ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of different visual inputs and task conditions on balance function and lower limb biomechanical characteristics in children with spastic hemiplegia. MethodsFrom March to July, 2025, 30 children aged six to nine years old with spastic hemiplegia (hemiplegia group) and 30 healthy children (control group) were selected. A 2×2×2 mixed experimental design was employed, involving groups (hemiplegia vs. healthy), tasks (single-task vs. dual-task), and vision (eyes open vs. eyes closed). One week before test, they were evaluated with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities (FMA-LE), Wee Function Independent Measurement (WeeFIM) and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition (WISC-Ⅳ). A 3D gait analysis system and a plantar pressure testing system were used to collect spatio-temporal parameters of walking speed, stride length, cadence and step width, kinematic parameters of hip/knee/ankle joint angles, kinetic parameters of forefoot loading ratio, center of pressure (CoP) displacement, while dual-task cost (DTC) was caculated. ResultsSpatio-temporal parameters showed that under dual-task and eyes-closed conditions, walking speed and stride length decreased while step width increased in the hemiplegia group. Significant interaction effects among group, task, and vision were observed for speed, stride length, and step width (F > 4.886, P < 0.05). Kinematic parameters indicated that during dual-tasks, the hemiplegia group exhibited increased hip flexion and decreased ankle dorsiflexion; under eyes-closed conditions, knee flexion increased. The interaction of the three factors significantly affected all joint angles (F > 4.876, P < 0.05). Kinetic parameters showed that under dual-task and eyes-closed conditions, the forefoot loading ratio and anteroposterior CoP displacement decreased, while mediolateral CoP displacement increased. The interaction of the three factors significantly affected CoP displacement (F > 4.355, P < 0.05). All the DTC was significantly higher in the hemiplegia group than in the control group, except DTC of the cadence (|t| > 14.393, P < 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed that the score of FMA-LE was strongly negatively correlated with DTC (|r| > 0.731, P < 0.01). The Functional Independence Measure for Children and Working Memory Index showed moderate negative correlations with the DTC of walking speed and cadence (|r| > 0.462, P < 0.05). ConclusionThe gait and balance of children with spastic hemiplegia are concurrently influenced by dual-tasking and visual input. The superposition of visual deprivation and dual-tasks significantly exacerbates gait abnormalities. Furthermore, is strongly correlated with motor function and working memory.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of different visual inputs and task conditions on balance function and lower limb biomechanical characteristics in children with spastic hemiplegia. MethodsFrom March to July, 2025, 30 children aged six to nine years old with spastic hemiplegia (hemiplegia group) and 30 healthy children (control group) were selected. A 2×2×2 mixed experimental design was employed, involving groups (hemiplegia vs. healthy), tasks (single-task vs. dual-task), and vision (eyes open vs. eyes closed). One week before test, they were evaluated with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities (FMA-LE), Wee Function Independent Measurement (WeeFIM) and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition (WISC-Ⅳ). A 3D gait analysis system and a plantar pressure testing system were used to collect spatio-temporal parameters of walking speed, stride length, cadence and step width, kinematic parameters of hip/knee/ankle joint angles, kinetic parameters of forefoot loading ratio, center of pressure (CoP) displacement, while dual-task cost (DTC) was caculated. ResultsSpatio-temporal parameters showed that under dual-task and eyes-closed conditions, walking speed and stride length decreased while step width increased in the hemiplegia group. Significant interaction effects among group, task, and vision were observed for speed, stride length, and step width (F > 4.886, P < 0.05). Kinematic parameters indicated that during dual-tasks, the hemiplegia group exhibited increased hip flexion and decreased ankle dorsiflexion; under eyes-closed conditions, knee flexion increased. The interaction of the three factors significantly affected all joint angles (F > 4.876, P < 0.05). Kinetic parameters showed that under dual-task and eyes-closed conditions, the forefoot loading ratio and anteroposterior CoP displacement decreased, while mediolateral CoP displacement increased. The interaction of the three factors significantly affected CoP displacement (F > 4.355, P < 0.05). All the DTC was significantly higher in the hemiplegia group than in the control group, except DTC of the cadence (|t| > 14.393, P < 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed that the score of FMA-LE was strongly negatively correlated with DTC (|r| > 0.731, P < 0.01). The Functional Independence Measure for Children and Working Memory Index showed moderate negative correlations with the DTC of walking speed and cadence (|r| > 0.462, P < 0.05). ConclusionThe gait and balance of children with spastic hemiplegia are concurrently influenced by dual-tasking and visual input. The superposition of visual deprivation and dual-tasks significantly exacerbates gait abnormalities. Furthermore, is strongly correlated with motor function and working memory.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of different visual inputs and task conditions on balance function and lower limb biomechanical characteristics in children with spastic hemiplegia. MethodsFrom March to July, 2025, 30 children aged six to nine years old with spastic hemiplegia (hemiplegia group) and 30 healthy children (control group) were selected. A 2×2×2 mixed experimental design was employed, involving groups (hemiplegia vs. healthy), tasks (single-task vs. dual-task), and vision (eyes open vs. eyes closed). One week before test, they were evaluated with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities (FMA-LE), Wee Function Independent Measurement (WeeFIM) and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition (WISC-Ⅳ). A 3D gait analysis system and a plantar pressure testing system were used to collect spatio-temporal parameters of walking speed, stride length, cadence and step width, kinematic parameters of hip/knee/ankle joint angles, kinetic parameters of forefoot loading ratio, center of pressure (CoP) displacement, while dual-task cost (DTC) was caculated. ResultsSpatio-temporal parameters showed that under dual-task and eyes-closed conditions, walking speed and stride length decreased while step width increased in the hemiplegia group. Significant interaction effects among group, task, and vision were observed for speed, stride length, and step width (F > 4.886, P < 0.05). Kinematic parameters indicated that during dual-tasks, the hemiplegia group exhibited increased hip flexion and decreased ankle dorsiflexion; under eyes-closed conditions, knee flexion increased. The interaction of the three factors significantly affected all joint angles (F > 4.876, P < 0.05). Kinetic parameters showed that under dual-task and eyes-closed conditions, the forefoot loading ratio and anteroposterior CoP displacement decreased, while mediolateral CoP displacement increased. The interaction of the three factors significantly affected CoP displacement (F > 4.355, P < 0.05). All the DTC was significantly higher in the hemiplegia group than in the control group, except DTC of the cadence (|t| > 14.393, P < 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed that the score of FMA-LE was strongly negatively correlated with DTC (|r| > 0.731, P < 0.01). The Functional Independence Measure for Children and Working Memory Index showed moderate negative correlations with the DTC of walking speed and cadence (|r| > 0.462, P < 0.05). ConclusionThe gait and balance of children with spastic hemiplegia are concurrently influenced by dual-tasking and visual input. The superposition of visual deprivation and dual-tasks significantly exacerbates gait abnormalities. Furthermore, is strongly correlated with motor function and working memory.

Objective To satisfy the normalized disinfection in the orthopedic ward,an air sterilizer based on low-temperature plasma has been developed to investigate its sterilization results in a dynamic environment of hospitalization where patients,companions and medical workers are involved.Methods This study took an orthopedics ward in the Secondary Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,as the research object,where a home-made low-temperature plasma air sterilizer was utilized.A six-stage viable Andersen cascade impactor was used to sample the natural bacteria in the ward before and after machine operation for three hours.The species and quantity of bacteria in the ward were analyzed.Results The ozone concentration in the indoor dynamic environment decreased to below 5 ppbv.After three-hour disinfection,the elimination rate of natural bacteria reached 92.35％.The final colony forming unit decreased to～150 CFU/m3;the extinction rates of Staphylococcus hominis,Bacillus cereus,molds,and Micrococcus luteus were 90.48％,80.90％,87.50％,and 92.82％respectively.Even all Haemophilus massiliensis disappeared after two-hour treatment.Conclusion Intermittent disinfection of the dynamic environment in the ward using low-temperature plasma synergistic catalyst has enabled the indoor ozone concentration to reach the first-level national standard line,effectively suppressing secondary pollution caused by ozone leakage while efficiently killing suspended microorganisms in the air,which is close to the disinfection level Ⅰenvironment specified in Hygienic Standard for Disinfection in Hospitals(GB 15982-2012).The results also show that the plasma catalytic synergistic disinfection and sterilization has the technical advantages of efficient disinfection and human-machine coexistence,which can ensure indoor air quality safety,reduce the workload of nursing staff,and thus is an effective method to assist or even replace the existing physical and chemical means.

Objective:To quantitatively evaluate the effects of left bundle branch block（LBBB）on left ventricular structure，function and myocardial perfusion using left ventricular pressure-strain loop and single photon emission computed tomography（SPECT），and to investigate the relationship between myocardial work，myocardial perfusion and pathological changes of left ventricular remodeling in left bundle branch block induced cardiomyopathy（LBBB-CM）.Methods:Fourteen male beagle dogs were selected，and the main trunk of the left bundle branch was ablated to create an LBBB dog model. Electrocardiogram（ECG），transesophageal echocardiography and arterial blood pressure data of LBBB dogs were collected before and 12 months after the ablation of left bundle branch trunk. Global and segmental myocardial work parameters were obtained by left ventricular pressure-strain loop. The differences of above parameters between baseline and 12 months after the ablation of left bundle branch were compared. SPECT was performed in LBBB dogs 12 months after the creation of LBBB. The hearts were harvested for anatomy observation and histopathological analysis in LBBB dogs and another 7 male beagle dogs（normal control group）matched by age and weight. The correlation between myocardial perfusion（percentage of regional tracer uptake）and myocardial work parameters，myocardial fibrosis in LBBB dogs were analyzed.Results:Compared with baseline，the left ventricular end-diastolic volume of 12 months after the ablation increased［（20.78 ± 5.32）ml vs（26.71 ± 7.94）ml， P = 0.003］，left ventricular ejection fraction decreased［（59.17 ± 5.67）% vs（47.69 ± 5.45）%， P<0.001］；left ventricular global/segmental longitudinal strain，global/segmental constructive work and global/segmental work efficiency decreased（all P<0.05），left ventricular global/segmental wasted work increased（all P<0.001）. Heterogenous perfusion defect was observed in LBBB dogs by SPECT，compared with lateral wall segments，the percentage of regional tracer uptake of septum was decreased（all P<0.05）. Gross anatomical and myocardial pathological changes were manifested as cardiomegaly，flaky or focal grayish thickening of endocardium，cardiomyocyte degeneration and fibrosis. Compared with normal control group，the collagen fiber volume fraction（CVF）in all segmental endocardium and partial segmental myocardium of LBBB dogs were significantly increased（all P<0.05）. Percentage of regional tracer uptake was positively correlated with segmental myocardial work（SMW）and segmental myocardial efficiency（SWE）（ r s = 0.49，0.31；both P<0.001），and negatively correlated with CVF and segmental wasted work（SWW）（ r s = -0.51，-0.49；both P<0.001）. Conclusions:Isolated LBBB is not benign，which can result in left ventricular remodeling，decreased cardiac constructive function，abnormal myocardial perfusion，endocardial fibrosis and myocardial fibrosis.The parameters of myocardial work assecsed by echocardiograpgy and myocardial perfusion，as non-invasive examination，can to some extent reflect the degree of left ventricular remodeling in LBBB-CM.

Objective To investigate the effects of organophosphate flame retardant tri(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCPP)on reproductive function in male mice by the approach of non-targeted metabolomics.Methods A total of twelve 6-week-old SPF male CD-1 mice were randomly divided into control group and TCPP group,with 6 mice in each group.TCPP group was given TCPP(at the dose of 100 mg/kg/d)intragastrically,and control group was intragastrically adminis-trated with the same amount of corn oil(solvent control).After 6 weeks,the mice were killed,and the sperm were isolated from the epididymis.The sperm concentration and viability were analyzed.Testicular tissue sections were stained with he-matoxylin,and ki67 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry.Non-targeted metabolomics was used to detect the difference of metabolites in testicular tissue between the two groups,and to analyze the difference of metabolites and related pathway changes between the two groups.Results Compared with control group,the total sperm motility of mice in TCPP treatment group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).HE staining showed irregular arrangement of spermatogenic tubule supporting cell layer in TCPP treatment group.The expression level of ki67 in testicular tissue of mice treated with TCPP was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Non-targeted metabolomics detected 266 up-regulated metabolites with statistical difference.And 554 down-regulated metabolites with statistical difference,among which the largest difference multiples were organic acids and amino acid metabolites.The pathways with the highest concentration of differential metabolites in-cluded purine metabolism,nucleotide metabolism,amino acid metabolism,cofactor synthesis,etc.,which were mainly re-lated to basic cell life activities,pathophysiology and chemical carcinogenesis.Conclusion TCPP can significantly re-duce sperm motility and ki67 expression in mice at the dosage of 100 mg/kg/d,which might be related to its influence on key metabolic pathways such as purine,amino acid and pyruvate.

Purpose To investigate the CT and MRI features of papillary tumor of the pineal region(PTPR).Materials and Methods A total of seven cases pathologically diagnosed as PTPR in Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University from August 2009 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed,including patients'clinical and imaging data.Seven patients underwent MRI plain and enhanced scan,and five patients underwent CT scan at the same time.Results Supratentorial hydrocephalus was found in seven cases.The boundary of the tumor was clear,with a maximum diameter of about 1.8-5.9 cm,with an average of(2.8±1.5)cm.The tumors appeared as round in four cases and irregular masses in three cases.MRI showed mixed intensity on T1WI and inhomogeneous slight hyperintensity on T2WI of most cases,in which four lesions showed small patchy hyperintensity on T1WI.Four cases underwent diffusion weighted imaging,and three cases showed limited diffusion.Six PTPR lesions showed cystic degeneration,and three lesions had hemorrhage.On contrast-enhanced scans,most of the tumors demonstrated inhomogeneous moderate to obvious enhancement.The solid components of the lesions showed slightly high density on CT both in five cases,and calcification was present in three cases.Conclusion The imaging findings of PTPR have some characteristics,mostly with well-defined round or irregular masses,the tumor is prone to cystic degeneration,and the hyperintensity on T1WI is one of the characteristic images of the disease.

Objective:To quantitatively evaluate the effects of left bundle branch block（LBBB）on left ventricular structure，function and myocardial perfusion using left ventricular pressure-strain loop and single photon emission computed tomography（SPECT），and to investigate the relationship between myocardial work，myocardial perfusion and pathological changes of left ventricular remodeling in left bundle branch block induced cardiomyopathy（LBBB-CM）.Methods:Fourteen male beagle dogs were selected，and the main trunk of the left bundle branch was ablated to create an LBBB dog model. Electrocardiogram（ECG），transesophageal echocardiography and arterial blood pressure data of LBBB dogs were collected before and 12 months after the ablation of left bundle branch trunk. Global and segmental myocardial work parameters were obtained by left ventricular pressure-strain loop. The differences of above parameters between baseline and 12 months after the ablation of left bundle branch were compared. SPECT was performed in LBBB dogs 12 months after the creation of LBBB. The hearts were harvested for anatomy observation and histopathological analysis in LBBB dogs and another 7 male beagle dogs（normal control group）matched by age and weight. The correlation between myocardial perfusion（percentage of regional tracer uptake）and myocardial work parameters，myocardial fibrosis in LBBB dogs were analyzed.Results:Compared with baseline，the left ventricular end-diastolic volume of 12 months after the ablation increased［（20.78 ± 5.32）ml vs（26.71 ± 7.94）ml， P = 0.003］，left ventricular ejection fraction decreased［（59.17 ± 5.67）% vs（47.69 ± 5.45）%， P<0.001］；left ventricular global/segmental longitudinal strain，global/segmental constructive work and global/segmental work efficiency decreased（all P<0.05），left ventricular global/segmental wasted work increased（all P<0.001）. Heterogenous perfusion defect was observed in LBBB dogs by SPECT，compared with lateral wall segments，the percentage of regional tracer uptake of septum was decreased（all P<0.05）. Gross anatomical and myocardial pathological changes were manifested as cardiomegaly，flaky or focal grayish thickening of endocardium，cardiomyocyte degeneration and fibrosis. Compared with normal control group，the collagen fiber volume fraction（CVF）in all segmental endocardium and partial segmental myocardium of LBBB dogs were significantly increased（all P<0.05）. Percentage of regional tracer uptake was positively correlated with segmental myocardial work（SMW）and segmental myocardial efficiency（SWE）（ r s = 0.49，0.31；both P<0.001），and negatively correlated with CVF and segmental wasted work（SWW）（ r s = -0.51，-0.49；both P<0.001）. Conclusions:Isolated LBBB is not benign，which can result in left ventricular remodeling，decreased cardiac constructive function，abnormal myocardial perfusion，endocardial fibrosis and myocardial fibrosis.The parameters of myocardial work assecsed by echocardiograpgy and myocardial perfusion，as non-invasive examination，can to some extent reflect the degree of left ventricular remodeling in LBBB-CM.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical characteristics of the patients with severe infections who were treated with polymyxin B and compare the plasma concentration of polymyxin B among the patients with severe infections with different creatinine clearance rates(Ccr).METHODS The clinical data were collected from 152 patients with severe infections who were treated with intravenous polymyxin B in intensive care unit(ICU)of Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from Jan.2021 to Mar.2023.The trough concentration(Cmin),median concen-tration(C1/2t)and peak concentration(Cmax)of polymyxin B were determined after 5 doses were completed.Based of the area under the curve(AUC)of drug concentration of polymyxin B(AUC0～24h)combined with the Ccr level[the ≤30 to＜60 ml/min group(n=40),the 60 to＜130ml/min group(n=79),and the ≥ 130ml/min group(n=33)],the AUC0～24h of polymyxin B were calculated,and the influence of Ccr on the plasma concentration was observed.RESULTS Among the 152 patients with severe infections,118 were male,and 34 were female,with the age ranging between 20 and 90 years old;the patients with high blood pressure accounted for 14.47％(22/152),the patients with diabetes mellitus 7.24％(11/152).Polymyxin B is primarily used in clinical settings for the treatment of pulmonary infections and bloodstream infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae.The median initial dose and the median maintenance dose were 1.35(1.00,1.67)mg/kg q12 h and 1.07(0.83,1.25)mg/kg q12 h,respectively.The median AUC0～24h of polymyxin B was 76.57(54.65,106.47)μg·h/ml among the 152 patients,and the patients with AUC0～24 h ranging between 50 and 100 μg·h/ml accounted for 53.95％(82/152).Although the median AUC0～24h of polymyxin B of all the three groups ranged between 50 and 100)μg·h/ml,there were significant differences in Cmin,C1/2t,Cmax and AUC0～24h among the three groups(P＜0.05).In addition,there were significant differences in the AUC0～24h of polymyxin B less than 50 μg·h/ml,ranging between 50 and 100 μg·h/ml and more than 100 μg·h/ml among the three groups of patients(x2=21.632,P＜0.001).CONCLUSION Therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM)is nec-essary for the patients with severe infection who receive the polymyxin B for treatment,especially for the patients with Ccr ≤30 to＜60 ml/min and Ccr ≥130 ml/min.

Objective To investigate the effects of organophosphate flame retardant tri(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCPP)on reproductive function in male mice by the approach of non-targeted metabolomics.Methods A total of twelve 6-week-old SPF male CD-1 mice were randomly divided into control group and TCPP group,with 6 mice in each group.TCPP group was given TCPP(at the dose of 100 mg/kg/d)intragastrically,and control group was intragastrically adminis-trated with the same amount of corn oil(solvent control).After 6 weeks,the mice were killed,and the sperm were isolated from the epididymis.The sperm concentration and viability were analyzed.Testicular tissue sections were stained with he-matoxylin,and ki67 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry.Non-targeted metabolomics was used to detect the difference of metabolites in testicular tissue between the two groups,and to analyze the difference of metabolites and related pathway changes between the two groups.Results Compared with control group,the total sperm motility of mice in TCPP treatment group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).HE staining showed irregular arrangement of spermatogenic tubule supporting cell layer in TCPP treatment group.The expression level of ki67 in testicular tissue of mice treated with TCPP was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Non-targeted metabolomics detected 266 up-regulated metabolites with statistical difference.And 554 down-regulated metabolites with statistical difference,among which the largest difference multiples were organic acids and amino acid metabolites.The pathways with the highest concentration of differential metabolites in-cluded purine metabolism,nucleotide metabolism,amino acid metabolism,cofactor synthesis,etc.,which were mainly re-lated to basic cell life activities,pathophysiology and chemical carcinogenesis.Conclusion TCPP can significantly re-duce sperm motility and ki67 expression in mice at the dosage of 100 mg/kg/d,which might be related to its influence on key metabolic pathways such as purine,amino acid and pyruvate.