Tuberculosis is a highly infectious disease that poses a significant threat to public health, particularly in resource-limited regions where its incidence remains high. In 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) released the WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis. Module 4: Treatment- Tuberculosis Care and Support, aimed at improving the quality of care and treatment for tuberculosis patients. This guideline outlines the multifaceted challenges faced by tuberculosis patients during treatment and offers evidence-based intervention strategies. It highlights key areas such as psychological support, nutritional management, and social care. This paper provides an interpretation of the main contents of the guideline to offer evidence-based practice guidance for healthcare providers, and to support clinical staff in delivering targeted patient care interventions.

Tuberculosis is a highly infectious disease that poses a significant threat to public health, particularly in resource-limited regions where its incidence remains high. In 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) released the WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis. Module 4: Treatment- Tuberculosis Care and Support, aimed at improving the quality of care and treatment for tuberculosis patients. This guideline outlines the multifaceted challenges faced by tuberculosis patients during treatment and offers evidence-based intervention strategies. It highlights key areas such as psychological support, nutritional management, and social care. This paper provides an interpretation of the main contents of the guideline to offer evidence-based practice guidance for healthcare providers, and to support clinical staff in delivering targeted patient care interventions.

Objective:This study aims to investigate the inner experiences of cancer patients when confronting financial toxicity through a Meta-analytical approach. The goal is to provide evidence-based insights and theoretical references for clinical healthcare professionals to fully understand the feelings and experiences associated with financial toxicity in cancer patients, thereby laying a foundation for targeted interventional measures.Methods:A computerized search was conducted across databases including CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang, VIP, Sinomed and other databases, collecting qualitative studies related to the inner experience of financial toxicity among cancer patients, up until April 12, 2023. Quality appraisal of the included literature was carried out according to JBI′s standards for qualitative research, and results were synthesized using Meta-aggregation methods.Results:Twenty-three studies were included, from which 82 specific outcomes were extracted. These were categorized into 11 new thematic groups and ultimately synthesized into four integrated findings: the impact of objective costs, subjective burden, and unreasonable expectations; diverse cognitive attitudes and management coping strategies; multiple pressures and challenges on patients and their families; and the articulation of needs and perceptions of beneficial growth.Conclusions:Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the financial toxicity issues that patients face at the initial stage of cancer diagnosis. Timely communication about economic issues between patients and healthcare providers is essential to help patients have a preliminary understanding of the impending financial toxicity at the onset of the disease. A comprehensive intervention that emphasizes different aspects of objective and subjective financial toxicity, coupled with multi-dimensional mitigation strategies, can promote active coping in patients, enhance familial emotional and financial support to overcome challenges together, and prioritize patients′ needs and expectations to guide them towards reinforcing positive experiences and minimizing the impact of financial toxicity.

There are many treatment options for cancer,and patients need to repeatedly weigh the pros and cons when choosing,consider various health risks and the impact on their families,and are prone to decision-making fatigue,which not only affects their decision-making judgment,but also may affect their physical and mental health.This paper summarizes the concept,theoretical model,and evaluation tools of decision fatigue,and summarizes the influencing factors and coping strategies of decision fatigue in cancer patients,which can provide a reference for domestic medical staff to further develop personalized decision support tools and carry out relevant clinical practice and scientific research.

Objective:To construct a core competency indicator system for oncology advanced practice nurses.Methods:This study is a cross-sectional study. A preliminary draft of the core competency indicator system for oncology advanced practice nurses was developed through literature review and expert group coordination from June to November 2022. The core competency indicator system for oncology advanced practice nurses was established using the Delphi method for expert consultation and the analytic hierarchy process.Results:A total of 54 experts from 11 hospitals and four medical schools in 10 provinces and municipalities directly under the central government across the country were included in two rounds of expert consultation. The effective response rates of the questionnaire were all 100%, with an expert authority coefficient of 0.90, Kendall coordination coefficients of 0.089 to 0.179 and 0.101 to 0.176 ( P<0.01). The final established core competency indicator system for oncology advanced practice nurses included seven primary indicators and 69 secondary indicators. Conclusions:The core competency indicator system for oncology advanced practice nurses is comprehensive and has the characteristics of specialized oncology nursing, and the construction process is scientific and reliable, laying the foundation for future training of oncology advanced practice nurses.

The continuous advancement of medical technology promotes the prolongation of the survival period of patients with gynecological malignant tumors while also bringing a considerable financial burden to the patients. This subjective and objective economic burden faced by cancer patients is referred to as financial toxicity. This article aims to review the concept, assessment tools, influencing factors, and intervention measures of financial toxicity in patients with gynecological malignant tumors, in order to provide a theoretical basis for related research and practice in clinical settings.

The presence of parenting concerns in female breast cancer patients who have to raise minor children can have multifaceted impacts on the patients. This research reviews the concept of parenting concerns in female breast cancer patients, assessment tools, current research status, reasons for its occurrence, multidimensional influences, influencing factors, and intervention measures to provide a theoretical basis for Chinese clinical medical staff to adopt targeted nursing measures for female breast cancer patients raising minor children.

Objective:To explore effects of life review therapy on self-management efficacy and self-perceived burden in elderly patients with gastric cancer.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 80 elderly patients with gastric cancer who were treated and received surgical treatment in Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute were selected as the research objects from November 2018 to October 2019. The patients hospitalized from November 2018 to April 2019 were set as the control group, and the patients hospitalized from May to October 2019 were set as the experimental group, with 40 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were given routine nursing, while patients in the experimental group were given life review therapy on the basis of routine nursing. Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH) and Self-Perceived Burden Scale (SPBS) were used to compare the effects of interventions. A total of 37 patients in the control group completed the study, while 39 patients in the experimental group completed the study.Results:After the intervention, the total score of SUPPH and scores of positive attitude and self-decompression dimensions of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P< 0.05) . There was no statistically significant difference in the score of self-decision dimension between the two groups ( P>0.05) . After the intervention, the total score of SPBS and scores of physical burden and emotional burden dimension of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . There was no statistically significant difference in the score of the economic burden dimension between the two groups ( P>0.05) . Conclusions:Life review therapy can improve the self-management efficacy and self-perceived burden of elderly patients with gastric cancer, and it is worthy of promotion and application.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of birth weight discordance in dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) twins.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed 1 757 cases of DCDA twin pregnancies from 11 Chinese hospitals from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2017. Birth weight discordance was defined as ≥ 20% difference between the twins. All cases were divided into two groups: the concordant group ( n=1 520) and discordant group ( n=237). General information was compared and the high-risk factors of birth weight discordance were analyzed. Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression analysis were used as statistical methods. Results:Compared with the concordant group, the discordant group showed a higher incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [24.5% (58/237) vs 12.8% (194/1 520), χ2=22.882, P<0.05], fetal structural malformations [4.2% (10/237) vs 1.0% (15/1 520), χ2=15.160, P<0.05], fetal distress [6.3% (15/237) vs 1.4% (21/1 520), χ2=22.602, P<0.05], umbilical cord abnormalities [3.8% (9/237) vs 1.2% (18/1 520), χ2=7.607, P<0.05] and abnormal placental cord insertion [3.8% (9/237) vs 1.4% (21/1 520), χ2=34.904, P<0.05], but lower incidence of premature rupture of membranes [11.0% (26/237) vs 16.5% (250/1 520), χ2=4.645, P=0.034]. Logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors of birth weight discordance in DCDA twins were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy ( OR=2.258, 95% CI: 1.620-3.184, P<0.001), fetal structural malformations ( OR=4.268, 95% CI: 1.892-9.631, P<0.001), umbilical cord abnormalities ( OR=2.889, 95% CI: 1.245-6.705, P=0.014) and abnormal placental cord insertion ( OR=2.318, 95% CI: 1.012-5.311, P=0.047). Conclusions:Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, fetal structural malformations, umbilical cord abnormalities and abnormal placental cord insertion may be the risk factors of birth weight discordance in DCDA twins.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Hiru doid,Sufu and Musk Hemorrhoids Ointment on preventing peripheral chemothera?peutic phlebitis due to continuous infusion of 5?fluorouracil. Methods Totally 90 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with continuous infusion of 5?fluorouracil were recruited and randomly divided into Hirudoid group,Sufu group and Musk Hemorrhoids Ointment group, with 30 cases in each group. Three groups were applied with drugs respectively along the vein punctured while connecting the pump of 5?fluorouracil 3 times a day(each time interval of 6 hours)for 5 consecutive days. The occurrence of chemotherapy phlebitis was observed and recorded. Results Musk Hemorrhoids Ointment and Sufu were more effective than Hirudoid in reducing the incidence of phlebitis and relieving the degree of venous in?jury(P<0.05);however,there were no differences between Musk Hemorrhoids Ointment and Sufu(P>0.05). Musk Hemorrhoids Ointment was the most effective among the three in relieving the pain caused by phlebitis(P<0.05). There were no difference between Sufu and Hirudoid(P>0.05). Conclusion Musk Hemorrhoids Ointment can effectively prevent peripheral chemotherapeutic phlebitis caused by continuous infusion of 5?fluorouracil with affordable expense which is worthy of promotion in clinic use.