Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a means of playing the systemic organ protective effect by transient ischemia/reperfusion of the limb,thus reduces the damage caused by more severe ischemic events.RIC can be applied before,during and after ischemic events;among them,the application before ische-mia is relatively more,which is called the remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC).Researches have shown that RIC has considerable clinical translation value characterizing by non-invasion,economy,safety and effect. Although the specific mechanism needs to continue to be explored,but its protective targets are quite exten-sive.Especially for the heart,RIC seems to have favorable protective effects on the heart under almost all pathological conditions.Moreover,RIC has a certain degree of protective effect on the nervous system,lungs,livers and kidneys.Based on this,this article reviews the protective effects of RIC in different organs and its possible mechanisms.

In clinical surgery,various anesthetic drugs produce different effects on the blood circulation of patients.For example,propofol and inhaled anesthetics may lead to dose-related cardiovascular depression,meanwhile which is accompanied by sympathetic nerve tensile decline,vascular resistance decrease and is easy to induce postoperative hypotension.Ketamine can activate the sympathetic nervous system leading to release catecholamines and inhibit the vagus nerve,thus which is clinically manifested as increased blood pressure,in-creased heart rate and other cardiovascular excitation characteristics.As the dextroisomer-isomer of ketamine,esketamine(S-ketamine)not only retains the properties of ketamine,but also has relatively few side effects.Currently,it has been used in clinical anesthesia induction and maintenance,analgesia and treatment of refrac-tory depression.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of ketamine and S-ketamine on the hemodynamics of general anesthesia.

Objective To observe the effect of Shenmai injection combined concurrent chemoradiotherapy on immune function in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Methods A total of 80 patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.In treatment group,40 patients received simultaneous three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with TP(docetaxel+cisplatin)chemotherapy,while given Shenmai injection in the process of concurrent chemoradiotherapy.In control group,40 patients only received chemoradiotherapy.The changes of T cell subsets were observed between the two groups.Results It showed no significant differences in percentages of CD+3,CD+4,CD+16CD+56and CD+4/CD+8 ratio between two groups pre-treatment(all P＞0.05).There were no significant adverse reactions occurred after received Shenmai injection in treatment group.Conclusion It play an important role in improving immune function of patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer who received Shenmai injection combined concurrent chemoradiotherapy.