Objective·To analyze the influencing factors of left ventricular mass index(LVMI)in patients with essential hypertension,and explore the relationship between aldosterone levels and left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH).Methods·A total of 155 patients with essential hypertension,hospitalized in the Hypertension Department of the Northern Campus of Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,from January 2013 to December 2019,and excluded from primary aldosteronism by saline load test(post-saline suppression plasma aldosterone<60 pg/mL),were enrolled.General clinical data(age,gender,smoking status,duration of hypertension,etc.),physical examination data(blood pressure and body mass index),blood biochemistry(renal function,electrolytes,fasting blood glucose,and lipids),urinary sodium,and relevant hormones(basal and activated aldosterone,basal and activated renin,urinary aldosterone,post-saline suppression aldosterone,etc.)were collected.LVMI was evaluated by echocardiography.Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the linear association between LVMI and each variable.Binary Logistic regression models were applied to screen independent risk factors for LVH.Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the impact of variables on LVMI.Results·The mean age of the 155 patients was(46.85±11.08)years,with 51.6%being male.Pearson correlation analysis showed that LVMI was significantly positively correlated with post-saline suppression aldosterone(r=0.334,P<0.001),age(r=0.184,P=0.032),duration of hypertension(r=0.241,P=0.005),systolic blood pressure(r=0.280,P=0.001),and pulse pressure(r=0.339,P<0.001).No significant correlations were found with diastolic blood pressure,body mass index,fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,urinary sodium,basal aldosterone,activated aldosterone,or urinary aldosterone.After adjusting for confounders,including gender,smoking history,age,duration of hypertension,body mass index,pulse pressure,systolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,and total cholesterol,binary Logistic regression showed that each 1 pg/mL increase in post-saline suppression aldosterone was associated with a 5.1%increased risk of LVH(OR=1.051,95%CI 1.016?1.088,P=0.004).Multiple linear regression identified suppressed aldosterone(β=0.359,P<0.001),duration of hypertension(β=0.168,P=0.046),and pulse pressure(β=0.226,P=0.008)as independent influencing factors for LVMI.Conclusion·Suppressed aldosterone is an independent influencing factor for LVH in patients with essential hypertension.

Objective·To analyze the influencing factors of left ventricular mass index(LVMI)in patients with essential hypertension,and explore the relationship between aldosterone levels and left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH).Methods·A total of 155 patients with essential hypertension,hospitalized in the Hypertension Department of the Northern Campus of Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,from January 2013 to December 2019,and excluded from primary aldosteronism by saline load test(post-saline suppression plasma aldosterone<60 pg/mL),were enrolled.General clinical data(age,gender,smoking status,duration of hypertension,etc.),physical examination data(blood pressure and body mass index),blood biochemistry(renal function,electrolytes,fasting blood glucose,and lipids),urinary sodium,and relevant hormones(basal and activated aldosterone,basal and activated renin,urinary aldosterone,post-saline suppression aldosterone,etc.)were collected.LVMI was evaluated by echocardiography.Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the linear association between LVMI and each variable.Binary Logistic regression models were applied to screen independent risk factors for LVH.Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the impact of variables on LVMI.Results·The mean age of the 155 patients was(46.85±11.08)years,with 51.6%being male.Pearson correlation analysis showed that LVMI was significantly positively correlated with post-saline suppression aldosterone(r=0.334,P<0.001),age(r=0.184,P=0.032),duration of hypertension(r=0.241,P=0.005),systolic blood pressure(r=0.280,P=0.001),and pulse pressure(r=0.339,P<0.001).No significant correlations were found with diastolic blood pressure,body mass index,fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,urinary sodium,basal aldosterone,activated aldosterone,or urinary aldosterone.After adjusting for confounders,including gender,smoking history,age,duration of hypertension,body mass index,pulse pressure,systolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,and total cholesterol,binary Logistic regression showed that each 1 pg/mL increase in post-saline suppression aldosterone was associated with a 5.1%increased risk of LVH(OR=1.051,95%CI 1.016?1.088,P=0.004).Multiple linear regression identified suppressed aldosterone(β=0.359,P<0.001),duration of hypertension(β=0.168,P=0.046),and pulse pressure(β=0.226,P=0.008)as independent influencing factors for LVMI.Conclusion·Suppressed aldosterone is an independent influencing factor for LVH in patients with essential hypertension.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of different combination regimens on patients with high-frequency sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL). Methods 82 patients with high-frequency SSNHL from December 2013 to May 2017 were enrolled. The control group was treated with hormone,lidocaine, and genetein combination therapy,while the observation group received systemic hormones,and local hormones combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy,the average frequency of pure tone valve improvement,complications and adverse reactions in two groups were compared.Results After the treatment,the average pure tone of the two groups was significantly improved than pretherapy(tcontrol group = 10.28,P = 0.00;tobservation group = 11.06, P=0.00),but there was no significant difference in hearing improvement between the two groups(t=0.680,P=0.698),the total effective rate in the control group was 63.41%,in which the observation group was 68.29%,the difference was not statistically significant(χ2=0.230,P=0.816),but the cure rate was 26.83% in the observa-tion group which was higher than that in the control group(7.32%)(χ2=2.05,P=0.040).There was no signifi-cant difference in improvement of complication(tinnitus and ear nausea)between the two groups(χ2Tinnitus =0.000,P=1.000;χ2Aurussion=0.000,P=1.000),and there was no obvious adverse reaction in both groups. Conclusions Treatment of high-frequency SSNHL,hormone and hyperbaric oxygen therapy is good and safe, which can effectively improve the patient′s complication(tinnitus and ear nausea).

A cross-sectional survey on two-way referral using self-report questionnaire was conducted in a sample of 1423 residents living in 4 communities in Caobeidian area, Chaoyang District and 4 communities in Dongcheng District from April to July 2009. Among the residents who responded the questionnaire, 19.7% (88/446) from Gaobeidian and 8.2% ( 80/977 ) from Dongcheng District were referred to hospitals in 2008. And 30.7 % (27/88) in Gaobeidian and 43.8% (35/80) in Dongcheng District referred to hospital based on their own decision rather than doctors' recommendation; 45. 5% (40/ 88) in Gaobeidian and 45. 0% (36/80) in Dongcheng District of referrals were officiary processed by health institutions. The survey also showed that 57.6% and 59.4% of the respondents from the two districts preferred to free referral between community health service centers and hospitals.