Objective To monitor the antifungal resistance of clinical isolates of Candida spp.in the East China region.Methods MALDI-TOF MS or molecular methods were used to re-identify the strains collected from January 2018 to December 2022.Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using the broth microdilution method.The susceptibility test results were interpreted according to the breakpoints of 2022 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)documents M27 M44s-Ed3 and M57s-Ed4.Results A total of 3 026 strains of Candida were collected,65.33％of which were isolated from sterile body sites,mainly from blood(38.86％)and pleural effusion/ascites(10.21％).The predominant species of Candida were Candida albicans(44.51％),followed by Candida parapsilosis complex(19.46％),Candida tropicalis(13.98％),Candida glabrata(10.34％),and other Candida species(0.79％).Candida albicans showed overall high susceptibility rates to the 10 antifungal drugs tested(the lowest rate being 93.62％).Only 2.97％of the strains showed dose-dependent susceptibility(SDD)to fluconazole.Candida parapsilosis complex had a SDD rate of 2.61％and a resistance rate of 9.42％to fluconazole,and susceptibility rates above 90％to other drugs.Candida glabrata had a SDD rate of 92.01％and a resistance rate of 7.99％to fluconazole,resistance rates of 32.27％and 48.24％to posaconazole and voriconazole non-wild-type strains(NWT),respectively,and susceptibility rates above 90％to other drugs.Candida tropicalis had resistance rates of 29.55％and 26.24％to fluconazole and voriconazole,respectively,resistance rates of 76.60％and 21.99％to posaconazole and echinocandins non-wild-type strains(NWT),and a resistance rate of 2.36％to echinocandins.Conclusions The prevalence and species distribution of Candida spp.in the East China region are consistent with previous domestic and international reports.Candida glabrata exhibits certain degree of resistance to fluconazole,while Candida tropicalis demonstrates higher resistance to triazole drugs.Additionally,echinocandins resistance has emerged in Candida albicans,Candida glabrata,Candida tropicalis,and Candida parapsilosis.

Objective:To explore the effects of lutein on the adhesion,invasiveness and metastasis of human prostate cancer PC-3M cells and its action mechanism.Methods:We divided human prostate cancer PC-3M cells into a control,a low-dose lutein,a medium-dose lutein and a high-dose lutein group,and treated them with 0,10,20 and 40 μmol/L lutein,respectively.Then we ex-amined the adhesion of the cells to matrix by cell adhesion assay and the changes in cell pseudopodia by Phalloidin staining,detected the expressions of paxillin,matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2),MMP-9,recombinant tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1(TIMP-1),E-cadherin,N-cadherin and vimentin by Western blot,determined the invasiveness and migration of the cells by scratch and Tran-swell assays,and observed their dynamic movement by high-intension imaging.Results:Compared with the control,the lutein inter-vention groups showed significant reduction in the number of the cells adhered to matrix,the number of cell pseudopodia,the expres-sions of paxillin,MMP-2,MMP-9,N-cadherin and vimentin,the rates of migration,invasion and metastasis,and the distances of dis-placement and movement of the cells.However,the expressions of TIMP-1 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related E-cadherin were upregulated significantly.Conclusion:Lutein can inhibit cell adhesion,reduce the expressions of MMPs,and suppress cell in-vasion and migration by inhibiting the proeess of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Objective:To investigate the effect of early postoperative enteral nutrition(EN)on postoperative rehabilitation and inflammation after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer,in order to provide reference for postoperative rehabilitation of such patients.Methods:Patients who received laparoscopic assisted radical gastrectomy in Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from January 2020 to December 2022 were included in the analysis.According to the different ways of postoperative nutritional treatment,patients were divided into the observation group(early postoperative EN group)and the control group(parenteral nutrition group),and indexes such as postoperative rehabilitation,abdominal drainage flow and the level of inflammatory mediators in drainage fluid were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 81 patients were included,including 41 in the observation group and 40 in the control group.Interval of the first postoperative exhaust(t=3.806;P＜0.001)and resuming diet day(t=5.510;P＜0.001),and length of postoperative hospital stay(t=2.401;P=0.019)in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group.Levels of peripheral blood albumin(t=14.040;P＜0.001)and prealbumin(t=9.832;P＜0.001)of the observation group at postoperative day(POD)5 were significantly higher than those of the control group,but there was no significant difference in hemoglobin level(t=1.477;P=0.144).The level of CRP in peripheral blood of the observation group at POD 5(t=7.758;P＜0.001)and the incidence of postoperative SIRS[(12.2％,5/41)vs(32.5％,13/40),x2=4.830;P=0.028)]were significantly lower than those in the control group.The average drainage volume(t=6.858;P＜0.001),drainage removal time(t=5.016;P＜0.001),and TNF-α level(t=4.993;P＜0.001)and IL-6 level(t=20.640;P＜0.001)in postoperative drainage at POD 5 were significantly lower in the observation group than those in the control group.Conclusion:Early postoperative EN could accelerate the rehabilitation process after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy,improve postoperative nutritional status,and reduce abdominal inflammation.

Objective To investigate the expression and prognostic significance of mediator complex subunit 8 (MED8) in gastric cancer and its impact on the cell cycle.Methods The expression of MED8 in gastric cancer and adjacent tissues and its correlation with patients' prognosis were analyzed using public databases.A validation cohort of 104 patients who underwent radical resection for gastric cancer in the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from June 2012 to July 2017 was included.The receiver operating characteristic curve was established to evaluate the predictive value of MED8 for postoperative 5-year survival.Bioinformatics tools were used to predict the biological roles of MED8 in gastric cancer.The effect of the MED8 level on the G1/S phase transition of gastric cancer cells (MGC-803) was analyzed via lentivirus transduction and flow cytometry.Western blotting was carried out to assess the impact of MED8 expression on the protein levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 4(Cdk4) and G1/S-specific cyclin-D1(CyclinD1) in MGC-803 cells.Results The high expression of MED8 in the gastric cancer tissue was associated with poor prognosis (P<0.001) and had prognostic significance (area under curve=0.733,P<0.001).Gene enrichment analysis suggested that MED8 may participate in the cell cycle process.Flow cytometry results revealed that the upregulation of MED8 expression promoted the transition of MGC-803 cells from the G1 phase to the S phase (P<0.001),while the downregulation of MED8 had the opposite effect (P<0.001).Western blotting showed increases in the protein levels of Cdk4 and CyclinD1 in MGC-803 cells with upregulated MED8 expression (all P<0.001),and decreases in the cells with downregulated MED8 expression (all P<0.001).Conclusion MED8 is highly expressed in gastric cancer and may affect its progression and prognosis by regulating the G1/S phase transition of gastric cancer cells.
Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Prognosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Cycle ; Mediator Complex/metabolism* ; Cell Line, Tumor

Multidrug resistance of tumors has been a severe obstacle to the success of cancer chemotherapy. The study wants to investigate the reversal effects of imperatorin (IMP) on doxorubicin (DOX) resistance in K562/DOX leukemia cells, A2780/Taxol cells and in NOD/SCID mice, to explore the possible molecular mechanisms. K562/ DOX and A2780/Taxol cells were treated with various concentrations of DOX and Taol with or without different concentrations of IMP, respectively. K562/DOX xenograft model was used to assess anti-tumor effect of IMP combined with DOX. MTT assay, Rhodamine 123 efflux assay, RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis were determined in vivo and in vitro. Results showed that IMP significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of DOX and Taxol toward corresponding resistance cells. In vivo results illustrated both the tumor volume and tumor weight were significantly decreased after 2-week treatment with IMP combined with DOX compared to the DOX alone group. Western blotting and RT-PCR analyses indicated that IMP downregulated the expression of P-gp in K562/DOX xenograft tumors in NOD/SCID mice. We also evaluated glycolysis and glutamine metabolism in K562/DOX cells by measuring glucose consumption and lactate production. The results revealed that IMP could significantly reduce the glucose consumption and lactate production of K562/DOX cells. Furthermore, IMP could also remarkably repress the glutamine consumption, α-KG and ATP production of K562/DOX cells. Thus, IMP may sensitize K562/DOX cells to DOX and enhance the antitumor effect of DOX in K562/DOX xenograft tumors in NOD/SCID mice. IMP may be an adjuvant therapy to mitigate the multidrug resistance in leukemia chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE: To reveal the neuroprotective effect and the underlying mechanisms of a mixture of the main components of Panax notoginseng saponins (TSPN) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) of cultured cortical neurons. METHODS: The neuroprotective effect of TSPN was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, flow cytometry and live/dead cell assays. The morphology of dendrites was detected by immunofluorescence. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was developed in rats as a model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. The neuroprotective effect of TSPN was evaluated by neurological scoring, tail suspension test, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) and Nissl stainings. Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to measure the changes in the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. RESULTS: MTT showed that TSPN (50, 25 and 12.5 µ g/mL) protected cortical neurons after OGD/R treatment (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Flow cytometry and live/dead cell assays indicated that 25 µ g/mL TSPN decreased neuronal apoptosis (P<0.05), and immunofluorescence showed that 25 µ g/mL TSPN restored the dendritic morphology of damaged neurons (P<0.05). Moreover, 12.5 µ g/mL TSPN downregulated the expression of Beclin-1, Cleaved-caspase 3 and LC3B-II/LC3B-I, and upregulated the levels of phosphorylated (p)-Akt and p-mTOR (P<0.01 or P<0.05). In the MCAO model, 50 µ g/mL TSPN improved defective neurological behavior and reduced infarct volume (P<0.05). Moreover, the expression of Beclin-1 and LC3B in cerebral ischemic penumbra was downregulated after 50 µ g/mL TSPN treatment, whereas the p-mTOR level was upregulated (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION TSPN promoted neuronal survival and protected dendrite integrity after OGD/R and had a potential therapeutic effect by alleviating neurological deficits and reversing neuronal loss. TSPN promoted p-mTOR and inhibited Beclin-1 to alleviate ischemic damage, which may be the mechanism that underlies the neuroprotective activity of TSPN.
Animals ; Beclin-1 ; Brain Ischemia/metabolism* ; Glucose ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/drug therapy* ; Mammals/metabolism* ; Neuroprotection ; Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use* ; Oxygen ; Panax notoginseng ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Rats ; Reperfusion Injury/metabolism* ; Saponins/therapeutic use* ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 3B1 (ALDH3B1) in gastric cancer and explore its correlation with the pathological parameters and long-term prognosis of the patients. METHODS: We analyzed the clinical data of 101 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer in our hospital between January, 2013 and November, 2016, and examined the expression of ALDH3B1 in paraffin-embedded samples of gastric cancer tissues and adjacent tissues from these cases by immunohistochemical staining. We evaluated the correlation between ALDH3B1 expressions and histopathological parameters and assessed the predictive value of ALDH3B1 expression for long-term survival of the patients. We also examined the effect of lentivirus-mediated interference and overexpression of ALDH3B1 on the malignant behaviors of MGC-803 gastric cancer cells. RESULTS: The expressions of ALDH3B1 and Ki67 were significantly higher in gastric cancer tissues than in adjacent tissues (P < 0.05). In gastric cancer patients, ALDH3B1 expression was positively correlated with peripheral blood CEA and CA19-9 levels (P < 0.01). The proportion of patients with CEA ≥5 μg/L, CA19-9 ≥37 kU/L, T stage of 3- 4, and N stage of 2-3 was significantly greater in high ALDH3B1 expression group than in low expression group. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the 5-year survival rate was significantly lower in gastric cancer patients with high ALDH3B1 expressions (P < 0.01). Univariate and Cox multiple regression analyses identified a high expression of ALDH3B1 (P < 0.05, HR= 0.231, 95% CI: 0.064-0.826), CEA≥5 μg/L (P < 0.01, HR=4.478, 95% CI: 1.530-13.110), CA19-9≥37 kU/L (P < 0.01, HR=3.877, 95% CI: 1.625-9.247), T stage of 3-4 (P < 0.01, HR=4.953, 95% CI: 1.768-13.880), and N stage of 2-3 (P < 0.05, HR=2.152, 95% CI: 1.152-4.022) as independent risk factors affecting 5-year survival after radical gastrectomy. The relative ALDH3B1 expression level, at the cut-off point of 4.66, showed a sensitivity of 76.47% and a specificity of 76% for predicting 5-year postoperative death (P < 0.01). In the cell experiment, overexpression of ALDH3B1 obviously promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of MGC-803 cells. CONCLUSION As an independent risk factor affecting 5-year survival after radical gastrectomy, ALDH3B1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer and correlated with pathological parameters of the tumor, and a high ALDH3B1 expression may promote proliferation, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells.
Aldehyde Oxidoreductases ; CA-19-9 Antigen ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology*

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the expression of centromere protein U (CENPU) in colorectal cancer and its predictive value for long-term prognosis of the patients. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 102 patients with colorectal cancer undergoing radical resection in our hospital between January, 2005 and December, 2011. The expression level of CENPU in colorectal cancer tissue was detected immunohistochemically, and its association with clinicopathological characteristics of the patients were analyzed. The patients were divided into low expression group (n=51) and high expression group (n=51) based on the median CENPU expression level for analysis the value of CENPU for predicting long-term prognosis of the patients after radical resection of the tumors. In the in vitro study, we constructed colorectal cancer cell lines with CENPU interference and CENPU overexpression by lentiviral transfection and assessed the changes in the proliferation, migration and invasion of the cells using CCK-8 assay and Transwell assay. RESULTS: The protein expression level of CENPU was significantly higher in colorectal cancer tissues than in the adjacent tissues (P < 0.05) and was positively correlated with the expressions levels of Ki67 (r=0.569, P < 0.05) and VEGF-C (r=0.629, P < 0.05). CENPU expression level in colorectal cancer tissue was closely related with tumor progression and clinicopathological stage of the tumor (P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the patients with high CENPU expression had significantly decreased postoperative overall survival (χ²=11.155, P < 0.05); Cox multivariate regression analysis suggested that CENPU expression level was an independent risk factor affecting the overall survival of the patients after radical resection (HR=1.848, P < 0.05). The results of cell experiments demonstrated that high CENPU expression significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of the tumor cells. CONCLUSION CENPU is highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues in closely correlation with tumor progression and may serve as a potential biomarker for evaluating the long-term prognosis of colorectal cancer patients.
Centromere/pathology* ; Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

Objective:To analyze the patterns of antibacterial agents in Chinese children surveyed by the China multi-center monitoring network for the application of antibacterial agents in children and neonates in 2019 by using World Health Organization (WHO) Access, Watch, Reserve and Not-recommended (AWaRe) and typical anatomical/therapeutic/chemical (ATC) in this study.Methods:The cross-sectional method was adopted.A multi-center cross-sectional survey was conducted on one day from September to December 2019.The information of all inpatients taking antibiotics was uploaded to the network-based data collection system (https: //garpec-31.mobilemd.cn/login.aspx? relogin=true). This study covered 13 hospitals from 10 provinces and cities in China.All hospitalized children in the Respiratory Department, Infectious Disease Department, General Surgery Department, Pediatric Intensive Care Units, Neonatal Intensive Care Units and Neonatology joined in this survey.The clinically used antibacterial agents were classified by AWaRe and ATC, and the AWaRe and ATC distributions of antibacterial agents prescribed for Chinese children and neonates were described.Results:Of the 2 644 antibiotic prescriptions included from 13 hospitals, 2 134 (80.71%) were for children and 510 (19.29%) were for neonates.Of all antibiotic prescriptions, there were 368 (13.92%) Access antibiotics prescriptions, 1 973 (74.62%) Watch prescriptions, 60 (2.27%) Reserve prescriptions and 243 (9.19%) Not-recommended prescriptions.The top-five antibiotics prescribed for children and neonates were third-generation cephalosporins (1 056, 39.94%), macrolides (492, 18.61%), carbapenems (275, 10.40%), beta lactam-beta lactamase inhibitors (246, 9.30%), and second-generation cephalosporins (136, 5.14%). The use ratios of Access, Watch, Reserve and Not-recommended antibiotics in each center ranged from 0 to 30.00%, 36.67% to 97.20%, 0 to 17.02% and 0 to 33.33%, respectively.In 1 360 antibiotic prescriptions for children and neonates with pneumonia, there were 152 (11.18%) Access antibiotics, 1 051 (77.28%) Watch antibiotics, 37 (2.72%) Reserve antibiotics, and 120 (8.82%) Not-recommended antibiotics.The top-five antibiotics prescribed for children with pneumonia were third-generation cephalosporins (522, 38.38%), macrolides (388, 28.53%), beta lactam-beta lactamase inhibitors (141, 10.37%), carbapenems (117, 8.6%) and penicillins (49, 3.60%).Conclusions:Watch antibiotics and broad spectrum antibiotics such as third-generation cephalosporins and macrolides prone to induce resistance are the main antibacterial agents used in Chinese children and neonates with pneumonia.Broad-spectrum antibiotics may be overused in Chinese children and neonates.

Hypoxemia is a common complication of pneumonia, asthma, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in children.Rapid identification of hypoxemia is of great significance for the disposal and management of critical children.Pulse oximetry is recognized by the World Health Organization as the best way to monitor hypoxemia in children, and it can monitor pulse oxygen saturation noninvasively and continuously.Based on the related literature at home and abroad, combined with the clinical needs of pediatrics, the " Expert consensus on clinical application of pulse oximetry in children" is formulated to improve the understanding of pediatricians and nurses on the application in pediatric clinical practice, principle, operation techniques, and limitations of pulse oximetry.