and 0.053); the differences of Tei index before operation and immediately after operation (ΔTei) was positively correlated with inner diameter of PDA ( r = 0.325, P = 0.030), and there was no correlation with BNP, LVDD and LVEF ( r = 0.234, 0.283 and -0.039, P = 0.126, 0.076 and 0.798). Conclusions:The left ventricle Tei index can quickly and accurately assess the change of hemodynamics after interventional therapy of PDA.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics, respond of treatment and prognosis in infants with atrial tachycardia (AT). Methods The clinical data of 23 infants with AT from August 2014 to November 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The respond of treatment and prognosis were observed. Results Of all the 23 infants with AT, incessant AT was in 5 cases, and paroxysmal AT was in 18 cases. There were 13 infants diagnosed with AT combined with cardiac insufficiency, and among them, 5 cases were combined with tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy (TIC). Echocardiography showed that atrial septal defect in 3 cases, patent foramen oval in 6 cases, ventricular septal defect in 1 case, ventricular septal defect combined with patent foramen oval in 2 cases, ventricular septal defect combined with atrial septal defect in 1 case, and ventricular septal defect combined with coarctation of the aorta in 1 case. The curative effect was excellent in 11 cases, effective in 8 cases, and ineffective in 4 cases at discharge. There was no statistical difference in curative effect between patients with normal cardiac function and cardiac insufficiency at discharge (P＞0.05). The infants were followed up for 12 months, AT disappeared in 19 cases, 1 case progressed to sick sinus syndrome, and 3 cases were lost in follow-up. Conclusions AT can be insidious in infants, but with a favorable prognosis if treated with cardiotonic drugs and antiarrhythmic drugs during the short and mid-term follow-up. Long-term follow-up should be taken to learn more about the prognosis.

Objective: To investigate the clinical and pathologic features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of hypertrophic port-wine stain (PWS). Methods: Cases of hypertrophic PWS, collected from Henan Provincial People′s Hospital between 2012 and 2018, were retrospectively analyzed for their clinical and pathologic features, immunophenotype and histochemical data, and the relevant literature was reviewed. Results: Twenty-four cases of PWS were included in this cohort, located in the head and neck region (20 cases), limbs (2 cases), and trunk (2 cases). The clinical presentations were mainly red or purple-red plaques or slow growing, painless nodules, or thickened and raised above the skin surface. Microscopically, deformed blood vessels showed honeycomb-like, plexiform or cluster-like growth pattern, and diffusely involved the dermis, skin appendages, subcutaneous fat tissue, and deep skeletal muscles; The vascular lumen of the deformed vessels was dilated (≥100 μm in diameter), and in 18 cases the lumen was greater than 400 μm. The superficial dermis mainly contained few deformed capillaries. The deep wall showed thickening of blood vessel wall and fibrous tissue hyperplasia. Elastic fiber and Masson staining indicated abnormal venous vessel, which in some cases contained small amount of abnormal arterioid vessel,without vascular endothelial cell proliferation in all cases. In 24 cases, 19 cases had epidermal atrophy, 6 with vascular chronic inflammation or epidermal ulcer, 4 with capillary hemangioma, 4 with sebaceous gland hyperplasia, 2 with epidermal papillary hyperplasia and 2 with vascular keratomas. Conclusions PWS is a common congenital capillary malformation. The number of histologically deformed capillaries is reduced and they usually locate in the superficial part. The deep vascular wall is increased with thick venous malformation, diffusely involving the dermis and deep skeletal muscle. Furthermore, PWS needs to be differentiated from infantile hemangioma, cavernous hemangioma and vascular keratomas.

According to 'National Standard of Undergraduate Teaching Quality for Nursing Science', the mode of community nursing practice was explored and implemented by the School of Nursing in Tianjin Medical University. Focus on competency, the syllabus of community nursing practice was revised. Optimizing the management system of community nursing practice, developing the team of high-quality teachers, building standardized community nursing practice bases, and improving the evaluation system of community nursing practice aimed to enhance comprehensive quality of nursing undergraduates and the quality of community nursing practice. Within the concept of "big health", our school is exploring the new mode of combining community nursing practice with health management-oriented nursing personnel training, which lays an important foundation for training applied nursing talents to meet the needs on development of community health services.

investigate the clinical and pathologic features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of hypertrophic port?wine stain (PWS). Methods Cases of hypertrophic PWS, collected from Henan Provincial People′s Hospital between 2012 and 2018, were retrospectively analyzed for their clinical and pathologic features, immunophenotype and histochemical data, and the relevant literature was reviewed. Results Twenty?four cases of PWS were included in this cohort, located in the head and neck region (20 cases), limbs (2 cases), and trunk (2 cases). The clinical presentations were mainly red or purple?red plaques or slow growing, painless nodules, or thickened and raised above the skin surface. Microscopically, deformed blood vessels showed honeycomb?like, plexiform or cluster?like growth pattern, and diffusely involved the dermis, skin appendages, subcutaneous fat tissue, and deep skeletal muscles; The vascular lumen of the deformed vessels was dilated (≥100 μm in diameter), and in 18 cases the lumen was greater than 400 μm. The superficial dermis mainly contained few deformed capillaries. The deep wall showed thickening of blood vessel wall and fibrous tissue hyperplasia. Elastic fiber and Masson staining indicated abnormal venous vessel, which in some cases contained small amount of abnormal arterioid vessel, without vascular endothelial cell proliferation in all cases. In 24 cases, 19 cases had epidermal atrophy, 6 with vascular chronic inflammation or epidermal ulcer, 4 with capillary hemangioma, 4 with sebaceous gland hyperplasia, 2 with epidermal papillary hyperplasia and 2 with vascular keratomas. Conclusions PWS is a common congenital capillary malformation. The number of histologically deformed capillaries is reduced and they usually locate in the superficial part. The deep vascular wall is increased with thick venous malformation, diffusely involving the dermis and deep skeletal muscle. Furthermore, PWS needs to be differentiated from infantile hemangioma, cavernous hemangioma and vascular keratomas.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the liver T1rho values for detecting fibrosis, and the potential impact of fatty liver on T1rho measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 18 healthy subjects, 18 patients with fatty liver, and 18 patients with liver fibrosis, who underwent T1rho MRI and mDIXON collections. Liver T1rho, proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and T2* values were measured and compared among the three groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the T1rho values for detecting liver fibrosis. Liver T1rho values were correlated with PDFF, T2* values and clinical data. RESULTS: Liver T1rho and PDFF values were significantly different (p < 0.001), whereas the T2* (p = 0.766) values were similar, among the three groups. Mean liver T1rho values in the fibrotic group (52.6 ± 6.8 ms) were significantly higher than those of healthy subjects (44.9 ± 2.8 ms, p < 0.001) and fatty liver group (45.0 ± 3.5 ms, p < 0.001). Mean liver T1rho values were similar between healthy subjects and fatty liver group (p = 0.999). PDFF values in the fatty liver group (16.07 ± 10.59%) were significantly higher than those of healthy subjects (1.43 ± 1.36%, p < 0.001) and fibrosis group (1.07 ± 1.06%, p < 0.001). PDFF values were similar in healthy subjects and fibrosis group (p = 0.984). Mean T1rho values performed well to detect fibrosis at a threshold of 49.5 ms (area under the ROC curve, 0.855), had a moderate correlation with liver stiffness (r = 0.671, p = 0.012), and no correlation with PDFF, T2* values, subject age, or body mass index (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: T1rho MRI is useful for noninvasive detection of liver fibrosis, and may not be affected with the presence of fatty liver.
Body Mass Index ; Fatty Liver* ; Fibrosis ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prospective Studies* ; Protons ; ROC Curve

Objective To investigate the expression of gastric and intestinal phenotypic markers in Siewert typeⅡand Ⅲ early gastroesophageal junction(GEJ) cancer, and to explore its correlation with clinic-pathological features.Methods From April 2010 to July 2015, 53 cases diagnosed as early GEJ cancer were enrolled.The gastric and intestinal phenotypic markers such as mucin5AC(MUC5AC),mucin6(MUC6),mucin2(MUC2),caudal related homeodomain transcription 2(CDX2) and cluster of differentiation 10(CD10) were detected, and then the patients were divided into gastric type, gastrointestinal type, intestinal type and non-classified type according to the results of immunohistochemical staining.Combined with Siewert classification the clinicopathological features were analyzed.Chi square test or Fisher′s exact test was performed for statistical analysis.Results In the cancer tissues of 47 patients with Siewert type Ⅱand Ⅲ early GEJ cancer, the case numbers of positive expression of MUC5AC,MUC6,MUC2, CDX2 and CD10 were 21(44.7%),19(40.4%),31(66.0%),27(57.4%) and 17(36.2%),respectively;the case numbers of gastric type, gastrointestinal type, intestinal type and non-classified type were 11(23.4%),14(29.8%),21(44.7%) and one(2.1%), respectively.The positive expression rates of MUC5AC and MUC6 in Siewert typeⅡwere 55.9%(19/34) and 50.0%(17/34),which were higher than those of Siewert typeⅢ(2/13), and the positive expression rate of MUC2 was 55.9%(19/34), which was lower than that of Siewert typeⅢ(12/13), and the differences were statistically significant (x2=6.240,4.679 and 4.053;all P<0.05).In Siewert typeⅡ, the proportion of intestinal type was 32.4%(11/34), which was lower than that of Siewert typeⅢ(10/13), and the differences were statistically significant (x2=7.142,P=0.010).In patients with Siewert typeⅡand Ⅲ early cancer, males predominated in intestinal type which were mostly well differentiated type with less submucosal carcinoma.The maximum diameter of tumor was less than those of gastric type and gastrointestinal type.In paracancerous mucosal tissues, the incidences of intestinal metaplasia in gastrointestinal type and intestinal type were 11/14 and 81.0%(17/21), which were higher than that of gastric type (3/11);the incidences of atrophy in gastrointestinal type and intestinal type were 12/14 and 85.7%(18/21),which were higher than that of gastric type (4/11),and the differences were statistically significant (Fisher′s exact test,all P<0.05).Conclusions Siewert typeⅡand Ⅲ early GEJ cancer can directly originated not only from gastric mucosa, but also from gastrointestinal and intestinal mucosa.Atrophy and intestinal metaplasia could exist before cancer genesis.

Objective To investigate the influence factors of central venous catheter related infections (CVC-RI) in postoperative patients with gastric carcinoma treated with parenteral nutrition,in order to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment.Methods Using the retrospective study method,150 patients who treated with parenteral nutrition after operation of gastric carcinoma from December 2013 to March 2014 were selected.Information including age,sex,anamnesis,catheter indwelling time,infusion rate of nutrient solution,and so on were collected.Patients with central venous catheter related infections were set as infection group,patients without infection as the control group,and the group logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the collected data.Results 21 patients in infection group had CVC-RI,and the incidence was 14.00％ (21/150),while 129 patients in control group had CVC-RI.Univariate analysis showed there was significant difference between infection group and control group in age,anamnesis,catheter indwelling time and infusion rate of nutrient solution (x2=17.126,5.447,12.795,7.973,P＜0.05),however there was no significant difference in sex,health insurance,the success rate of catheterization and whether glutamine was in nutrient solution (P＞0.05);the group logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=15.927,95％CI 3.305-76.756,P＜0.05)and catheter indwelling time (OR=3.511,95％CI 1.028-11.992,P＜0.05) were independent risk factors for CVC-RI,however infusion rate of nutrient solution (OR=0.140,95％CI 0.033-0.597,P＜0.05) was a protective factor.Conclusions For the postoperative patients with gastric carcinoma treated with parenteral nutrition,CVC-RI is closely related to age,catheter indwelling time and infusion rate of nutrient solution.So reducing catheter indwelling time,restoring the enteral nutrition under condition permission as so on as possible can reduce infection of elderly patients.