Objective To explore the clinical features,treatment and prognosis of traumatic subdural effusion(TSE)in infants.Methods Data of 51 cases of traumatic subdural effusion in infants admitted to the single center of Dalian Women and Children Medical Center(Group)from February 2013 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed,and their clinical manifestations,imaging features,treatment methods and prognosis were summarized and analyzed.Results Fifty-one cases(26 males and 25 females),ranging in age from 1 month to 3 years old of traumatic subdural effusion in infants were reviewed in our hospital,all cases were confirmed by Computed Tomography(CT)examination.31 cases were treated conservatively,29 cases were cured,and 2 cases were treated surgically due to poor conservative treatment.Surgical treatment was performed in 22 cases(including 2 cases who received surgical treatment due to poor conservative treatment).One patient underwent puncture and continuous drainage at the lateral Angle of the anterior fontanelle and was cured.Twenty-one cases underwent cranial drilling,subdural space catheterization for external drainage,and 17 cases(80.95％,17/21)were cured at one time.There were 4 cases(19.05％,4/21)of recurrence after external drainage with catheterization.Two cases were cured by external drainage with Ommaya capsule insertion and intermittent aspiration and fluid drainage.It was changed to subdural peritoneal shunt surgery,and 2 cases were cured after the operation.There was no surgical infection or death in all the children in the group.The median follow-up time ranged from 3 months to 60 months,and the conditions were all stable.Conclusion Traumatic subdural effusion is a common complication after craniocerebral injury in infants and young children.Due to its lack of self-expression,the hidden condition is often ignored.Moreover,the brain tissue of infants and young children is in the growth and development stage,which will affect the development of brain tissue after its onset.

Objective To explore the clinical features,treatment and prognosis of traumatic subdural effusion(TSE)in infants.Methods Data of 51 cases of traumatic subdural effusion in infants admitted to the single center of Dalian Women and Children Medical Center(Group)from February 2013 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed,and their clinical manifestations,imaging features,treatment methods and prognosis were summarized and analyzed.Results Fifty-one cases(26 males and 25 females),ranging in age from 1 month to 3 years old of traumatic subdural effusion in infants were reviewed in our hospital,all cases were confirmed by Computed Tomography(CT)examination.31 cases were treated conservatively,29 cases were cured,and 2 cases were treated surgically due to poor conservative treatment.Surgical treatment was performed in 22 cases(including 2 cases who received surgical treatment due to poor conservative treatment).One patient underwent puncture and continuous drainage at the lateral Angle of the anterior fontanelle and was cured.Twenty-one cases underwent cranial drilling,subdural space catheterization for external drainage,and 17 cases(80.95％,17/21)were cured at one time.There were 4 cases(19.05％,4/21)of recurrence after external drainage with catheterization.Two cases were cured by external drainage with Ommaya capsule insertion and intermittent aspiration and fluid drainage.It was changed to subdural peritoneal shunt surgery,and 2 cases were cured after the operation.There was no surgical infection or death in all the children in the group.The median follow-up time ranged from 3 months to 60 months,and the conditions were all stable.Conclusion Traumatic subdural effusion is a common complication after craniocerebral injury in infants and young children.Due to its lack of self-expression,the hidden condition is often ignored.Moreover,the brain tissue of infants and young children is in the growth and development stage,which will affect the development of brain tissue after its onset.

Objective To investigate the application value of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in auditory pathway of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) infants caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.Methods Thirtyone SNHL infants caused by CMV infections were included,and were divided into bilateral hearing loss (BPHL;n=13) group and unilateral hearing impairment (UPHL;n=18) group (including damaged side [lpsi subgroup] and the undamaged side [contrast subgroup]).Thirty-one infants without hearing loss as control group.The fractional anisotropy (FA),the mean diffusivity (MD),the axial diffusivity (AD) and the radial diffusivity (RD) of bilateral inferior colliculus (IC)and lateral lemniscus (LL) were obtained with DTI technique.The statistical analysis was performed.Results Compared with the control group,the FA value reduced and the RD value increased at LL and IC in the BPHL group (all P＜0.001).Compared with the contrast subgroup,the FA value reduced and the RD value increased at IC and LL in lpsi subgroup (all P＜0.001).Compared with the control group,the FA value reduced at LL in the lpsi subgroup,and FA values reduced and RD value increased at IC (all P＜0.001).Compared with the contrast subgroup,the FA value reduced and RD value increased at LL,and RD value increased at IC in the BPHL group (all P＜0.001).The FA value at IC was negatively correlated with auditory threshold (r=-0.966,P＜0.001).No matter in IC or in LL,the MD and AD had no statistical differences (all P＞0.05).Conclusion White matter of auditory pathway of SNHL infant caused by CMV infection is obviously altered,suggesting white matter myelination or myelin dysplasia.

The characterization and management of oral and maxillofacial spaces infections in diabetic patients were studied in order to determine the pattern of this clinical condition and formulate a management plan.There were 31 cases with average age of 61 years(s=9);the mean hospitalization time was 14 days(s=6);the average fasting blood glucose level on admission was 10.4 mmol/L.Of the 31 patients 20 were multiple-space infections and 11 were single-space infections.13 patients had major complications during admission.Odontogenic infection was the most common cause of the space infections.Streptococcus viridians and staphylococcus aureus were common organisms(5/19,4/19)identified through pus and/or blood cultures.Early surgical incision and drainage,perfect blood glucose control,intravenous antimicrobial therapy,preventing asphyxia and managing major complications are necessary and effective approaches for the management plan.

The genotypes of PPAR? 2 gene were determined by PCR RFLP in 232 Chinese individuals. In obese group (130 cases), “Ala” allele was associated with increased body mass index (BMI), hip circumference and serum uric acid level, and this gene polymorphism was independently associated with BMI, suggesting that this gene polymorphism is associated with overweight and obesity in Chinese population.